Abstract: An amplifier circuit includes a pair of amplifying devices, a first balun coupled between an input port of the amplifier circuit and RF input ports of the pair of amplifying devices and a second balun coupled between RF output ports of the pair of amplifying devices and an output port of the amplifier circuit wherein the first and second baluns are configured such that the amplifier circuit operates under open condition for signals at a second harmonic frequency even when the second harmonic frequency is within an operating frequency band of a fundamental frequency of the amplifier circuit. In one embodiment, the amplifier circuit includes a bypass circuit which selectively couples balun ports to ground such that in response to a first control signal, the amplifier circuit operates in an amplifying mode and in response to a second control signal, the amplifier circuit operates in a bypass mode.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a water soluble bioadhesive that is curable by visible light irradiation. The present invention provides a visible light curable adhesive, which comprises a water soluble oxygen sensitizer that generates radicals under visible light irradiation and a water soluble polymer compound having a functional group that can be activated via singlet oxygen generated from the oxygen sensitizer under visible light irradiation.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing fullerene 1,3-dioxolane conveniently at high yield. Fullerene 1,3-dioxolane is manufactured by reacting a fullerene oxide and a carbonyl compound in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing fullerene 1,3-dioxolane conveniently at high yield. Fullerene 1,3-dioxolane is manufactured by reacting a fullerene oxide and a carbonyl compound in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: A fullerene epoxide denoted as C60O3, characterized by the presence of two epoxide groups in a single six-membered ring, and by the presence of one epoxide group in a six-membered ring adjacent to the six-membered ring in which said two epoxide groups are present or by the presence of one epoxide group in a six-membered ring one six-membered ring removed from the six-membered ring in which said two epoxide groups are present. The fullerene epoxide has three epoxide groups and has C1, C2, or Cs symmetry. A method of manufacturing fullerene epoxide comprising: separating a fraction containing only fullerene triepoxides-from a mixture of fullerene epoxides using silica gel, and separating the fraction containing only fullerene triepoxides thus obtained using a substance having p-p interaction to obtain fullerene epoxide according to any of claims 1 to 6. A method of separating fullerene epoxide characterized in that a fullerene epoxide mixture is separated using a substance having p-p interaction.

Abstract: A printed wiring board, a substrate for disposing semiconductor chips and a semiconductor device prepared by coating a substrate with a photosensitive resin composition comprising an oxygen sensitizer and a cis-diene-substituted polyamic acid or polyimide and forming fine patterns by exposure to radiation. Processes for producing a printed wiring board, a substrate for disposing semiconductor chips and a semiconductor device, which comprises coating a substrate with the photosensitive resin composition and forming fine patterns by crosslinking cis-diene by oxidation polycondensation with singlet oxygen generated by exposure of the oxygen sensitizer to radiation. The photosensitive resin composition is of the negative type and exhibits high sensitivity and high resolution. The photosensitive resin composition forms a resin layer having excellent heat resistance.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition comprising an oxygen sensitizer and a polyamic acid or a polyimide which has substituents having a cis-diene structure at the side chains; a printed wiring board, a substrate for disposing semiconductor chips and a semiconductor device prepared by coating the substrate with the composition and forming fine patterns by exposure of irradiation; and processes for producing a printed wiring board, a substrate for disposing semiconductor chips and a semiconductor device which comprise coating the substrate with the composition and forming fine patterns by crosslinking the cis-diene group by polycondensation with oxidation with the singlet oxygen generated by exposure of irradiation to the oxygen sensitizer in the presence of oxygen.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition comprising an oxygen sensitizer and a cis-diene-substituted polyamic acid or a polyimide. A printed wiring board, a substrate for disposing semiconductor chips and a semiconductor device prepared by coating a substrate with the photosensitive resin composition and forming fine patterns by exposure to radiation. Processes for producing a printed wiring board, a substrate for disposing semiconductor chips and a semiconductor device, which comprise coating a substrate with the photosensitive resin composition and forming fine patterns by crosslinking cis-diene by oxidation polycondensation with singlet oxygen generated by exposure of the oxygen sensitizer to radiation. The photosensitive resin composition is of the negative type and exhibits high sensitivity and high resolution. The photosensitive resin composition can form a resin layer having excellent heat resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed are a photosensitive resin composition containing a fullerene and a polymer compound bearing a functional group which can react with the fullerene under irradiation of visible light; method for forming negative-type picture elements comprising steps of: forming a layer composed of the above composition, irradiating the layer with visible light through a photo mask having a pattern transmitting the visible light as a part of the mask to cure portions of the layer irradiated by the visible light, and removing uncured portions of the layer to form a resist film having cured portions of the pattern: and a method for producing devices comprising steps of: forming a layer of the above composition on an image-forming layer provided on a substrate, irradiating the layer with visible light through a photo mask having a pattern transmitting the visible light as a part of the mask to cure portions of the layer irradiated by the visible light, removing uncured portions of the layer to form a resist film having

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive composition which comprises (A) a binder polymer which is a copolymer comprising (A-1) a monomer containing an alcoholic hydroxyl group, (A-2) a macromonomer, and (A-3) other monomer copolymerizable with the above monomers; (B) a pigment, and (C) a radiation-sensitive compound. This radiation-sensitive composition is suited as a color-dispersed composition for a color filter which does not cause surface soiling and which has an excellent adhesion of a formed pixel to a glass substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pigment dispersed color-filter composition containing a binder polymer such as an alkali-soluble block copolymer; a radiation-sensitive compound; and a pigment. The pigment-dispersed color-filter composition which further contains an organic medium, or an organic medium and a carboxylic acid is also provided.

