Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a novel nucleoside or nucleotide derivative, a racemate thereof, a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating viral infection-associated diseases, containing the same as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a novel nucleoside or nucleotide derivative, a racemate thereof, a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating viral infection-associated diseases, containing the same as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a communication apparatus with a high-speed data processing function for an embedded system, and an apparatus thereof. A MAC process communication apparatus comprises hardware TCP/IP processing and socket decision means. Upon transmission of data, if data to be transmitted are previously set hardware processing data, an application interface unit transfers the data directly to the hardware TCP/IP processing means without through the OS and the hardware TCP/IP processing means process a TCP/IP protocol of the transmission data, and if the data to be transmitted are not the hardware processing data, but are general data, the OS processes the TCP/IP protocol in a software manner.

Abstract: An apparatus for Internet communication comprises an application protocol, a transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) protocol and a physical protocol. Data of the TCP/IP protocol stack are processed in parallel in hardware. In one embodiment, the hardware processing logic for each of transmission control protocol (TCP), user datagram protocol (UDP), Internet control message protocol (ICMP), Internet group management protocol (IGMP), address resolution protocol (ARP) and reverse address resolution protocol (RARP) includes its own memory controller, a data buffer, a header buffer and control logic. Processing of data in parallel includes storing first unit processing data in a temporary buffer, initializing a checksum buffer to be used in a checksum calculation of the data, and storing the first unit processing data in a first buffer.