Abstract: In an apparatus, a gas containing CH4 and CO2 is supplied from a first supply unit to a synthetic gas production unit which generates a synthetic gas containing CO and H2 while heating a first catalytic structure; the synthetic gas is supplied to a gas production unit which generates a lower olefin-containing gas including propylene while heating a second catalytic structure; and a detection unit detects propylene discharged from the gas production unit. The first catalytic structure includes first supports having a porous structure and a first metal fine particle that is present in first channels of the first supports. The second catalyst structure includes second supports having a porous structure and a second metal fine particle in the second supports. The second supports have a second channels, a portion of which have an average inner diameter of 0.95 nm or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides, a cationic lipid represented by the formula (1) (wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification), a lipid membrane structure using the aforementioned cationic lipid, a nucleic acid-introducing agent using the aforementioned cationic lipid, and a method for introducing a nucleic acid by using the aforementioned nucleic acid-introducing agent.

Abstract: A lyophilized composition capable of encapsulating any nucleic acid with high efficiency and easily is provided. A lyophilized composition of lipid nanoparticles not containing a nucleic acid but containing an ionic lipid, a sterol, a PEG lipid, an acidic buffer component that shows a buffering action at pH 1-6, and a cryoprotectant, wherein a weight ratio of the cryoprotectant and a total lipid is 10:1-1000:1.

Abstract: The disclosed technology is directed to an endoscope having respective first and second operations, a movable member, respective support and friction members, a cam member and a click mechanism all of which are engaged with one another to operate the endoscope during an operation. First and second operation members are disposed in the endoscope and are rotationally operated around a predetermined axis to carry out operation of the endoscope. A movable member is disposed inside the first operation member and is movable between a first position and a second position. A cam member having a cam surface that is made with an inclination with respect to the predetermined axis and abuts against part of the movable member. A click mechanism holds the cam member at the first position or the second position.

Abstract: The present invention provides an O/W type emulsion having a volume median diameter of not more than 100 nm and containing a compound represented by the formula (1) wherein Xa and Xb are each independently X1, X2 or a 1,4-piperazinediyl group; s is 1 or 2, R4 is an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, na and nb are each independently 0 or 1, R1a, R1b, R2a and R2b are each independently an alkylene group having 1-6 carbon atoms, Ya and Yb are each independently an ester bond, or the like, and R3a and R3b are each independently a liposoluble vitamin residue or the like.

Abstract: The invention provides a cationic lipid, a lipid membrane structure containing same, and use thereof. The cationic lipid is represented by the formula (1) wherein R1a, R1b, R2a, R2b, R3a, R3b, Xa, Xb, Yb, Za, and Zb are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: An operation member fixing mechanism includes: a plate member, an elastic member including a facing region, a protruding portion, a fixing lever, and a fixing knob. The protruding portion has a predetermined rigidity so as to allow the facing region to separate from the plate member when a compressed state is switched to a released state with a fixing lever and a fixing knob. The operation member fixing mechanism further includes a lubricant layer for reducing a sliding resistance of the protruding portion to the plate member in the released state and a cutout portion formed by cutting a contact surface of the facing region, the contact surface being a surface to be in contact with the plate member.

Abstract: The invention provides a cationic lipid, a lipid membrane structure containing same, and use thereof. The cationic lipid is represented by the formula (1) wherein R1a, R1b, R2a, R2b, R3a, R3b, Xa, Xb, Ya, Yb, Za, and Zb are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The disclosed technology is directed to an endoscope having respective first and second operations, a movable member, respective support and friction members, a cam member and a click mechanism all of which are engaged with one another to operate the endoscope during an operation. First and second operation members are disposed in the endoscope and are rotationally operated around a predetermined axis to carry out operation of the endoscope. A movable member is disposed inside the first operation member and is movable between a first position and a second position. A cam member having a cam surface that is made with an inclination with respect to the predetermined axis and abuts against part of the movable member. A click mechanism holds the cam member at the first position or the second position.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a cationic lipid that can be used as a nucleic acid delivery carrier, a lipid membrane structure using a cationic lipid, a nucleic acid-introducing agent using a cationic lipid, and a method of achieving nucleic acid introduction by using a nucleic acid-introducing agent containing a cationic lipid. A lipid membrane structure containing a cationic lipid represented by the formula (1) wherein each symbol is as defined in the DESCRIPTION, is superior in the stability in blood and tumor accumulation property. A nucleic acid-introducing agent using the cationic lipid can achieve high nucleic acid delivery efficiency of nucleic acid to be delivered into the cytoplasm.

Abstract: The present invention provides an O/W type emulsion having a volume median diameter of not more than 100 nm and containing a compound represented by the formula (1) wherein Xa and Xb are each independently X1, X2 or a 1,4-piperazinediyl group; s is 1 or 2, R4 is an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, na and nb are each independently 0 or 1, R1a, R1b, R2a and R2b are each independently an alkylene group having 1-6 carbon atoms, Ya and Yb are each independently an ester bond, or the like, and R3a and R3b are each independently a liposoluble vitamin residue or the like.

Abstract: The invention provides a cationic lipid capable of achieving higher intracellular delivery efficiency than conventional cationic lipids, when used as a lipid membrane structure which is a carrier for delivering functional nucleic acid. The cationic lipid is represented by the formula (1): wherein each symbol is as defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a cationic lipid that can be used as a nucleic acid delivery carrier, a lipid membrane structure using a cationic lipid, a nucleic acid-introducing agent using a cationic lipid, and a method of achieving nucleic acid introduction by using a nucleic acid-introducing agent containing a cationic lipid. A lipid membrane structure containing a cationic lipid represented by the formula (1) wherein each symbol is as defined in the DESCRIPTION, is superior in the stability in blood and tumor accumulation property. A nucleic acid-introducing agent using the cationic lipid can achieve high nucleic acid delivery efficiency of nucleic acid to be delivered into the cytoplasm.

Abstract: The invention provides a cationic lipid capable of achieving higher intracellular delivery efficiency than conventional cationic lipids, when used as a lipid membrane structure which is a carrier for delivering functional nucleic acid. The cationic lipid is represented by the formula (1): wherein each symbol is as defined herein.

Abstract: In a method for producing a target substance utilizing a microorganism comprising culturing the microorganism in a medium to produce and accumulate the target substance in the medium and collecting the target substance, microorganism is employed, which is a mutant strain or a genetic recombinant strain constructed from a parent strain of the microorganism having a respiratory chain pathway of high energy efficiency and a respiratory chain pathway of low energy efficiency as respiratory chain pathways, and having either one or both of the following characteristics: (A) the respiratory chain pathway of high energy efficiency is enhanced, (B) the respiratory chain pathway of low energy efficiency is deficient.