Abstract: Discloses a process for efficiently producing a hydroxyl group containing compound with a simple apparatus and simple procedures using a very small amount of a catalyst, which process reduces a catalyst recovering step and a catalyst neutralization step vastly and does not require catalyst regeneration and catalyst exchange. The process for producing a hydroxyl group containing compound comprises allowing an aqueous solution containing 1 ppb to 500 ppm of an acid catalyst to react with an aliphatic double bond having compound in a molar ratio (water/aliphatic double bond having compound) of water to aliphatic double bond having compound of from 1 to 50, at a reaction temperature of from 200 to 600° C. under a reaction pressure of from 1 to 100 MPa and thereby conducting hydration reaction of the aliphatic double bond containing compound with water.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient method of continuously producing a lactam in high-temperature high-pressure water, and the present invention relates to a method of producing a lactam characterized by efficiently synthesizing the lactam while suppressing oxime hydrolysis by introducing an oxime as a reaction substrate and an acid into a reaction zone through which high-temperature high-pressure water is flowing, or introducing an oxime into flowing high-temperature high-pressure water containing an acid, thus raising the temperature of the reaction substrate to put the reaction substrate into a prescribed high-temperature high-pressure state within a short time and subjecting the reaction substrate to reaction; through the method, the lactam can be efficiently and continuously synthesized at a high rate from the oxime using an acid catalyst in water at a high temperature of at least 250° C. and a high pressure of at least 15 MPa.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for introducing an amino group into an organic acid or an organic ester by reacting an organic salt or an organic ester and ammonia under high-temperature and high-pressure water conditions, a method for synthesizing an amino acid or an amino ester by the above method, and a method for manufacturing an amino acid compound by synthesizing an amino acid or an amino ester by the above method and separating and refining it with an ion exchange resin.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of continuously producing a lactam in high-temperature high-pressure water, and the present invention relates to a method for producing a lactam characterized by selectively synthesizing the lactam without bringing about hydrolysis by introducing an oxime into flowing high-temperature high-pressure water, wherein the lactam is continuously synthesized at a high rate from the oxime in water at a high temperature of at least 250° C. and a high pressure of at least 12 MPa.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for synthesizing ?-lactams and a method for manufacturing ?-lactams in water of high-temperature and under high-pressure, and the present invention relates to a ?-lactam synthesis method which is characterized in that ?-lactams are synthesized by reacting ?-amino acids in water at high-temperature and under high-pressure, this method being further characterized in that ?-lactams are synthesized at a high speed by cyclizing ?-amino acids in water at high-temperature and under high-pressure in which the temperature range is 200° C. or higher and the pressure range is 10 MPa or greater, and the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing ?-lactams which is characterized in that ?-lactams are synthesized by reacting ?-amino acids in water at high-temperature and under high-pressure, and are then separated and purified using a column separation medium.

Abstract: Discloses a process for efficiently producing a hydroxyl group containing compound with a simple apparatus and simple procedures using a very small amount of a catalyst, which process reduces a catalyst recovering step and a catalyst neutralization step vastly and does not require catalyst regeneration and catalyst exchange.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the production of a high-temperature high-pressure fluid which can be caused to reach specified conditions in a short time, a high-temperature high-pressure reaction method, and a reaction system for the same, and the present invention comprises a method for the production of a high-temperature high-pressure fluid in which the reactants can be caused to reach a prescribed temperature in 5 seconds or less by mixing two or more high-pressure fluids at different temperatures in a flow system, a high-temperature high-pressure reaction method which utilizes this production method of a high-temperature high-pressure fluid, and which reduces the temperature elevation time to the prescribed reaction temperature to 5 seconds or less by mixing a carrier fluid at a temperature higher than the prescribed reaction temperature with substrate solution(s) at a temperature of 100° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for introducing an amino group into an organic acid or an organic ester by reacting an organic salt or an organic ester and ammonia under high-temperature and high-pressure water conditions, a method for synthesizing an amino acid or an amino ester by the above method, and a method for manufacturing an amino acid compound by synthesizing an amino acid or an amino ester by the above method and separating and refining it with an ion exchange resin.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of increasing the reaction rate of an organic synthesis reaction by utilizing supply of OH− from water in the absence of catalyst without adding a basic catalyst in supercritical water or subcritical water of at least 350 ° C., and a method of generating alcohol and carboxylic acid with high reaction rate by performing a Cannizzaro reaction in the absence of catalyst without adding a basic catalyst in supercritical water, and to a method of synthesis of alcohol and carboxylic acid from an aldehyde in the absence of catalyst without adding a basic catalyst near the critical point (375 to 380 ° C., 22.5 to 25 MPa) of supercritical water.

