Abstract: To provide a technique for improving image quality. A light detection apparatus includes: a semiconductor layer including a first surface and a second surface mutually positioned on opposite sides in a thickness direction; a plurality of photoelectric conversion regions provided on the semiconductor layer so as to be adjacent to each other via a separation region that stretches in the thickness direction of the semiconductor layer; a transistor provided for each of the photoelectric conversion regions on the side of the first surface of the semiconductor layer; and a transparent electrode which is provided on the side of the second surface of the semiconductor layer and to which a potential is applied. In addition, the separation region includes a conductor which stretches in the thickness direction of the semiconductor layer and the conductor is electrically connected on the side of the second surface of the semiconductor layer to the transparent electrode.

Abstract: A control system includes a controller, a transmission unit, an application executing unit, and a management unit. The controller executes a control program controlling a control target, and manages pieces of process data referred to or updated in the control program. The transmission unit transmits data sets including values of the pieces of process data managed by the controller, each of the data sets including one or more process data values. The application execution unit executes one or more applications using the value of the process data included in the data set transmitted by the transmission unit. The management unit determines a data set validating transmission in the data sets transmittable by the transmission unit according to the application executed by the application execution unit.

Abstract: A safe system is able to execute remote maintenance reliably with respect to a process execution unit for executing a safety control in accordance with a safety program. This safety system includes: a process execution unit for executing a safety control in accordance with a safety program; a communication unit that is directly connected to the process execution unit and mediates external access to a safety program held in the process execution unit; and a support device that is connected via a network to the communication unit and, in accordance with a user operation, executes maintenance, including an addition or a change, with respect to the safety program. The support device and the communication unit identify each other by means of information that has been exchanged in advance, and exchange data required for maintenance.

Abstract: An object is to provide a function of managing data exchanged with an external device. A control device defines a publishing setting of a process value in accordance with information on one or both of an execution result of a control program and an operating state of the control device. The control device exchanges a data set including a part of one or more process values with the external device in accordance with the defined publishing setting.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the novel problem of protecting against threats that can arise as a result of the development of networked or intelligent control devices and control systems. This controller system includes: a control unit that executes a control operation for controlling a control target; and a security unit that is connected to the control unit and oversees and manages security functions for the controller system. The security unit includes a detection means that detects whether any unauthorized intrusion into the controller system has occurred. The control unit includes a command transmission means that transmits commands for changing the behavior of the detection means of the security unit.

Abstract: A support device is connected to a controller system that controls a control target. The controller system can execute an incident response operation of changing a behavior in accordance with an incident that may occur in the controller system. The support device includes a selection module and a setting module. The selection module receives selection of a facility type corresponding to the control target among plural facility types which is preset. The setting module reflects a response rule corresponding to the selected facility type in the controller system by referring to a response rule that is prepared in advance for each of the facility types and defines a behavior for an incident.

Abstract: An operation display system that constitutes at least a part of a control system for controlling a control target includes: a display unit; an input unit that receives a user operation; a control unit that controls the display unit to display a selected page among one or more pages prepared in advance; an acquisition unit that acquires history information in which user operations and events are recorded in a time series; and a generation unit that extracts a pattern constituted of a plurality of user operations included in the acquired history information and that generates an operation object corresponding to a user operation included in the extracted pattern.

Abstract: Information for addressing an incident depending on the incident is given. A control system includes a controller that performs a control operation for controlling an object to be controlled and a security component connected to the controller, the security component being responsible for a security function of the control system. The security component includes a collection module configured to collect state information indicating an operating state of the control system, a sensing module configured to sense an incident in the control system based on the collected state information, and a notification module configured to give information for addressing the sensed incident.

Abstract: The present invention makes it possible to reduce threats to the security of a control unit. This controller system is provided with: a control unit that performs a control calculation for controlling a controlled object; and a security unit that is responsible for security. The control unit comprises: a first interface that brokers data exchange with an external device; a communication controller that is responsible for communication with the security unit; and a restriction means that restricts data from being exchanged with the external device via the first interface if a connection between the control unit and the security unit is detected via the communication controller.

