Abstract: A gas sensor includes a sensor element and a controller. The sensor element includes an element body provided with a measurement-object gas flow section therein, a measurement electrode disposed in the measurement-object gas flow section, an outer pump electrode provided in the element body so that the outer pump electrode comes into contact with a measurement-object gas, a reference electrode, a reference-gas introduction section that causes a reference gas to flow to the reference electrode, and a reference-gas adjustment pump cell constituted by including the outer pump electrode and the reference electrode. The controller performs a moisture-absorption-state diagnosis process of diagnosing a moisture absorption state around the reference electrode based on a pump current flowing through the reference-gas adjustment pump cell when the reference-gas adjustment pump cell is controlled to pump out oxygen from a periphery of the reference electrode to a periphery of the outer pump electrode.

Abstract: An endless belt includes a base material layer, the base material layer containing a polymer material and conductive particles, wherein in a section of the base material layer in a thickness direction, the conductive particles have an area ratio of 9.0% or more and 14.5% or less, an average value of areas of Delaunay triangles taking centers of gravity of the conductive particles as vertices is 0.10 ?m2 or more and 0.90 ?m2 or less, and a standard deviation of the areas is 0.010 ?m2 or more and 0.080 ?m2 or less.

Abstract: A casing of a gas sensor having a reference gas space therein includes: an outer tube into which an end portion of a sensor element protrudes; and a seal member fit into an end portion of the outer tube to seal the reference gas space, the sensor element includes: a first electrode lead portion including a first electrode lead to electrically connect an outside and at least one out-of-space pump electrode and a first lead insulating layer covering the first electrode lead; and a second electrode lead portion including a second electrode lead that can electrically connect the outside and a measurement electrode and a second lead insulating layer covering the second electrode lead, and A/B<1.00, where A (cm?1) is diffusion resistance of the first electrode lead portion, B (cm?1) is diffusion resistance of the second electrode lead portion.

Abstract: A belt cleaning blade has a contact part that is brought into contact with at least a surface of a belt which is a member to be cleaned, in which the contact part is configured of polyurethane rubber containing a hard segment and a soft segment, and in a surface of the contact part, a proportion HX occupied by domains of the hard segment is 15.2% or more and 26.1% or less, and a proportion HY occupied by an area of the domains of the hard segment having an area of 200 nm2 or more and 1,000 nm2 or less to a total area of the domains of the hard segment in the surface is 38.9% or more and 60.8% or less.

Abstract: A sensor element includes a base part including a plurality of oxygen-ion-conductive solid electrolyte layers stacked; a measurement-object gas flow part for introduction and flow of a measurement-object gas through one end part in a longitudinal direction of the base part; a main pump cell including an inner main pump electrode disposed on an inner surface of the measurement-object gas flow part, and an outer pump electrode; a target-gas-decomposing pump cell including a target-gas-decomposing pump electrode disposed at a position farther from the one end part than the inner main pump electrode, and an outer pump electrode; a residual-oxygen-measuring pump cell including a residual-oxygen-measuring electrode disposed at a position farther from the one end part than the inner main pump electrode, and an outer pump electrode; and a reference electrode. The target-gas-decomposing pump electrode comprises a metal material that has catalytic activity of decomposing a target gas to be measured.

Abstract: A sensor element includes: a base part containing an oxygen-ion conductive solid electrolyte as a constituent material; at least one internal space into which a measurement gas is introduced; and at least one pump cell including an internal electrode disposed to face the internal space, an out-of-space pump electrode disposed at a location other than the internal space, and a portion of the base part located between these electrodes, the internal electrode includes a noble metal, the solid electrolyte, and a pore, and, in the internal electrode, a degree of variation of a boundary of a first region formed of the base part or the solid electrolyte contiguous with the base part and a second region occupied by the noble metal and the pore in a thickness direction of the element is 0.5 ?m or more and 6.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: A sensor element includes a base part containing a solid electrolyte as a constituent material; at least one internal space into which a measurement gas is introduced; and at least one pump cell including an internal space electrode disposed to face the internal space, an out-of-space pump electrode disposed at a location other than the internal space, and a portion of the base part located between these electrodes, the internal space electrode includes a noble metal, the solid electrolyte, and a pore, and, in the internal space electrode, a ratio of a length of a boundary of a first region formed of the base part or the solid electrolyte contiguous with the base part and a second region occupied by the noble metal and the pore to a length of a boundary of the solid electrolyte and the internal space electrode is 1.1 or more.