Abstract: A method for producing a lactam by using an organic solvent as a substrate solution, which makes it possible to introduce a high-concentration oxime into flowing high-temperature and high-pressure water, thereby allowing the high-concentration lactam to be synthesized with a high efficiency. With this method, the lactam is continuously synthesized at a high rate from the oxime under high-temperature and high-pressure water mixture conditions within a temperature range of no less than 250° C. and a pressure range of no less than 15 MPa.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of continuously producing a lactam in high-temperature high-pressure water, and the present invention relates to a method for producing a lactam characterized by selectively synthesizing the lactam without bringing about hydrolysis by introducing an oxime into flowing high-temperature high-pressure water, wherein the lactam is continuously synthesized at a high rate from the oxime in water at a high temperature of at least 250° C. and a high pressure of at least 12 MPa.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient method of continuously producing a lactam in high-temperature high-pressure water, and the present invention relates to a method of producing a lactam characterized by efficiently synthesizing the lactam while suppressing oxime hydrolysis by introducing an oxime as a reaction substrate and an acid into a reaction zone through which high-temperature high-pressure water is flowing, or introducing an oxime into flowing high-temperature high-pressure water containing an acid, thus raising the temperature of the reaction substrate to put the reaction substrate into a prescribed high-temperature high-pressure state within a short time and subjecting the reaction substrate to reaction; through the method, the lactam can be efficiently and continuously synthesized at a high rate from the oxime using an acid catalyst in water at a high temperature of at least 250° C. and a high pressure of at least 15 MPa.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for introducing an amino group into an organic acid by reacting the organic acid and ammonia under high-temperature and high-pressure water conditions, a method for synthesizing an amino acid by reacting an organic acid and ammonia under high-temperature and high-pressure water conditions, and thereby introducing amino group into the organic acid to synthesize an amino acid, and a method for manufacturing an amino acid by reacting an organic acid and ammonia under high-temperature and high-pressure water conditions, thereby introducing an amino group into the organic acid to synthesize an amino acid, and then separating and refining it with an ion exchange resin.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for synthesizing &bgr;-lactams and a method for manufacturing &bgr;-lactams in water of high-temperature and under high-pressure, and the present invention relates to a &bgr;-lactam synthesis method which is characterized in that &bgr;-lactams are synthesized by reacting &bgr;-amino acids in water at high-temperature and under high-pressure, this method being further characterized in that &bgr;-lactams are synthesized at a high speed by cyclizing &bgr;-amino acids in water at high-temperature and under high-pressure in which the temperature range is 200° C. or higher and the pressure range is 10 MPa or greater, and the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing &bgr;-lactams which is characterized in that &bgr;-lactams are synthesized by reacting &bgr;-amino acids in water at high-temperature and under high-pressure, and are then separated and purified using a column separation medium.

Abstract: A method for producing a lactam by using an organic solvent as a substrate solution, which makes it possible to introduce a high-concentration oxime into flowing high-temperature and high-pressure water, thereby allowing the high-concentration lactam to be synthesized with a high efficiency. With this method, the lactam is continuously synthesized at a high rate from the oxime under high-temperature and high-pressure water mixture conditions within a temperature range of no less than 250° C. and a pressure range of no less than 15 MPa.

Abstract: This invention is intended to provide a method for producing pinacoline by means of pinacol rearrangement in supercritical water, which affords an extremely high reaction rate without the addition of high concentrations of acid, and this invention is directed to a method for increasing the reaction rate during organic synthesis by utilizing the supply of protons from water under noncatalytic conditions in supercritical water, a method of pinacol rearrangement comprising the production of pinacoline by pinacol rearrangement under noncatalytic conditions without the addition of an acid catalyst in supercritical water, and a method of synthesis comprising the production of cyclic compounds from pinacol under noncatalytic conditions without the addition of an acid catalyst around the critical point (375 to 380° C., 22.5 to 25 MPa) in supercritical water.

Abstract: A primary terpene alcohol such as citronellol can be enzymatically esterified with a higher fatty acid such as oleic acid in the presence of lipase in an atmosphere of supercritical carbon dioxide as the reaction medium at a high reaction velocity. The influence of the temperature and pressure of the atmosphere on the reaction velocity was studied. When the starting primary terpene alcohol is a racemic compound of the optical isomers having chirality as in (.+-.)-citronellol, efficient racemic resolution can be achieved by suitably selecting the temperature and pressure in the vicinity of the critical point of carbon dioxide to give the (S)-(-)-ester having an optical purity of almost 100% when the starting terpene alcohol is (.+-.)-citronellol.