Abstract: The present disclosure is intended to reduce the occurrence of breakdown of a line facility due to variation between an agreement result and electric power actually flowing through a line. An electric power agreement system includes: an agreement result calculation unit that calculates an agreement result about each customer; a flow achievement calculation unit that calculates a flow achievement for the line facility individually; a flow plan calculation unit that calculates as the flow plan for the line facility individually; a risk calculation unit that calculates a variation of the flow achievement from the flow plan assumed in the future as a risk for the line facility individually on the basis of a variation of the flow achievement from the flow plan in the past; and a line constraint evaluation unit that determines for the line facility individually whether a risk-considered flow plan fulfills line constraint.

Abstract: An organic semiconductor device with low driving voltage is provided. The light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and an EL layer between the anode and the cathode. The EL layer includes a hole-transport layer and alight-emitting layer. The hole-transport layer is positioned between the anode and the light-emitting layer. The hole-transport layer is not in contact with the anode. The hole-transport layer includes a transport layer material for a light-emitting device and the GSP_slope that is a potential gradient of a surface potential of an evaporated film of the material is higher than or equal to 20 (mV/nm).

Abstract: An organic compound having a hole-transport property and a low refractive index is provided. An organic compound represented by General Formula (G1) is provided. In the formula, Ar12 represents an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms in a ring and includes at least one branched-chain or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms. The total number of carbon atoms of the branched-chain or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms in Ar12 is 6 to 36. Ar11 and Ar21 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 13 carbon atoms in a ring. Ar22 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms in a ring. In addition, n and m each independently represent an integer of 0 or 1. Ar1 represents a phenyl group including at least one alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Ar2 represents a phenyl group including at least one alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An organic compound having a hole-transport property and a low refractive index is provided. An organic compound represented by General Formula (G1) shown below is provided. In General Formula (G1), Ar1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 13 carbon atoms in a ring, n represents an integer of 0 or 1, and Ar2 represents an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms in a ring and includes at least one branched-chain or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms. The total number of carbon atoms of the branched-chain or cyclic alkyl group in Ar2 is more than or equal to 6. R1 to R4 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. R11 to R14 and R21 to R24 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Any one of R15 to R18 and any one of R25 to R28 each represent a bond directly bonded to a nitrogen atom, and the others each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A light-emitting device with high emission efficiency is provided. The light-emitting device includes an EL layer and a light-transmitting electrode. The EL layer includes a light-emitting layer and a low refractive index layer. The low refractive index layer is positioned between the light-emitting layer and the light-transmitting electrode. A cap layer is in contact with a surface of the light-transmitting electrode on the side opposite to the EL layer. The cap layer includes a high refractive index material having an ordinary refractive index of higher than or equal to 1.90 and lower than or equal to 2.40 and an ordinary extinction coefficient of higher than or equal to 0 and lower than or equal to 0.01. The low refractive index layer includes a low refractive index material having an ordinary refractive index of higher than or equal to 1.60 and lower than or equal to 1.70.

Abstract: To provide a light-emitting device not only including a light-emitting layer in which energy is efficiently transferred from a host material to a guest material but also having high reliability. In the light-emitting device, the light-emitting layer includes an organic compound having a specific naphthofuropyrazine skeleton as a host material and a light-emitting substance (e.g., an organometallic complex) whose T1 level (TG) is within a certain range as a guest material, thereby increasing not only the efficiency of energy transfer from the host material to the guest material but also the reliability.

Abstract: A light-emitting device with high emission efficiency is provided. The light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an EL layer positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode. The EL layer includes at least a light-emitting layer, a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer. The first layer is positioned between the first electrode and the light-emitting layer. The third layer is positioned between the first layer and the light-emitting layer. The second layer is positioned between the first layer and the third layer. The first layer includes a first organic compound. The second layer includes a second organic compound. The third layer includes a third organic compound. The ordinary refractive index of the second organic compound is higher than the ordinary refractive indices of the first organic compound and the third organic compound.

Abstract: An electron-transport layer material with a low refractive index is provided. An organic compound represented by General Formula (G1) is provided. In General Formula (G1), one to three of Q1 to Q3 represent N and when one or two of Q1 to Q3 represent N, the remaining two or one of Q1 to Q3 represent CH. Furthermore, R0 represents any of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alicyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and a group represented by Formula (G1-1). At least one of R1 to R15 represents a substituted or unsubstituted group including any one of a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, and a triazinyl group, and the others each independently represent any of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alicyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms forming a ring, and a substituted or unsubstituted pyridinyl group.

Abstract: An organic semiconductor device with low driving voltage is provided. The organic semiconductor device includes a layer containing an organic compound between a pair of electrodes. The layer containing an organic compound includes a hole-transport region. The hole-transport region includes a first layer and a second layer. The first layer is positioned between the anode and the second layer. When a potential gradient of a surface potential of an evaporated film is set as GSP (mV/nm), a value obtained by subtracting GSP of an organic compound in the second layer from GSP of an organic compound in the first layer is less than or equal to 20 (mV/nm).

Abstract: A novel light-emitting device, a novel light-emitting apparatus, a novel electronic device, a novel display device, and a novel lighting device which are highly convenient, useful, or reliable are provided. The light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a first layer, and a second layer. The second electrode includes a region overlapping with the first electrode, the first layer includes a region sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first layer includes a light-emitting material, the light-emitting material has a function of emitting photoluminescent light in a solution, the photoluminescent light has a first spectrum, the first spectrum has a maximum peak at a wavelength ?1, and the wavelength ?1 is in the range greater than or equal to 440 nm and less than or equal to 470 nm.