Abstract: A switchable, dual channel frequency converter is provided. The converter includes a semiconductor body having formed as a monolithic microwave integrated circuit: a pair of input signal channels; a pair of output signal channels; and, a mixer and multiplexer means, disposed between the pair of input signal channels and the pair of output signal channels, for converting the frequency of signals fed to the pair of input signal channels to a different frequency and for directing the frequency converted signals to the pair of output signal channels selectively in accordance with a control signal. The mixer and multiplexer means includes: a pair of mixers coupled to the pair of input signal channels and a common local oscillator signal; and a multiplexer network. The mixers covert the radio frequency of the signals in the pair of input signal channels into a corresponding pair of intermediate frequency signal channels.

Abstract: A power combiner which maintains substantially constant power combining efficiency with variable output power includes a set of unit amplifiers that are coupled by the power combiner. The power combiner includes a first plurality of a quarter wavelength transmission line sections coupled to the output of each unit amplifier. The second end of each one of the first plurality of quarter wavelength transmission line sections are successively coupled by a corresponding second plurality of quarter wavelength transmission line sections, with the succeeding or last one of said unit amplifiers having its quarter wavelength transmission line section coupled to an output terminal. The power combiner permits unit amplifiers in the amplifier module to be switched off in succession as less output power is required while maintaining substantially constant power combining efficiency, and hence substantially constant D.C. to r.f. conversion efficiency.

Abstract: Transversal and recursive filters having an input propagation lumped element network with a band pass filter response, a low pass filter response, or a high pass filter response, and an output propagation network having a low pass frequency response, a high pass frequency response, or a band pass frequency response are described. Weighting means including a plurality of field effect transistors are used to successively couple the input propagation network and the output propagation network. The general shape or response of the transversal filter is provided by choosing the characteristics of the input and output propagation networks in relation to the desired filter response. With the general shape provided by the propagation networks rather than only by the transversal elements, fewer transversal elements are required to provide a desired response.

Abstract: A radio frequency matrix amplifier includes an input propagation network for successively connecting input electrodes of a first plurality of transistors. Output electrodes are successively coupled by an intermediate propagation network. The amplifier also includes a second plurality of transistors, having input electrodes successively coupled by the intermediate propagation network and output electrodes successively coupled by an output propagation network. A bias circuit for the amplifier includes an inductor connected between a last one of the second plurality of transistors and the intermediate propagation network and a plurality of capacitors disposed to connect reference electrodes of the second plurality of transistors to a reference potential. With this arrangement stages are connected in series for D.C. potentials and in cascade for r.f. potentials.

Abstract: A programmable attenuator includes a plurality of field effect transistors (FETS) arranged together to provide an attenuation network. Each one of the FETS has a plurality of cell portions, each cell portion having drain, gate and source regions, the source and drain regions of the cell portions being connected in parallel. A first selected portion of the gate regions of each one of said FETS is connected to a gate electrode. A second selected remaining portion of the gate regions of each one of the FETS has the gate regions thereof physically isolated from the gate electrode. A signal fed to the gate electrode of each FET is distributed to the connected gate regions of each field effect transistor. In response to such signal, the total drain-source resistance of such FET is changed between a predetermined low value and a predetermined high value, with the resistance of the predetermined high value being determined, in part, by the number of such isolated gate regions.

Abstract: A radio frequency circuit having at least one output terminal includes a plurality of non-linear elements, each having an output electrode. Means are provided for feeding at least one input signal to each one of the non-linear elements. The feeding means includes an electrical pathlength including at least one two port phase shifting element fed by at least the input signal, for providing a plurality of signal portions, each one fed to a corresponding one of the plurality of non-linear elements. These signal portions have a successively increasing phase shift related to the electrical pathlength of the two port phase shifting elements. The output electrodes of each non-linear element are interconnected by an input coupling means including at least one, different, two port phase shifting element, for successively electrically interconnecting the output electrode of each non-linear element.

Abstract: A programmable attenuator includes a plurality of field effect transistors (FETS) arranged together to provide an attenuation network. Each one of the FETS has a plurality of cell portions, each cell portion having drain, gate and source regions, the source and drain regions of the cell portions being connected in parallel. A first selected portion of the gate regions of each one of said FETS is connected to a gate electrode. A second selected remaining portion of the gate regions of each one of the FETS has the gate regions thereof isolated from the gate electrode. A signal fed to the gate electrode of each FET is distributed to the connected gate regions of each field effect transistor. In response to such signal, the total drain-source resistance of such FET is changed between a predetermined low value and a predetermined high value, with the resistance of the predetermined high value being determined, in part, by the number of such isolated gate regions.

Abstract: A frequency conversion circuit having first and second input signal terminals, and first and second output terminals includes a plurality of non-linear elements, each one having a pair of input electrodes and an output electrode. The first input electrode of each non-linear element is successively interconnected by a two port input coupling means, said input coupling means having a first end coupled to the first input signal terminal and a second end terminated in a terminating impedance. The output electrode of each non-linear device is successively interconnected by a two port output coupling means coupled between the pair of output terminals. An input signal is fed to the first input signal terminal and is coupled to the input coupling means and a portion of such signal is fed to the first input electrode of each non-linear device. Each portion of the input signal is provided with a successive phase shift as it propagates along the input coupling means.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pigment dispersed color-filter composition containing a binder polymer such as an alkali-soluble block copolymer; a radiation-sensitive compound; and a pigment. The pigment-dispersed color-filter composition which further contains an organic medium, or an organic medium and a carboxylic acid is also provided.