Abstract: A method of making a supercapacitor from waste tires, includes the steps of providing rubber pieces and contacting the rubber pieces with a sulfonation bath to produce sulfonated rubber; pyrolyzing the sulfonated rubber to produce a tire-derived carbon composite comprising carbon black embedded in rubber-derived carbon matrix comprising graphitized interface portions; activating the tire-derived carbon composite by contacting the tire-derived carbon composite with a specific surface area-increasing composition to increase the specific surface area of the carbon composite to provide an activated tire-derived carbon composite; and, mixing the activated tire-derived carbon composite with a monomer and polymerizing the monomer to produce a redox-active polymer coated, activated tire-derived carbon composite. The redox-active polymer coated, activated tire-derived carbon composite can be formed into a film. An electrode and a supercapacitor are also disclosed.

Abstract: The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane includes a stack of two-dimensional metal carbide layers. A two-dimensional metal carbide included in the two-dimensional metal carbide layers may have the formula Ti3C2Tx, where T represents a terminating functional group, and x represents a number of the terminating functional groups. The terminating group may be oxygen, hydroxide (OH), fluorine or combinations thereof. The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane includes nano-channels which are selectively permeable to ions. The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane is selectivity permeable to a number of different cations, including Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ni2+ and Al3+, with counter Cl? anions. Permeation rates depend on the charges of the cations and the ions' hydrated radius, with a critical point around 4.0 ?. The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membranes can be used as desalination and/or water filtration membranes.

Abstract: A wearable power harvesting system includes a knitted fabric rectenna including an antenna adapted to receive radio-frequency energy within a desired frequency band and a rectifier circuit that converts received radio-frequency energy into a DC current and voltage. A knitted fabric load/storage unit stores DC power from the rectifier circuit. The power harvesting system is adapted to harvest the radio-frequency energy within the desired frequency band, which may include WLAN frequencies such as the standard 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz WLAN standard frequencies.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to compositions comprising at least one layer having first and second surfaces, each layer comprising: a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells, each crystal cell having an empirical formula of M?2M?nXn+1, such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M? and M?; wherein M? and M? each comprise different Group IIIB, IVB, VB, or VIB metals; each X is C, N, or a combination thereof; n=1 or 2; and wherein the M? atoms are substantially present as two-dimensional outer arrays of atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells; the M? atoms are substantially present as two-dimensional inner arrays of atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells; and the two dimensional inner arrays of M? atoms are sandwiched between the two-dimensional outer arrays of M? atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells.

Abstract: A method of making a supercapacitor from waste tires, includes the steps of providing rubber pieces and contacting the rubber pieces with a sulfonation bath to produce sulfonated rubber; pyrolyzing the sulfonated rubber to produce a tire-derived carbon composite comprising carbon black embedded in rubber-derived carbon matrix comprising graphitized interface portions; activating the tire-derived carbon composite by contacting the tire-derived carbon composite with a specific surface area-increasing composition to increase the specific surface area of the carbon composite to provide an activated tire-derived carbon composite; and, mixing the activated tire-derived carbon composite with a monomer and polymerizing the monomer to produce a redox-active polymer coated, activated tire-derived carbon composite. The redox-active polymer coated, activated tire-derived carbon composite can be formed into a film. An electrode and a supercapacitor are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions comprising at least one layer or at least two layers, each layer comprising a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells, having first and second surfaces, each crystal cell having the empirical formula of Mn+1Xn, where M, X, and n are described in the specification, and devices incorporating these compositions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of transferring urea from an aqueous solution comprising urea to a MXene composition, the method comprising contacting the aqueous solution comprising urea with the MXene composition for a time sufficient to form an intercalated MXene composition comprising urea.

Abstract: The present invention(s) is directed to novel conductive Mn+1Xn(Ts) compositions exhibiting high volumetric capacitances, and methods of making the same. The present invention(s) is also directed to novel conductive Mn+1Xn(Ts) compositions, methods of preparing transparent conductors using these materials, and products derived from these methods.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of disaggregating nanodiamond clusters, especially those clusters typically produced from detonation syntheses, the nanodiamond particles and dispersions produced from these disaggregation processes, and compositions derived from these nanodiamond particles and dispersions.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel applications for alliform carbon, useful in conductors and energy storage devices, including electrical double layer capacitor devices and articles incorporating such conductors and devices. Said alliform carbon particles are in the range of 2 to about 20 percent by weight, relative to the weight of the entire electrode. Said novel applications include supercapacitors and associated electrode devices, batteries, bandages and wound healing, and thin-film devices, including display devices.

Abstract: A method of making a supercapacitor from waste tires, includes the steps of providing rubber pieces and contacting the rubber pieces with a sulfonation bath to produce sulfonated rubber; pyrolyzing the sulfonated rubber to produce a tire-derived carbon composite comprising carbon black embedded in rubber-derived carbon matrix comprising graphitized interface portions; activating the tire-derived carbon composite by contacting the tire-derived carbon composite with a specific surface area-increasing composition to increase the specific surface area of the carbon composite to provide an activated tire-derived carbon composite; and, mixing the activated tire-derived carbon composite with a monomer and polymerizing the monomer to produce a redox-active polymer coated, activated tire-derived carbon composite. The redox-active polymer coated, activated tire-derived carbon composite can be formed into a film. An electrode and a supercapacitor are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of transferring urea from an aqueous solution comprising urea to a MXene composition, the method comprising contacting the aqueous solution comprising urea with the MXene composition for a time sufficient to form an intercalated MXene composition comprising urea.

Abstract: A wearable power harvesting system includes a knitted fabric rectenna including an antenna adapted to receive radio-frequency energy within a desired frequency band and a rectifier circuit that converts received radio-frequency energy into a DC current and voltage. A knitted fabric load/storage unit stores DC power from the rectifier circuit. The power harvesting system is adapted to harvest the radio-frequency energy within the desired frequency band, which may include WLAN frequencies such as the standard 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz WLAN standard frequencies.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions comprising free standing and stacked assemblies of two dimensional crystalline solids, and methods of making the same.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions comprising free standing and stacked assemblies of two dimensional crystalline solids, useful for physical and electrochemical applications.

Abstract: A garment includes a supercapacitor and/or heated fabrics including a first conductive yarn knitted to as to form a current collector and a second conductive yarn knitted to as to form an electrode that is in electrical contact with the current collector. The conductive yarns are knitted into a predetermined supercapacitor design having respective electrodes that are not in electrical contact with each other. An electrolyte saturates at least the electrode material either before or after knitting, and an ionically permeable electronic separator allows the electrodes to be in close proximity to each other without being in electrical contact with each other. A heating element may also be formed by knitting at least one of the first and second conductive yarns into a linear resistor or by knitting an insulated conductive yarn into a sheet of fabric. Such a heating element is connected to the supercapacitor via a switch.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cheap and efficient method and device to remove ions from an electrolytic media, such as water desalination. The invention relates to a cell adapted to remove ions from an liquid electrolytic media, comprising a housing with: two inlets and two outlets, a unique porous membrane ionically conducting but electrically insulating, lying between the two inlets and the two outlets to constitute two compartments, each one comprising one of the inlets and one of the outlets, two electrodes, each one in electronic contact with one compartment.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions comprising free standing and stacked assemblies of two dimensional crystalline solids, and methods of making the same.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions comprising free standing and stacked assemblies of two dimensional crystalline solids, and methods of making the same.

Abstract: The present invention includes a composition for implantation in a patient, comprising surface-functionalized nanodiamonds and at least one biodegradable biocompatible polymer. The present invention also includes a surgical fixation device for use in a patient.