Abstract: It is necessary to attain the combustion stability when performing ignition retarding in order to reduce exhaust gas and raise the exhaust gas temperature under a cold start condition, as well as soot reduction under a fully open throttle valve condition. An injector according to the present invention comprises: a plurality of fuel passages having an axis line inclined with respect to a valve operation axis line at a nozzle end; wherein inclined axis lines of at least three of the fuel passages have a spreading angle, none of them intersecting with each other, and three injection points are formed in a plane perpendicular to a valve operation axis line to form a triangle; and wherein at least one center-oriented fuel passage having an injection point around the center of the triangle is provided.

Abstract: A plurality of spark electrodes are disposed in an arc shape on the surface or so as to be projected from the surface of an insulating member formed on a part of the wall face of a combustion chamber, and are formed so as to be in series electrically via discharging gaps. A spark plug is provided integrally with an injector, and the spark plug and the ignition coil are integrated. The three members are constructed as an integral unit, thereby improving installability to an engine.

Abstract: To balance ignition retard for reduction in exhaust and increase in exhaust gas temperature at a start of cooling, and increased output under a full open condition. There are provided an upward spray that forms airflow toward an electrode portion of an ignition plug at a start of cooling, a central spray oriented toward the electrode portion of the ignition plug by the airflow by the upward spray, and lateral sprays that prevent fuel from adhering to a wall surface under a full open condition and form uniform air/fuel mixture.

Abstract: A direct injection engine and a controller for the engine, which can realize super-retard combustion under high backpressure and can minimize an emission amount of HC at the startup. A cavity is formed in a piston such that fuel spray injected from a fuel injection valve is blown into the cavity. An obstacle member, such as a step, is provided in the cavity to decelerate or stop the fuel spray blown into the cavity. A mount position, mount posture, nozzle structure, injection port shape, etc. of the fuel injection valve are set such that the fuel spray injected from the fuel injection valve is made up of a lead fuel spray component directed toward the ignition plug and having a penetration to extend long beyond the ignition plug, and a main fuel spray component directed toward the piston, thereby enabling the super-retard combustion to be performed under high backpressure.

Abstract: A plurality of spark electrodes are disposed in an arc shape on the surface or so as to be projected from the surface of an insulating member formed on a part of the wall face of a combustion chamber, and are formed so as to be in series electrically via discharging gaps. A spark plug is provided integrally with an injector, and the spark plug and the ignition coil are integrated. The three members are constructed as an integral unit, thereby improving installability to an engine.

Abstract: A direct injection engine and a controller for the engine, which can realize super-retard combustion under high backpressure and can minimize an emission amount of HC at the startup. A cavity is formed in a piston such that fuel spray injected from a fuel injection valve is blown into the cavity. An obstacle member, such as a step, is provided in the cavity to decelerate or stop the fuel spray blown into the cavity. A mount position, mount posture, nozzle structure, injection port shape, etc. of the fuel injection valve are set such that the fuel spray injected from the fuel injection valve is made up of a lead fuel spray component directed toward the ignition plug and having a penetration to extend long beyond the ignition plug, and a main fuel spray component directed toward the piston, thereby enabling the super-retard combustion to be performed under high backpressure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a household cogeneration system which is adapted to a consumption power amount and a consumption heat amount of each consumer in an ordinary house and can easily handle a failure. The cogeneration system has an energy generating device constructed by: a plurality of electric/heat energy generating modules each having a jacket for sending electric energy and heat energy; a plurality of heat energy generating modules each having a jacket for sending heat energy and constructed by a mechanical power generating device and a heat pump device; and a base having a jacket for receiving the electric energy and the heat energy from the plurality of energy generating modules and supplying the energy from the modules in a lump to a consumer side.

Abstract: In a center injection type of direct engine, since it has an ignition plug and an injector arranged in proximity, there occurs the problem that a sprayed liquid fuel directly strikes the ignition plug and causes the plug to misfire. A notch is to be provided at a portion of the injector end so as to form a coarse-grained portion and a dense portion in sprays of fuel, and the injector is disposed so that the coarse-grained portion is directed towards the ignition plug. It is possible to avoid the misfiring of the ignition plug and thus prolong the life of the plug, by preventing a liquid fuel from directly striking the plug.

Abstract: In an in-home dispersed power source system designed to supply electric power to a plurality of home electric appliances with using a dispersed power source in combination with a commercial power source, a control means, which is connected to the dispersed power source and the plurality of the home electric appliances via a network and which control means performs ON/OFF control of each of the home electric appliances, is provided, wherein the control means makes each of the home electric appliances follow a response delay of power generation operation of the dispersed power source by selective ON/OFF control of the plurality of the home electric appliances.

Abstract: In a center injection type of direct engine, since it has an ignition plug and an injector arranged in proximity, there occurs the problem that a sprayed liquid fuel directly strikes the ignition plug and causes the plug to misfire. A notch is to be provided at a portion of the injector end so as to form a coarse-grained portion and a dense portion in sprays of fuel, and the injector is disposed so that the coarse-grained portion is directed towards the ignition plug. It is possible to avoid the misfiring of the ignition plug and thus prolong the life of the plug, by preventing a liquid fuel from directly striking the plug.

