Abstract: A controller is configured to control an internal combustion engine that includes an exhaust gas temperature sensor. The exhaust gas temperature sensor detects, as an exhaust gas temperature, a temperature of exhaust gas flowing through an exhaust passage. The controller is configured to execute an estimation process that estimates a generation amount per unit time of condensed water generated in the exhaust passage. In the estimation process, the controller estimates a lower value of the generation amount for a higher value of the exhaust gas temperature that is detected by the exhaust gas temperature sensor.

Abstract: A turbocharger includes a turbine wheel, a turbine housing including a through-hole, a waste gate valve including a shaft, and a bushing slidably supporting the shaft. The through-hole includes a first end, a second end, and a circular conical surface in a region that includes the first end. The circular conical surface has a diameter that is increased in a direction extending from the second end toward the first end. The bushing includes an abutment portion that abuts against an entire circumference of the circular conical surface. At least one of an outer circumferential surface of the shaft or an inner circumferential surface of the bushing includes a recess. The recess is located in a range at least partially corresponding to a range in the axial direction of the through-hole where the circular conical surface abuts against the abutment portion.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, condensed water generated upstream of a compressor can be caused to flow into a groove 44, and temporarily accumulated therein. The condensed water flowing into the groove 44 moves to a lower portion in a gravity direction (that is, to an ABV 38-side) in the groove 44. When the ABV 38 is opened, the condensed water accumulated in the groove 44 is blown away to a center portion of an inlet 46 on a flow of a return gas, and, together with an intake gas flowing through the center portion, the condensed water flows into a compressor 20 from a center portion 42b of a front end surface of an impeller 42. Since the center portion 42b has a lower circumferential speed than that of an outer peripheral portion 42a, occurrence of erosion by contact with the condensed water can be suppressed as compared to the outer peripheral portion 42a.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, condensed water generated upstream of a compressor can be caused to flow into a groove 44, and temporarily accumulated therein. The condensed water flowing into the groove 44 moves to a lower portion in a gravity direction (that is, to an ABV 38-side) in the groove 44. When the ABV38 is opened, the condensed water accumulated in the groove 44 is blown away to a center portion of an inlet 46 on a flow of a return gas, and, together with an intake gas flowing through the center portion, the condensed water flows into a compressor 20 from a center portion 42b of a front end surface of an impeller 42. Since the center portion 42b has a lower circumferential speed than that of an outer peripheral portion 42a, occurrence of erosion by contact with the condensed water can be suppressed as compared to the outer peripheral portion 42a.