Abstract: The present invention relates to an image background modeling and foreground extraction method based on a depth image, characterized by comprising: step 1: acquiring a depth image representing a distance from objects to a camera; step 2: initiating a real-time depth background model; step 3: updating the real-time depth background model; step 4: acquiring a current depth image representing the distance from the objects to the camera; step 5: extracting a foreground image of the current depth image based on the real-time depth background model; step 6: outputting the foreground image and generating a real-time target masking image; and step 7: updating the real-time depth background model, where code block information of each pixel point in the real-time depth background model is updated according to the real-time target masking image.