Abstract: A polarizing plate may have high transmittance characteristics and suppressed reflected light. An optical device may be provided with the polarizing plate. The polarizing plate may have a wire grid structure that includes a transparent substrate and grid-like projection portions arranged on the transparent substrate at a pitch shorter than the wavelength of light in a used bandwidth and extending in a predetermined direction. The grid-like projection portions may each have a reflective layer and a dielectric layer in order from the transparent substrate side. When viewed from the predetermined direction, the reflective layer has may have a step on the side thereof and may have the largest bottom width on the transparent substrate side.

Abstract: Provided is a structural birefringence-type inorganic wave plate having excellent heat resistance and durability, and a fine pattern. Also provided is a manufacturing method for an inorganic wave plate by which, even in the case of a fine pattern, productivity is high, and a desired phase difference is easily achieved and stably obtained. This inorganic wave plate is obtained by utilizing a selective interaction between a polymer having a repeating unit containing a carbonyl group, and a metallic oxide precursor, the inorganic wave plate having a wire grid structure provided with a transparent substrate, and grid-shaped protruding portions arranged at a pitch shorter than the wavelength of light in a used band on at least one surface of the transparent substrate and extending in a predetermined direction, the main component of the grid-shaped protruding portion being a metallic oxide.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, containing negative electrode active material particles, including silicon compound particles each containing a silicon compound (SiOx: 0.5?x?1.6) and at least one or more of Li2SiO3 and Li2Si2O5, the material includes a phosphate, the negative electrode active material particles each have a surface containing lithium element, and a ratio mp/ml satisfies 0.02?mp/ml?3, where ml represents a molar quantity of the lithium element and contained per unit mass of the particles, and mp represents a molar quantity of phosphorus element contained per unit mass of the particles. Thereby, a negative electrode active material is capable of stabilizing an aqueous negative electrode slurry prepared in producing a negative electrode of a secondary battery, and capable of improving initial charge-discharge characteristics when the negative electrode active material is used for a secondary battery.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which contains a negative electrode active material particle. The negative electrode active material particle contains a silicon compound particle containing Li2SiO3. When measuring the negative electrode active material particle by X-ray diffraction, a half-value width of a peak derived from the Li2SiO3 (020) plane is in a range from 1.1° to 1.5° inclusive, and formulae (1) to (3) are all satisfied, 1.1?Ib/Ia?1.5??(1) I(24.8°)/Ia?0.5??(2) I(28.4°)/Ia?1.0??(3) where Ia denotes intensity of a peak derived from the Li2SiO3 (020) plane, Ib denotes intensity of a peak derived from the Li2SiO3 (111) plane, I(24.8°) denotes intensity at 2?=24.8°, and I(28.4°) denotes intensity at 2?=28.4°.

Abstract: A negative electrode including: a negative electrode current collector with a roughened surface; and a negative electrode active material layer provided on the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode active material layer includes: negative electrode active material particles containing a compound of lithium, silicon, and oxygen; and a composite compound filled in interparticle gaps and a surface layer of the negative electrode active material particles, the composite compound at least containing chemically bonded carbon and oxygen atoms, the composite compound not being alloyed with the negative electrode active material particles. A ratio O/Si of the oxygen to the silicon constituting the negative electrode active material particles is in the range of 0.8 or more and 1.2 or less.

Abstract: A drill has a first main body portion and a second main body portion. The first main body includes a chip discharging surface, a flank face, and an outer peripheral surface. A ridgeline between the chip discharging surface and the flank face constitutes a cutting edge. The chip discharging surface has an auxiliary flute surface provided in a form of a helix around a center axis, the auxiliary flute surface being contiguous to the cutting edge, the auxiliary flute surface being recessed in a direction opposite to a rotation direction of the drill. An auxiliary cutting edge portion has a first end portion and a second end portion. When viewed in a direction along the center axis, a value obtained by dividing the maximum value of the diameter of the second main body portion by the diameter of the first main body portion is 1.5 or more.

