Abstract: The present disclosure provides a measuring device for biological tissue by using an optical sensor, the device being compact enough to fit in a user's hand and casually usable by the user. The measuring device is provided with: an optical sensor that measures optical data about an object of measurement through a measurement surface in contact with the object of measurement by irradiating the object of measurement with light from a light emitter and causing a light receiver to receive reflected light that is reflected from the object of measurement, the object of measurement being a portion of biological tissue; a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the optical sensor; and a data processor that processes the optical data on the basis of the temperature of the optical sensor and derives a measurement result pertaining to the object of measurement on the basis of the processed optical data.

Abstract: A portion tobacco product includes a tobacco filler containing leaf tobacco or a leaf tobacco component, and a first pouch containing a wrapping material having a function of controlling the permeation of a compound contained in the tobacco filler, wherein the tobacco filler is included in the first pouch.

Abstract: A portion tobacco product includes a tobacco filler containing leaf tobacco or a leaf tobacco component, and a first pouch containing a wrapping material having a function of controlling the permeation of a compound contained in the tobacco filler, wherein the tobacco filler is included in the first pouch.

Abstract: A cigarette is provided with a tobacco rod including a tobacco filler. The tobacco filler includes stemmed tobacco leaf shreds, and also includes a metal carboxylate salt selected from a metal lactate salt, a metal tartarate salt, a metal succinate salt, a metal 3-hydroxybutyrate salt, a metal acetate salt and a metal formate salt in an amount of 0.5 to 6.0% by weight of the weight of the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds.

Abstract: In a processing chamber for performing heat processing for a substrate, gas for purge, for example, N2 is supplied nearly parallel to the substrate placed on a hot plate with a gap forming member between them and toward both the front and rear faces of the substrate. Thus, an atmosphere around the substrate can be exchanged for the gas for purge efficiently, and moreover the atmosphere around the substrate can be exchanged uniformly. Accordingly, heat processing in a low oxygen atmosphere can be performed in a short time, and moreover the total time required for substrate processing can be shortened. Besides, heat processing in the low oxygen atmosphere can be performed uniformly.

Abstract: In a heat processing apparatus of a low-oxygen curing and cooling processing station, a plurality of blast ports are provided in a ring shutter along a thickness direction of a wafer and a heated inert gas is supplied into a heat processing chamber via the blast ports, so that both faces of the wafer can be heated while the inside of the heat processing chamber is exchanged for the inert gas. Accordingly, heat processing for the substrate can be efficiently performed in a short period of time.