Abstract: The virus test device encompasses a pseudo-receptor film having pseudo-receptors mimicking a structure of a host-cell receptor, which binds specifically to a target virus, a virus introducing-tube for sucking down an air-under-test (AUT) containing the target viruses, to compress the AUT into a high-speed air-flow of aerosols-under-test, concentrating the target viruses contained in the AUT, and to eject the high-speed air-flow to the pseudo-receptor film, a signal conditioner for converting physical signals, which represent alterations of physical states of the pseudo-receptor film ascribable to specific bindings of the pseudo-receptors with the target viruses, to electric signals.

Abstract: System and method for measuring a gas concentration are provided. A ball sensor generates a collimated beam of a surface acoustic wave including fundamental wave of first frequency and harmonic wave of second frequency, which propagates through a orbital path on piezoelectric ball while passing through sensitive film to adsorb a target gas. Temperature control unit controls ball temperature of the ball sensor. Signal processing unit transmits a burst signal to sensor electrode of the ball sensor to excite the collimated beam, receives burst signals after the collimated beam has propagated a predetermined number of turns around the piezoelectric ball, and calculates the gas concentration and the ball temperature by first and second relative changes in delay times of the first and second frequencies, respectively, using waveform data of the burst signals.

Abstract: A collimated beam (23) of a surface acoustic wave propagates on a piezoelectric substrate (22) while passing through sensitive film (25) to adsorb a sensing gas. Signal processing unit (40) transmits an exciting burst signal to sensor electrode (24) to excite the collimated beam (23), receives first and second returned burst signals after the collimated beam (23) has propagated, and calculates a target gas parameter by a target leakage factor of the background gas and a relation between reference gas parameters and reference leakage factors of reference gases, the leakage factor is provided by first and second attenuations of the first and second returned burst signals, respectively, using waveform data of the first and second returned burst signals.

Abstract: A standard-moisture generator includes a flow controller configured to control a flow of a gas, a dryer connected to the flow controller, configured to absorb water molecules in the gas and to generate a dry gas having a background moisture, a moisture cell connected to the dryer, configured to add an object moisture to the dry gas, and a delay member connected to the moisture cell, configured to pass the dry gas with a delay time depending on a concentration of the background moisture in the dry gas.

Abstract: A system for calibrating a moisture sensor encompasses a processing unit (341). The processing unit (341) includes a reference data obtaining LCKT (345), a subject data obtaining LCKT (346) and a relationship calculating LCKT (347). The reference data obtaining LCKT (345) obtains reference data, after injecting water-vapor with known concentrations into an analyzer. The subject data obtaining LCKT (346) measures subject data indicating temporal variation of output-responses of a subject sensor element of the analyzer under test. The relationship calculating LCKT (347) compares the subject data with the reference data, and calculates relationships between the output-responses of the subject sensor element and the known concentrations.

Abstract: A standard-moisture generator includes a flow controller configured to control a flow of a gas, a dryer connected to the flow controller, configured to absorb water molecules in the gas and to generate a dry gas having a background moisture, a moisture cell connected to the dryer, configured to add an object moisture to the dry gas, and a delay member connected to the moisture cell, configured to pass the dry gas with a delay time depending on a concentration of the background moisture in the dry gas.

Abstract: A collimated beam (23) of a surface acoustic wave propagates on a piezoelectric substrate (22) while passing through sensitive film (25) to adsorb a sensing gas. Signal processing unit (40) transmits an exciting burst signal to sensor electrode (24) to excite the collimated beam (23), receives first and second returned burst signals after the collimated beam (23) has propagated, and calculates a target gas parameter by a target leakage factor of the background gas and a relation between reference gas parameters and reference leakage factors of reference gases, the leakage factor is provided by first and second attenuations of the first and second returned burst signals, respectively, using waveform data of the first and second returned burst signals.

Abstract: System and method for measuring a gas concentration are provided. A ball sensor generates a collimated beam of a surface acoustic wave including fundamental wave of first frequency and harmonic wave of second frequency, which propagates through a orbital path on piezoelectric ball while passing through sensitive film to adsorb a target gas. Temperature control unit controls ball temperature of the ball sensor. Signal processing unit transmits a burst signal to sensor electrode of the ball sensor to excite the collimated beam, receives burst signals after the collimated beam has propagated a predetermined number of turns around the piezoelectric ball, and calculates the gas concentration and the ball temperature by first and second relative changes in delay times of the first and second frequencies, respectively, using waveform data of the burst signals.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave element includes a single crystal base which has an annular surface formed by at least one portion of a spherical surface, and an exciting unit which excites a surface acoustic wave propagating along the annular surface. An electric signal processing apparatus includes the surface acoustic wave element, an input portion which inputs a predetermined signal to the exciting unit so that the wave is excited, a detecting unit which detects the propagating wave, and an output portion which outputs a signal corresponding to the wave detected by the detecting unit. An environment evaluating apparatus includes the processing apparatus, and a processing portion which evaluates an environment around the base, based on at least one of a frequency of the signal outputted by the processing apparatus, an intensity thereof, and time elapsing from a signal input time to a signal output time from the processing apparatus.

