Abstract: An underground transmitter can be configured for use with a drill head and configured for wireless communication. The underground transmitter can include a control circuitry and a multi-coil antenna assembly. The control circuitry is configured for transmitting data associated with an operation of the drill head. The multi-core antenna can include an antenna core and a plurality of distinct wire coils. The plurality of distinct wire coils can be positioned proximate (e.g., around) the antenna core, with the distinct wire coils each having a different inductance associated therewith and thereby capable of transmitting in a separate frequency range. The control circuitry can be selectably coupled with the distinct wire coils to control which of the distinct wire coils are activated and thereby generating data signals at a given time.

Abstract: Compositions, kits, systems, equipment, and protocols utilize synthetic siRNA having a delivery facilitating moiety in improved bioprocesses that enhance the production of biomaterials. The siRNA can target genes associated with the following: 1) deleterious vector derived genes; 2) genes that confer non-optimal growth or differentiation properties to the cells; 3) genes that can influence heterogeneity or post-translational modification pattern of the desirable gene product; 4) genes that highly express non-desired proteins; 5) genes that express proteins which interfere with purification of the desired protein; and 6) other genes that can interfere with the bioprocess.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for performing RNA interference comprising a wide variety of stabilized siRNAs suitable for use in serum-containing media and for in vivo applications, such as therapeutic applications, are provided. These siRNAs permit effective and efficient applications of RNA interference to applications such as diagnostics and therapeutics through the use of one or more modifications including orthoesters, terminal conjugates, modified linkages and 2? modified nucleotides. Uniquely modified siRNAs have been developed that reduces off-target effects incurred in gene-silencing. The modifications include phosphorylation of the first 5? terminal antisense nucleotide; 2? carbon modifications of the first and second or first, second, and third 5? terminal antisense nucleotides; and optionally 2? carbon modifications of the first and second or first, second, and third 5? terminal sense nucleotide. Control and exaequo molecules are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for inhibiting gene silencing by the RNAi pathway. The RNAi inhibitors of the invention have a reverse complement (RC) region to the target molecule of interest (e.g., miRNA) in association with at least one flanking region coupled to either at the 3? or 5? end of the RC region. The flanking regions can be single-stranded or can have one or more regions of double stranded nucleic acid with or without a hairpin loop. The RNAi inhibitors described herein can inhibit endogenous targets, including but not limited to microRNAs, or piRNAs, or can be used to inhibit the effects of exogenously introduced molecules, such as synthetic siRNAs, siRNAs expressed from vector constructs (e.g., viral expression systems), or siRNAs generated by enzymatic methods. Inhibition is specific, potent, prolonged, and can be performed on a single target or multiple targets simultaneously.

Abstract: Compositions, kits, systems, equipment, and protocols utilize synthetic siRNA having a delivery facilitating moiety in improved bioprocesses that enhance the production of biomaterials. The siRNA can target genes associated with the following: 1) deleterious vector derived genes; 2) genes that confer non-optimal growth or differentiation properties to the cells; 3) genes that can influence heterogeneity or post-translational modification pattern of the desirable gene product; 4) genes that highly express non-desired proteins; 5) genes that express proteins which interfere with purification of the desired protein; and 6) other genes that can interfere with the bioprocess.

Abstract: RNA molecules, including siRNA molecules and related control, trackability and exaequo agents with specific stability modifications are provided. These molecules are particularly advantageous as transfection control reagents. The molecules include first and second 5? terminal sense nucleotides with 2?-O-alkyl groups and a label on the first 5? terminal sense nucleotide, in conjunction with at least one additional 2?-O-alkyl pyrimidine modified sense nucleotide, and either: (i) at least one 2? fluoro modified pyrimidine antisense nucleotide and a phosphorylated first 5? terminal antisense nucleotide; or (ii) a first and second 5? terminal antisense nucleotide with 2?-O-alkyl modifications and at least one additional 2?-O-alkyl pyrimidine modified antisense nucleotide.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, libraries and computer program products for determining whether a phenotype induced by a candidate siRNA for a target gene in an RNAi experiment is target specific or a false positive. Through the use of a control siRNA that has one or two seed sequences of six or seven bases in combination with a neutral scaffolding sequence, a distinction can be made between false positive and true positive analyses of functionality.