Abstract: A benzofuropyrimidine derivative or benzothienopyrimidine derivative that is a novel organic compound is provided. An organic compound represented by General Formula (G1) below. Q represents oxygen or sulfur. Ar1, Ar2, Ar3, and Ar4 each independently represent an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, and the number of carbon atoms included in the aromatic hydrocarbon ring is 6 to 25. m and n are each 0 or 1. A is a group having 12 to 100 carbon atoms in total and includes one or more of a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a fluorene ring, a phenanthrene ring, a triphenylene ring, a heteroaromatic ring including a dibenzothiophene ring, a heteroaromatic ring including a dibenzofuran ring, a heteroaromatic ring including a carbazole ring, a benzimidazole ring, and a triphenylamine structure.

Abstract: A light-emitting device with high emission efficiency is provided. The light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and an EL layer positioned between the anode and the cathode. The EL layer includes a light-emitting layer and an electron-transport layer; the light-emitting layer includes a light-emitting material; the electron-transport layer includes an organic compound having an electron-transport property and a metal complex of an alkali metal; the ordinary refractive index of the organic compound having an electron-transport property in a peak wavelength of light emitted from the light-emitting material is greater than or equal to 1.50 and less than or equal to 1.75; and the ordinary refractive index of the metal complex of an alkali metal in the peak wavelength of the light emitted from the light-emitting material is greater than or equal to 1.45 and less than or equal to 1.70.

Abstract: A light-emitting device material with a low refractive index is provided. The light-emitting device material contains an organic compound which has a pyridine skeleton, a diazine skeleton, or a triazine skeleton and in which the proportion of carbon atoms forming a bond by sp3 hybrid orbitals is within a certain range. The light-emitting device material contains an organic compound including at least one six-membered heteroaromatic ring having 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms and a plurality of aromatic hydrocarbon rings each having 6 to 14 carbon atoms in a ring. At least two of the plurality of aromatic hydrocarbon rings are benzene rings. The organic compound has a plurality of hydrocarbon groups forming a bond by the sp3 hybrid orbitals. The ordinary refractive index of a layer containing the organic compound with respect to light with a wavelength in the range from 455 nm to 465 nm is 1.5 to 1.75.

Abstract: Providing a novel organometallic complex represented by Structure Formula (G1). A1 to A4 independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. R1 to R5 independently represent any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and a cyano group, wherein at least one of R1 to R5 represents a cyano group. R11 to R14 independently represent an alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. R15 and R16 independently represent any one of hydrogen, a methyl group, and an ethyl group. Note that R11 and R12 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, and R13 and R14 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.

Abstract: A novel organic compound is provided. The organic compound is represented by General Formulae (G1), (u1), and (g1), where Ar represents a substituted or unsubstituted condensed aromatic ring, one of R1 and R2 represents a group represented by General Formula (u1), and any one of R30 to R40 represents a bond. In addition, A is a group represented by General Formula (g1), and B represents a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group. Moreover, n is an integer of 0 to 2, and Q1 and Q2 independently represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.

Abstract: To provide a light-emitting device not only including a light-emitting layer in which energy is efficiently transferred from a host material to a guest material but also having high reliability. In the light-emitting device, the light-emitting layer includes an organic compound having a specific naphthofuropyrazine skeleton as a host material and a light-emitting substance (e.g., an organometallic complex) whose T1 level (TG) is within a certain range as a guest material, thereby increasing not only the efficiency of energy transfer from the host material to the guest material but also the reliability.

Abstract: The present invention provides the following: a photo alignment method-use liquid crystal aligning agent used to obtain a photo alignment method-use liquid crystal alignment film that does not cause bright spots even when negative liquid crystals are used, and that is capable of achieving good after-image characteristics; a liquid crystal alignment film obtained from the liquid crystal aligning agent; and a liquid crystal display element provided with the liquid crystal aligning agent. Provided is the liquid crystal aligning agent which contains a polyimide or polyimide precursor obtained from a reaction between: a tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride represented by formula (1) (in the formula, X1 is as set forth in the present specification) or a derivative thereof; and a diamine component that contains a diamine represented by formula (2) (in the formula, R1, Z1 and n are as set forth in the present specification).

Abstract: The present invention provides the following: a photo alignment method-use liquid crystal aligning agent used to obtain a photo alignment method-use liquid crystal alignment film that does not cause bright spots even when negative liquid crystals are used, and that is capable of achieving good after-image characteristics; a liquid crystal alignment film obtained from the liquid crystal aligning agent; and a liquid crystal display element provided with the liquid crystal aligning agent. Provided is the liquid crystal aligning agent which contains a polyimide or polyimide precursor obtained from a reaction between: a tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride represented by formula (1) (in the formula, X1 is as set forth in the present specification) or a derivative thereof; and a diamine component that contains a diamine represented by formula (2) (in the formula, R1, Z1 and n are as set forth in the present specification).

Abstract: A mixing blade is formed into a spiral shape by disposing blade plates, which are twisted in a predetermined manner in a circumferential direction of the blade, adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction along an inner wall surface of a mixer drum. Each of the blade plates includes a rib extended in the circumferential direction of the blade.