Abstract: An operation display system that constitutes at least a part of a control system for controlling a control target includes: a display unit; an input unit that receives a user operation; a control unit that controls the display unit to display a selected page of one or more pages prepared in advance; an acquisition unit that acquires an operation history including one or more contents of one or more operations on one or more first operation objects; and a generation unit that extracts one or more operations each matching with a predetermined rule in the acquired operation history and that generates, based on the extracted one or more operations, one or more second operation objects each for instructing the same processing as processing of a corresponding one of the one or more first operation objects operated by a user.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of creating color chart data to be used for executing color adjustment on an image forming apparatus includes obtaining, from a color chart printed out by the image forming apparatus, color chart data including a color adjustment patch group in which a plurality of color patches used for executing the color adjustment are arranged adjacent to each other, determining, for one or more of the plurality of color patches included in the color adjustment patch group, whether color of the color patch and color of an adjacent color patch adjacent to the color patch are similar, and based on a determination that the color of the color patch and the color of the adjacent color patch are similar, creating color chart data in which the color patch and the adjacent color patch that are similar in color are arranged not to be adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A color chart is for evaluating printing quality of an image forming apparatus. The color chart includes identification information and a color evaluation patch. The identification information is on an image forming apparatus on which evaluation of printing quality is to be performed. The color evaluation patch includes a plurality of color patches for performing evaluation of printing quality on the image forming apparatus indicated by the identification information.

Abstract: An information presentation system includes a controller that controls a device included in a production line, a terminal including a display and a camera that captures an image of the device, and a server that communicates with the controller and the terminal. The camera has an image capture range including a view field of the display. The controller transmits a light emission command to the device, the light emission command causing a light emitter included in the device to emit light in a predetermined light emission pattern. The terminal displays information regarding the device in association with a display position in a display area of the display, the display position corresponding to a position of a partial image representing the light emission pattern in a captured image of the camera.

Abstract: A control system including a controller system and a support device is provided. The controller system controls a control target. The support device supports setting of the controller system. The support device includes a system-configuration input part, a threat analysis database, a threat-scenario creating part, a countermeasure database, a countermeasure creating part, and a security setting part. The countermeasure creating part creates a countermeasure scenario containing a countermeasure for each of protected assets of the controller system according to a threat scenario and countermeasures of the countermeasure database.

Abstract: A controller system includes a controller that executes a control operation in order to control a control target, and a security unit that is in charge of a security function for the controller system. The security unit includes a detector that detects a presence or absence of an incident regarding security in the controller system. The controller transitions a control mode to a degeneration mode when the detector detects the incident, and the controller maintains the control mode in the degeneration mode until cancellation of the incident is detected by the detector.

Abstract: A technique for managing, in a centralized manner, user accounts in a control system which includes two or more units is provided. A control system (2) is provided with first and second units (200, 300). The first unit (200), upon reception of an access request to the first unit (200) from an external device (500), requests the external device (500) to input a user account, and transmits the user account received from the external device (500) to the second unit (300). The second unit (300, U3) refers to registration information (330) defining account information of registered users, and, when the user account is determined to be registered, transmits to the first unit (200) a token indicating permission of access. The first unit (200) transmits the token received from the second unit (300) to the external device (500).

Abstract: A control system includes: a processing unit configured to determine processing for a control device or a device connected to the control device in accordance with an access request; a providing unit configured to transmit data acquired by performing the determined processing to a transmission source of the access request; a storage unit configured to store a character string definition including at least one combination of a first character string and a second character string longer than the first character string; and an interpretation unit configured to replace the first character string included in the access request with a second character string associated with the first character string by referring to the character string definition.

Abstract: An information processing system includes a first acquisition unit configured to acquire first information indicating a state of a control system including a control device in response to an occurrence of a request or an event related to an abnormality that has occurred in the control system, an abnormality detail determination unit configured to determine details of the abnormality that has occurred on the basis of the first information, a second acquisition unit configured to request, in accordance with the details of the abnormality, a user to provide second information and acquire the second information from the user, a cause conjecture unit configured to conjecture a cause of the abnormality that has occurred on the basis of the first information and the second information, and a notification means configured to notify the user of the conjectured cause of the abnormality.

Abstract: An information presentation system includes a controller that controls a device included in a production line, a terminal including a display and a camera that captures an image of the device, and a server that communicates with the controller and the terminal. The camera has an image capture range including a view field of the display. The controller transmits a light emission command to the device, the light emission command causing a light emitter included in the device to emit light in a predetermined light emission pattern. The terminal displays information regarding the device in association with a display position in a display area of the display, the display position corresponding to a position of a partial image representing the light emission pattern in a captured image of the camera.

Abstract: A color chart is for performing color adjustment on an image forming apparatus. The color chart includes identification information and a color adjustment patch. The identification information is on an image forming apparatus to which color adjustment is to be applied. The color adjustment patch includes a plurality of color patches for performing color adjustment on the image forming apparatus indicated by the identification information.