Abstract: There is provided a method to manufacture a diffuser plate with better productivity and exhibiting an excellent diffusion property and having excellent durability with respect to light having large coherence, the microlens array diffuser plate including: a microlens group positioned on a surface of a transparent substrate. The diffuser plate includes two or more unit cells that are continuously set in array, the unit cell includes a plurality of microlenses positioned on the surface of the transparent substrate, and ridge lines between the microlenses adjacent to each other are nonparallel to each other, and are nonparallel to the transparent substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a wire grid polarization plate that has heat resistance and excellent polarization properties, and has durability even in a thin wire structure with a small pitch, and an optical apparatus and a manufacturing method of a polarization plate. A periodic lamellar structure is formed with a material forming arrangement by self-assembling performance, and then, is metallized, and thus, metal wires arranged at a small pitch are prepared, and the obtained wires are fixed by a dielectric material.

Abstract: This polarizer is a polarizer having a wire grid structure that includes a transparent substrate, a dielectric film which extends across one surface of the transparent substrate and has a lower refractive index than the transparent substrate, and a plurality of projections which extend in a first direction on top of the dielectric film and are arrayed periodically at a pitch that is shorter than the wavelength of the light in the used light region, wherein the transparent substrate has a thermal conductivity of at least 10 W/m·K but not more than 40 W/m·K, the plurality of projections each have, in order from the side closer to the dielectric film, a first dielectric layer, a reflective layer and a functional layer, the reflective layer contains a metal or a metal compound, and the functional layer is formed from a material different from the reflective layer.

Abstract: A polarizing plate includes a substrate and a plurality of projections which protrude with respect to the substrate, in which the plurality of projections are formed by periodically arraying projections extending in a first direction in plan view, each of the projections includes a reflective layer and a tip end portion, the tip end portion is arranged at a position further away from the substrate than the reflective layer, the tip end portion is continuously widened from a first end portion, which is a tip end, to a second end portion on a side close to the substrate in a first cut plane perpendicular to the substrate and the first direction, and a first surface of the tip end portion includes a continuous first curved surface.

Abstract: Provided are a polarizing plate having excellent optical properties and durability, and a method for manufacturing the polarizing plate. The polarizing plate includes: a transparent substrate transparent to light in a used wavelength band; lattice-shaped protrusions arranged on the transparent substrate at a pitch shorter than the wavelength of light in the used wavelength band, extending in a predetermined direction, and having a reflective layer, a first dielectric layer, an absorbing layer, and a second dielectric layer in this order; a dielectric portion consisting of a dielectric discontinuously formed on a surface of the lattice-shaped protrusions and a surface of a bottom floor between the lattice-shaped protrusions; and a water-repellent portion formed on a surface of the dielectric portion and having water-repellent properties.

Abstract: There is provided a method to manufacture a diffuser plate with better productivity and exhibiting an excellent diffusion property and having excellent durability with respect to light having large coherence, the microlens array diffuser plate including: a microlens group positioned on a surface of a transparent substrate. The diffuser plate includes two or more unit cells that are continuously set in array, the unit cell includes a plurality of microlenses positioned on the surface of the transparent substrate, and ridge lines between the microlenses adjacent to each other are nonparallel to each other, and are nonparallel to the transparent substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a method to manufacture a diffuser plate with better productivity and exhibiting an excellent diffusion property and having excellent durability with respect to light having large coherence, the microlens array diffuser plate including: a microlens group positioned on a surface of a transparent substrate. The diffuser plate includes two or more unit cells that are continuously set in array, the unit cell includes a plurality of microlenses positioned on the surface of the transparent substrate, and ridge lines between the microlenses adjacent to each other are nonparallel to each other, and are nonparallel to the transparent substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a polarizing plate that is a polarizing plate having a wire grid structure, and includes a transparent substrate and a plurality of protrusions that extend in a first direction on the transparent substrate and are periodically arranged at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light in a use band. Each of the protrusions includes a reflective layer, a multilayer film, and an optical property improving layer located between the reflective layer and the multilayer film. The optical property improving layer contains an oxide that contains a constituent element of which the reflective layer is composed. An etching rate of the optical property improving layer with respect to a chlorine-based gas is no less than 6.7 times and no more than 15 times an etching rate of the multilayer film.