Abstract: RNA molecules, including siRNA molecules and related control, trackability and exaequo agents with specific stability modifications are provided. These molecules are particularly advantageous as transfection control reagents. The molecules include first and second 5? terminal sense nucleotides with 2?-O-alkyl groups and a label on the first 5? terminal sense nucleotide, in conjunction with at least one additional 2?-O-alkyl pyrimidine modified sense nucleotide, and either: (i) at least one 2? fluoro modified pyrimidine antisense nucleotide and a phosphorylated first 5? terminal antisense nucleotide; or (ii) a first and second 5? terminal antisense nucleotide with 2?-O-alkyl modifications and at least one additional 2?-O-alkyl pyrimidine modified antisense nucleotide.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, libraries and computer program products for selecting siRNA that reduce off-target effects and methods for gene silencing using these siRNAs. By comparing nucleotide sequences at positions 2-7 or 2-8 of the sense and/or antisense regions of candidate siRNAs to the 3? UTR region of mRNAs, one can select siRNAs that have reduced off-target effects.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for performing RNA interference comprising a wide variety of stabilized siRNAs suitable for use in serum-containing media and for in vivo applications, such as therapeutic applications, are provided. These siRNAs permit effective and efficient applications of RNA interference to applications such as diagnostics and therapeutics through the use of one or more modifications including orthoesters, terminal conjugates, modified linkages and 2? modified nucleotides. Uniquely modified siRNAs have been developed that reduces off-target effects incurred in gene-silencing. The modifications include phosphorylation of the first 5? terminal antisense nucleotide; 2? carbon modifications of the first and second or first, second, and third 5? terminal antisense nucleotides; and optionally 2? carbon modifications of the first and second or first, second, and third 5? terminal sense nucleotide. Control and exaequo molecules are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for performing RNA interference with decreased off-target effects are provided The methods and compositions permit effective and efficient applications of RNA interference to applications such as diagnostics and therapeutics through the use of modifications to the siRNA. Uniquely modified siRNAs have been developed that reduce off-target effects incurred in gene-silencing. The modifications comprise 2?-O-alkyl or mismatch modification(s) at specific positions on the sense and/or antisense strands.

Abstract: Toxic nucleic acid sequences and methods for identifying, using, and screening libraries for them, including in silico screening, are provided. Compositions of the invention comprise unimolecular and double stranded polynucleotides comprising at least one toxicity region. Toxic sequences of the invention include A/G UUU A/G/U, G/C AAA G/C, and/or GCCA, NUUU, wherein N is any nucleotide, or complements thereof. The invention also provides a method of inducing a toxic response in a cell, comprising introducing into the cell a unimolecular or double stranded polynucleotide comprising at least one toxicity region comprising a sequence selected from the group consisting of A/G UUU A/G/U, G/C AAA G/C, GAAT, and GCCA, NUUU, wherein N is any nucleotide, or a complement of any of the foregoing, wherein said unimolecular or double stranded polynucleotide is at least 5 base pairs long and is comprises a sense and antisense region that are at least substantially complementary.

Abstract: A method of identifying SNP specific siRNA is provided. The method comprises comparing the silencing effect of: (i) at least two SNP containing siRNA in cells that contain a SNP target sequence; (ii) said at least two SNP containing siRNA in cells that contain a wild type target sequence; (iii) at least two non-SNP containing siRNA in cells that contain a SNP target sequence; and (iv) said at least two non-SNP containing siRNA in cells that contain a wild type target sequence. Through the method, SNP specific siRNA can be selected for a diverse set of genes, including the Kras gene.