Abstract: A method includes receiving a wafer, measuring a surface topography of the wafer; calculating a topographical variation based on the surface topography measurement performing a single-zone alignment compensation when the topographical variation is less than a predetermined value or performing a multi-zone alignment compensation when the topographical variation is greater than the predetermined value; and performing a wafer alignment according to the single-zone alignment compensation or the multi-zone alignment compensation.

Abstract: A plating system and a method thereof are disclosed. The plating system performs a N-stage plating drilling filling process in which a M-th stage plating drilling filling process with a M-th current density is performed on a hole of a substrate for a M-th plating time to form a M-th plating layer on the to-be-plated layer, wherein N is a positive integer equal to or greater than 3, and M is a positive integer positive integer in a range of 1 to N. Therefore, the technical effect of providing a higher drilling filling rate than conventional plating filling technology under a condition that a total thickness of plating layers is fixed can be achieved.

Abstract: A tool retaining device includes a base for supporting tool members, a frame having two side arms pivotally secured to the base which is rotatable relative to the frame between an inward storing position and an outward working position. A knob is slidably secured to the frame and has a latch for latching the base to the frame. The arms may be adjustably secured to the base for receiving tool members of different lengths. The base has one or more stops for limiting the rotating of the base relative to the frame.

Abstract: A clamping device includes a rod slidably received in a channel of a housing, a catch plate and a release panel slidably engaged onto the rod and biased to be released and engaged onto the rod. A hand grip is pivotally secured to the housing, a pawl is rotatably secured in the housing and has one end engageable with the hand grip and the other end engageable with the catch plate to tilt the catch plate relative to the rod and for allowing the rod to be moved relative to the housing by the hand grip and the pawl. A knob may move and release the release panel relative to the rod.

Abstract: A plier device includes two longitudinal elements pivotally secured together with a middle pivot shaft, and each having a handle member and a jaw member. A ratchet device is disposed in one of the longitudinal elements. A follower is rotatably disposed in the other longitudinal element and has a pawl detachably and adjustably actuated to engage with the ratchet device for adjusting the opening size of the jaw members. A knob is slidably engaged on the other longitudinal element and has an actuator engaged with the follower to force the pawl to engage with the ratchet device.

Abstract: A plier device includes a pair of handle levers pivotally secured together and each having a handle formed on one end and a stem formed on the other end. Two rods are secured to the stems respectively. A pair of jaws are pivotally secured together and each having a bar extended from one end. The bars each has a groove for receiving the rods of the stems. A spring member is engaged between the bars for biasing the bars to engage with the stems and for forcing the rods into the grooves of the bars, in order to secure the jaws to the handle levers without additional fasteners and tools.

Abstract: A wrench includes a handle having a chamber for receiving a light device, and a cover pivotally secured to the handle for securing the light device in the handle. The light device may be easily and quickly replaced with the other one and has an exposed switch to be actuated by the users. The handle includes a fixed jaw, and a sliding jaw slidably received in the handle and forced to move toward and away from the fixed jaw. A bolt is secured to the sliding jaw and threaded through a knob which may move the bolt and the sliding jaw toward and away from the fixed jaw.