Abstract: A printed circuit board and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The printed circuit board includes a wiring substrate including a plurality of insulating layers, a plurality of wiring layers, and a plurality of via layers and having a cavity penetrating through a portion of the plurality of insulating layers, a passive component disposed in the cavity and including an external electrode electrically connected to at least one of the plurality of wiring layers, and a bridge disposed on the passive component in the cavity and including one or more circuit layers electrically connected to the external electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for detoxifying a lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysate, including: preparing a hydrolysate by pretreating a lignocellulosic biomass by hydrolysis; and decreasing or removing toxicity by adding a surfactant to the hydrolysate. The detoxifying method according to the present disclosure may effectively remove toxicity of compounds derived from lignin that inhibit the growth of and fermentation by microorganisms during the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Further, production efficiency can be improved since loss of sugar can be avoided during the detoxification and additional cost can be minimized.

Abstract: A compressed air engine and a flying object using the engine are disclosed. The flying object includes the following elements. That is, the compressed air engine includes: a top member 11 provided with an air inlet 16; an upper cylinder 12; a lower cylinder 13; a bottom member 14; an air pipe, for passing of a compressed air; a shuttle 20 for performing up/down movements within a cylinder formed by the upper and lower cylinders; and a pair of pistons 21a and 21b over and under the shuttle respectively. The pair of the wings are symmetrically and pivotally assembled to the shuttle and the lower cylinder through securing shafts so as to perform up/down movements in accordance with the up/down movements of the shuttle. A compressed air container 2 is assembled to the bottom of the bottom member, for storing the compressed air.

Abstract: A compressed air engine and a flying object using the engine are disclosed. The flying object includes the following elements. That is, the compressed air engine includes: a top member 11 provided with an air inlet 16; an upper cylinder 12; a lower cylinder 13; a bottom member 14; an air pipe, for passing of a compressed air; a shuttle 20 for performing up/down movements within a cylinder formed by the upper and lower cylinders; and a pair of pistons 21a and 21b over and under the shuttle respectively. The pair of the wings are symmetrically and pivotally assembled to the shuttle and the lower cylinder through securing shafts so as to perform up/down movements in accordance with the up/down movements of the shuttle. A compressed air container 2 is assembled to the bottom of the bottom member, for storing the compressed air.

Abstract: The present invention to a flying object by flapping motion of two pair of wings, which comprises a compressed air engine, a flying body (or compressed air container) assembled with the compressed air engine and in which compressed air is contained, two pair of wings symmetrically assembled with the compressed air engine and functioning flapping motion up and dawn in the range of 70° while the individual wing being able to get twisted in the range of 15°, a head cover for covering the front and upper part of the compressed air engine, and a tail wing with a horizontal wing and a vertical wing.

Abstract: A compressed air engine and a flying object using the engine are disclosed. The flying object includes the following elements. That is, the compressed air engine includes: a top member 11 provided with an air inlet 16; an upper cylinder 12; a lower cylinder 13; a bottom member 14; an air pipe, for passing of a compressed air; a shuttle 20 for performing up/down movements within a cylinder formed by the upper and lower cylinders; and a pair of pistons 21a and 21b over and under the shuttle respectively. The pair of the wings are symmetrically and pivotally assembled to the shuttle and the lower cylinder through securing shafts so as to perform up/down movements in accordance with the up/down movements of the shuttle. A compressed air container 2 is assembled to the bottom of the bottom member, for storing the compressed air.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flying object by flapping motion of two pair of wings, which comprises a compressed air engine, a flying body (or compressed air container) assembled with the compressed air engine and in which compressed air is contained, two pair of wings symmetrically assembled with the compressed air engine and functioning flapping motion up and dawn in the range of 70° while the individual wing being able to get twisted in the range of 15°, a head cover for covering the front and upper part of the compressed air engine, and a tail wing with a horizontal wing and a vertical wing.