Abstract: A method and system for active control of road network traffic congestion, and in particular, to the technical field of traffic congestion control includes: constructing a directed graph according to the positions of detectors in a road network; determining a free-flow reachability matrix of the directed graph and a plurality of neighborhood matrices with different orders according to a free-flow vehicle speed between cross-sections where the detectors are located and the directed graph; calculating a convolution operator of the directed graph within a set time period; inputting the convolution operator of the directed graph within the set time period into a long short-term memory neural network model to obtain a traffic state of each cross-section at each moment within a predicted time period; and determining whether a control method for each cross-section is single-point control or circle layer control.