Abstract: A polarizing plate includes a substrate and a plurality of projections which protrude with respect to the substrate, in which the plurality of projections are formed by periodically arraying projections extending in a first direction in plan view, each of the projections includes a reflective layer and a tip end portion, the tip end portion is arranged at a position further away from the substrate than the reflective layer, the tip end portion is continuously widened from a first end portion, which is a tip end, to a second end portion on a side close to the substrate in a first cut plane perpendicular to the substrate and the first direction, and a first surface of the tip end portion includes a continuous first curved surface.

Abstract: Provided are: a polarizing plate having high transmittance characteristics and suppressed reflected light, and a manufacturing method thereof; and an optical device provided with said polarizing plate. A polarizing plate (100) having a wire grid structure comprises: a transparent substrate (1); and grid-like projection portions (20) arranged on the transparent substrate at a pitch shorter than the wavelength of light in a used bandwidth and extending in a predetermined direction. The grid-like projection portions (20) each have a reflective layer (3) and a dielectric layer (4) in order from the transparent substrate (1) side, wherein when viewed from the predetermined direction, the reflective layer (3) has at least one step on the side thereof and has the largest bottom width on the transparent substrate (1) side.

Abstract: To provide a polarizing plate and an optical apparatus capable of improving durability while maintaining excellent optical characteristics. Provided is a polarizing plate 1 with a wire grid structure, including: a transparent substrate 10; and a grid-shaped convex portion 11 which is arranged on the transparent substrate 10 at a pitch P shorter than a wavelength of light of a use band, extends in a predetermined direction, and includes a reflection layer 12 formed of a light reflective material, wherein a surface of the grid-shaped convex portion 11 and a surface of a bottom surface portion of a groove formed between the grid-shaped convex portions 11 are provided with a protection film 20 which covers the surfaces thereof and the protection film 20 is formed by two kinds or more of protection films including an organic film formed of an organic material.

Abstract: Provided are a pattern formation method and a method for manufacturing a polarizing plate using the pattern formation method, the pattern formation method having: a step for forming, on a substrate, a linear guide pattern which is arranged at a predetermined pitch and is compatible with a portion of block chains of a block copolymer, and a neutral pattern embedded in the pattern of the guide pattern; a step for forming a layer including a block copolymer on the guide pattern and the neutral pattern; a step for heat-treating the layer including the block copolymer and forming a lamellar structure in which lamellar boundaries are arranged perpendicular to the substrate by microphase separation of the block copolymer; and a step for selectively removing a portion of the block chains of the block copolymer and thereby forming a line-and-space-shaped fine pattern having a smaller pitch than the guide pattern.

Abstract: Provided is a structural birefringence-type inorganic wave plate having excellent heat resistance and durability, and a fine pattern. Also provided is a manufacturing method for an inorganic wave plate by which, even in the case of a fine pattern, productivity is high, and a desired phase difference is easily achieved and stably obtained. This inorganic wave plate is obtained by utilizing a selective interaction between a polymer having a repeating unit containing a carbonyl group, and a metallic oxide precursor, the inorganic wave plate having a wire grid structure provided with a transparent substrate, and grid-shaped protruding portions arranged at a pitch shorter than the wavelength of light in a used band on at least one surface of the transparent substrate and extending in a predetermined direction, the main component of the grid-shaped protruding portion being a metallic oxide.

Abstract: This polarizer is a polarizer having a wire grid structure that includes a transparent substrate, a dielectric film which extends across one surface of the transparent substrate and has a lower refractive index than the transparent substrate, and a plurality of projections which extend in a first direction on top of the dielectric film and are arrayed periodically at a pitch that is shorter than the wavelength of the light in the used light region, wherein the transparent substrate has a thermal conductivity of at least 10 W/m·K but not more than 40 W/m·K, the plurality of projections each have, in order from the side closer to the dielectric film, a first dielectric layer, a reflective layer and a functional layer, the reflective layer contains a metal or a metal compound, and the functional layer is formed from a material different from the reflective layer.