Abstract: A method of measuring the rate of transmission of a vapor through a test sample using a mass spectrometer. The test sample is sealed to a gas cell defining a gas chamber, covering an opening in the gas chamber. A droplet of water including isotopes of mass number placed in the gas chamber and the gas cell is introduced into a vacuum chamber adjacent a mass spectrometer. After a sufficient time for evaporation of the liquid to saturate the gas chamber with vapor and for the output of the mass spectrometer to stabilize, the partial pressure of vapor in the vacuum chamber is measured using the mass spectrometer. The measure partial pressure is used to derive the rate of transmission of the vapor through the test sample.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave element includes a single crystal base which has an annular surface formed by at least one portion of a spherical surface, and an exciting unit which excites a surface acoustic wave propagating along the annular surface. An electric signal processing apparatus includes the surface acoustic wave element, an input portion which inputs a predetermined signal to the exciting unit so that the wave is excited, a detecting unit which detects the propagating wave, and an output portion which outputs a signal corresponding to the wave detected by the detecting unit. An environment evaluating apparatus includes the processing apparatus, and a processing portion which evaluates an environment around the base, based on at least one of a frequency of the signal outputted by the processing apparatus, an intensity thereof, and time elapsing from a signal input time to a signal output time from the processing apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an elastic surface-wave device, and more particularly to an elastic surface-wave device of a greatly increased performance, compared with a prior art elastic surface-wave device, and which is compact. The elastic surface-wave device includes a substrate including a surface having a region which is formed by at least a part of a spherical surface and is circularly continuous, and a surface acoustic wave generator which is provided in the surface region of the substrate and generates surface acoustic waves propagating in a continuous direction of the surface region. The surface acoustic wave generator generates surface acoustic waves in such a manner these waves can propagate only in the continuous direction without being diffused in a direction crossing the continuous direction along the surface region.

Abstract: A layer comprising a polymer such as polyethylene terphthalate (PET) in an amorphous form is deposited on a surface of a substrate comprising a polymer such as PET. The amorphous layer improves the surface properties of the substrate, for example by assisting the deposition of further layers. The amorphous layer is deposited using a method in which a solution of PET is deposited on the surface of the substrate that is moved, e.g., by rotation, at a speed sufficient to spread the solution and evaporate the solvent.

Abstract: A method of measuring the rate of transmission of a vapor through a test sample using a mass spectrometer. The test sample is sealed to a gas cell defining a gas chamber, covering an opening in the gas chamber. A droplet of water including isotopes of mass number placed in the gas chamber and the gas cell is introduced into a vacuum chamber adjacent a mass spectrometer. After a sufficient time for evaporation of the liquid to saturate the gas chamber with vapor and for the output of the mass spectrometer to stabilize, the partial pressure of vapor in the vacuum chamber is measured using the mass spectrometer. The measure partial pressure is used to derive the rate of transmission of the vapor through the test sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an elastic surface-wave device, and more particularly to an elastic surface-wave device of a greatly increased performance, compared with a prior art elastic surface-wave device, and which is compact. The elastic surface-wave device includes a substrate including a surface having a region which is formed by at least a part of a spherical surface and is circularly continuous, and a surface acoustic wave generator which is provided in the surface region of the substrate and generates surface acoustic waves propagating in a continuous direction of the surface region. The surface acoustic wave generator generates surface acoustic waves in such a manner these waves can propagate only in the continuous direction without being diffused in a direction crossing the continuous direction along the surface region.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for exciting acoustic waves, the surface of an object is irradiated with coherent parallel energy beams and coherent focusing energy beams which have different frequencies in such a manner that they overlap each other to generate interference fringes (concentric circles) propagating from outside to the inside at propagation speed which is higher than a specific acoustic speed of the object. The acoustic waves are excited in accordance with distortion distribution generated in the surface of the object attributable to the photo-thermal effect of the interference fringes, the acoustic waves being focused to a small region in the object, the position of which is determined by the specific acoustic speed of the object and the propagation speed of the interference fringes.

Abstract: An ultrasonic sensor for use in an ultrasonic micro spectrometer includes a concave surface transducer having a concave ultrasonic wave transmitting/receiving surface and a plane transducer having a plane transmitting/receiving surface. The concave surface transducer is capable of transmitting converging ultrasonic waves toward a specimen, wherein the waves are reflected from the surface of the specimen and are received by the plane transducer which outputs electric signals corresponding to the intensity of the reflected ultrasonic waves. Based on a signal output from the ultrasonic sensor, a digital oscilloscope and FFT analyzer forms a distribution of spectral intensity indicating the intensity of the reflected wave as a function of frequency. The digital oscilloscope and FFT analyzer further forms a distribution of spectral phase indicating the spectral phase of the reflected waves as a function of frequency.

Abstract: Various ultrasonic transducer assemblies are disclosed in which each assembly includes a pair of ultrasonic transducers for emitting or receiving an ultrasonic wave, respectively, and wherein the ultrasonic transducers include a concave shaped ultrasonic transducer and a flat shaped ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic transducer assemblies realize excellent magnitude of accuracy, resolving power, versatility and simplicity in handling. In addition, various ultrasonic acoustic microscopes are disclosed incorporating the aforementioned ultrasonic transducer assemblies and realizing the same results thereof.

Abstract: A speech analysis apparatus according to the invention, comprising a transforming section for receiving a spectrum envelope, for transforming the spectrum envelope such magnitude data thereof becomes suitable, and for generating a transformed spectrum envelope, an integrator for receiving the transformed spectrum envelope output from the transforming section, for integrating the input spectrum envelope with respect to a predetermined variable, and for outputting an integrated spectrum envelope, and a projection circuit for receiving the transformed spectrum envelope from the transform circuit and the integrated spectrum envelope from the integrator, and for projecting the spectrum envelope with respect to the integrated data. Therefore, the analysis result inherent to the phoneme can be obtained regardless of vocal tract lengths. The spectrum envelope to be projected can be integrated by the integrator, along the frequency axis or the mel axis.