Abstract: A gas sensor element includes an element body including an oxygen-ion-conductive solid electrolyte layer; and a protective layer that covers at least part of the element body, and has a thermal conductivity ratio R of 1.6 or higher, the thermal conductivity ratio R (=?s/?t) being a surface direction thermal conductivity ?s [W/m K] to a thickness direction thermal conductivity ?t [W/m K].

Abstract: A particle material that has high dispersibility in a dispersion medium such as toluene having high hydrophobicity, and a slurry composition in which the particle material is used, are provided for solving the problem. A surface-modified particle material of the present invention includes: a particle material formed of an inorganic material; and a surface treatment agent formed of a silane compound having a first functional group that has any of C, N, and O atoms away over five or more atoms from Si to which an alkoxide is bound, the surface treatment agent allowing surface treatment of the particle material in such an amount that a degree of hydrophobicity becomes not less than 30%. Dispersibility is enhanced also in a dispersion medium having high hydrophobicity in a case where a functional group having a predetermined structure is introduced so as to impart predetermined or higher hydrophobicity.

Abstract: A gas sensor has a sensor element, first element pads, second element pads, first contact-point members, and second contact-point members. The sensor element has first and second surfaces that are positioned on opposite sides in a first direction. The first element pads are disposed on the first surface. The second element pads are disposed on the second surface in a quantity greater than that of the first element pads. The first and second contact-point members are connected to the first and second element pads, respectively. The width (Wt) of at least one of the second contact-point members is less than the widths (Wa-Wd) of the rest of the first and second contact-point members.

Abstract: A controller of the gas sensor can perform diagnostic processing of diagnosing a situation of control to the gas sensor in a case that the gas sensor in an operation state is determined to satisfy a predetermined diagnostic condition and adjustment processing of adjusting a condition for controlling the gas sensor in accordance with a result of diagnosis. In the diagnostic processing, a main pump voltage and a diagnostic threshold as a value of a voltage not causing decomposition of NOx in the main pump cell are compared. In the adjustment processing, temperature adjustment processing to cause, in a case that the main pump voltage is diagnosed to be equal to the threshold or more, the main pump voltage to be less than the threshold, at least in a way that the heater part increases the element driving temperature in the operation state by a predetermined increase amount is performed.

Abstract: A sensor element includes: an element base including a gas distribution part communicating from a gas inlet; and a leading-end protective layer including an inner layer covering an end portion and four side surfaces of the element base and an outer layer covering the inner layer and having a lower porosity than the inner layer, and a total thickness representative value, defined as an average of total thicknesses of the protective layer at a plurality of positions including a starting point, an intermediate position, and an innermost end of the gas distribution part, is 250 ?m or more, and a film thickness variation degree, defined as a ratio of a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the total thicknesses with respect to the total thickness representative value when the value is based at 100, is 20 or less.

Abstract: A belt cleaning blade has a contact site that comes into contact with at least a surface of a belt which is a member to be cleaned, in which the contact site is configured with polyurethane rubber including hard segments and soft segments, and in a cross section of the contact site, a ratio X of domains of the hard segments to a total area of the cross section is 14.9% or more and 25.1% or less, and a ratio Y of an area of domains of the hard segments having an area of 200 nm2 or more and 1,000 nm2 or less to a total area of the domains of the hard segments in the cross section is 17.8% or more and 46.5% or less.

