Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block that includes a space part formed in a columnar shape; a cylinder liner that is formed in a cylindrical shape and that is disposed in the space part; a piston that is movably supported in an axial direction by the cylinder liner; a cylinder head that is fastened to the top of the cylinder block; and a gasket that is disposed between the cylinder block and the cylinder head and between the cylinder liner and the cylinder head. A contact area between the cylinder liner and the gasket and a contact area between the cylinder head and the gasket are the same.

Abstract: A medical simulator 10 for use in a practical training of a medical action includes a robot body 11 formed by imitating a whole body of a human being as a patient. The medical simulator 10 is configured to, when a trainee performs a simulated medical action on the robot body 11, selectively reproduce, by the robot body 11, a reaction and a motion of the patient that are expected to occur before a start of, in a middle of, and after an end of a real medical action.