Abstract: In a center injection type of direct injection engine, since it has an ignition plug and an injector arranged in proximity, there occurs the problem that a sprayed liquid fuel directly strikes the ignition plug and causes the plug to misfire. A notch is to be provided at a portion of the injector end so as to form a coarse-grained portion and a dense portion in sprays of fuel, and the injector is disposed so that the coarse-grained portion is directed towards the ignition plug. It is possible to avoid the misfiring of the ignition plug and thus prolong the life of the plug, by preventing a liquid fuel from directly striking the plug.

Abstract: The flow rate distribution of the fuel injected from the injection port which passes the section at a specific position of the downstream from the injection port of fuel injector has the characteristic that when the point that the periphery of the fuel spray close to the central axis of the injection port intersects with straight line L that connects respective gravities of the fuel sprays injected in two directions is assumed to be first point P1, the point that the periphery of the fuel spray far from the central axis intersects with straight line L second point P2, and the point in the middle of first point P1 and second point P2 third point P3, the peak position of flow rate on straight line L exists between first point P1 and third point P3, and the flow rate decreases with getting away from peak position on straight line L.

Abstract: A fuel injector employed in a direct injection engine comprising a spark plug arranged on the top of a combustion chamber, a fuel injector located on said combustion chamber and an intake air control means installed on an intake manifold. A forward tumble air flow is formed in the combustion chamber by the intake air control means, and the fuel injector is available in two types; an annular (conical) spray type characterized by uniform density and a spray type characterized by high/low density. In the case of latter type, arrangement is made to ensure that the denser portion is placed face-to-face with the spark plug. Spray fuel rises along the wall surface of the combustion chamber on the intake side, and is carried to the spark plug by forward tumble air flow (called “tumble guide”) moving from the fuel injector to the spark plug.

Abstract: A combustion chamber is formed using a flat piston having a low cooling loss and therein a forward tumble is generated. A fuel spray is formed by a provision of a splitter which is provided to make off-set from a center of an injection port at a tip end of a tumble atomization system fuel injector. The fuel spray is divided into a fuel spray having a strong penetration force and a fuel spray having a small penetration force. The fuel spray having the strong penetration force is injected in a vicinity of an ignition plug. Accordingly, a fuel adhesion to the piston can be reduced and further a reduction of a discharge HC and a fuel consumption can be improved.

Abstract: A direct injection engine capable of direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber characterized in that discharge of gas containing hazardous gas component such as HC can be reduced and fuel economy can be improved by stratified charge combustion in the operation range of low to high speeds. Spray fuel from the fuel injector is fed to the ignition plug by tumble air flow generated in the combustion chamber and formed between the fuel injector located on the side of the combustion chamber and the ignition plug installed on the top of the combustion chamber. This engine (a tumble guide direct injection engine) is configured to ensure that fuel reaches the ignition plug at the time of its ignition.

Abstract: Provided is a method of controlling the timing of ignition of a compression ignition internal combustion engine of a premixed mixture type in which a premixed gas is self-ignited through compression by a piston, the volume of fuel spray impinging upon the inner wall surface of a combustion chamber is continuously or stepwise increased as the engine speed is changed from a low value to a high value, and which can optimumly control the timing of compression ignition in accordance with an operating condition of the engine at a low cost without complicating the apparatus configuration.

Abstract: Provided is a method of controlling the timing of ignition of a compression ignition internal combustion engine of a premixed mixture type in which a premixed gas is self-ignited through compression by a piston, the volume of fuel spray impinging upon the inner wall surface of a combustion chamber is continuously or stepwise increased as the engine speed is changed from a low value to a high value, and which can optimumly control the timing of compression ignition in accordance with an operating condition of the engine at a low cost without complicating the apparatus configuration.

Abstract: an intake pipe injection type engine, in which even if the air flow is generated in the intake pipe, the fuel is prevented from adhering to the inner wall of the intake pipe to aim at the decrease of the amount of the hydrocarbon exhaust, thereby the response of the fuel supply of the demanded air fuel ratio is improved. In an intake pipe injection type engine, in which the fuel injection valve is installed in the intake pipe, and the fuel is injected into the intake pipe, the fuel injection valve injects a main spray of which the spray angle is wide and the spray penetration is weak, and a lead spray of which the spray angle is narrow and the spray penetration is strong.

Abstract: In a center injection type of direct engine, since it has an ignition plug and an injector arranged in proximity, there occurs the problem that a sprayed liquid fuel directly strikes the ignition plug and causes the plug to misfire. A notch is to be provided at a portion of the injector end so as to form a coarse-grained portion and a dense portion in sprays of fuel, and the injector is disposed so that the coarse-grained portion is directed towards the ignition plug. It is possible to avoid the misfiring of the ignition plug and thus prolong the life of the plug, by preventing a liquid fuel from directly striking the plug.

Abstract: Provided is a method of controlling the timing of ignition of a compression ignition internal combustion engine of a premixed mixture type in which a premixed gas is self-ignited through compression by a piston, the volume of fuel spray impinging upon the inner wall surface of a combustion chamber is continuously or stepwise increased as the engine speed is changed from a low value to a high value, and which can optimumly control the timing of compression ignition in accordance with an operating condition of the engine at a low cost without complicating the apparatus configuration.