Abstract: A clip that fixes a ceiling joist intersecting a ceiling joist receiver to the ceiling joist receiver, includes: a top portion having a width of the ceiling joist receiver; a first hanging portion hanging down from one end of the top portion, and provided with, at a lower portion, first engaging projections extending left and right to engage the ceiling joist; and a second hanging portion hanging down from another end of the top portion, and provided with, at a lower portion, second engaging projections extending left and right to lock the ceiling joist. The first hanging portion has a length longer than that of the second hanging portion, and a recess extending in a direction toward the second hanging portion is provided at an intermediate position of the first hanging portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photoconductor, a charging section that charges a surface of the photoconductor, an electrostatic charge image forming section that forms an electrostatic charge image on the charged surface of the photoconductor, a developing section that accommodates a developer containing a toner and develops the electrostatic charge image formed on the surface of the photoconductor by using the developer to form a toner image, a transfer section that includes an endless belt and transfers the toner image to a recording medium; and a cleaning section that includes a cleaning blade that comes into contact with a surface of the endless belt and performs cleaning of the surface of the endless belt with the cleaning blade, in which a dynamic friction coefficient ? between the endless belt and the cleaning blade is 0.10 or more and 0.

Abstract: In a sensor element for a limiting-current type gas sensor measuring concentration of NOx in a measurement gas, an inner pump electrode located to face a first internal space communicating with a gas inlet through which the measurement gas is introduced from an external space under predetermined diffusion resistance is made of a cermet of a Pt—Au alloy and zirconia, and the inner pump electrode is located, from among surfaces defining the first internal space, at least on a surface farthest from a heater part in a thickness direction of the element, and is not located on a surface closest to the heater part in the thickness direction.

Abstract: A sensor element includes an element body provided with a measurement-object gas flow section therein; a measurement electrode disposed in the measurement-object gas flow section; a measurement-object-gas side electrode disposed on the element body; a reference electrode disposed inside the element body; and a reference-gas introduction section having a reference-gas introduction space and a porous reference-gas introduction layer, the reference-gas introduction space introducing a reference gas into the element body, the porous reference-gas introduction layer causing the reference gas to flow from the reference-gas introduction space to the reference electrode. Limiting current A as a limiting current when oxygen is pumped out from a periphery of the reference electrode to a periphery of the measurement-object-gas side electrode is 30 ?A or lower, A×Ra as a product of a diffusion resistance Ra [/mm] of the reference-gas introduction space and the limiting current A is 50,000 or smaller.

Abstract: Provided is artificial leather that combines good texture, high wear resistance, and a high-quality appearance without the addition of polyurethane resin. Artificial leather that includes at least a surface fiber layer constituting a first surface, the artificial leather being characterized by the following: the surface fiber layer includes main fibers and a thermoplastic resin; the main fibers have a fineness of 0.01 dtex to 0.

Abstract: An information processing device includes a display and a second controller that causes the display to display an edit screen including a first image edit area and a second image edit area for receiving an edit to an image. The second controller causes a stair image, which resembles the shape of a media tray to be inserted into a printing device, to be displayed as a background image of the edit screen. Images displayed in the first image edit area and the second image edit area are associated with images to be printed on a plurality of print media loaded in the media tray, the association being based on the location of the stair image relative to the first image edit area and the second image edit area.

Abstract: In a gas sensor, oxygen pumping control is performed to pump oxygen from the surroundings of an outer side pump electrode into the surroundings of a reference electrode. In addition, during execution of the oxygen pumping control, a pump current Ip2 is measured when oxygen originating from NOx is pumped out from the surroundings of a measurement electrode so that a voltage V2 reaches a target voltage V2*. Then, the NOx concentration of a measurement-object gas is calculated based on Ip2. In the gas sensor, the NOx concentration is corrected based on DVref which is the difference between Vref1 and Vref2, wherein Vref1 is the voltage across the reference electrode and the outer side pump electrode when the oxygen pumping control is not performed, and Vref2 is the voltage across the reference electrode and the outer side pump electrode when the oxygen pumping control is performed.