Abstract: A control for an engine having a variable valve actuation mechanism is provided. A map indicating a correlation among a rotational speed, a gauge pressure of an intake manifold, a lift amount of an intake valve, a phase of the intake valve and an intake air amount of the engine under a reference condition of a predetermined reference atmospheric pressure and a predetermined reference intake air temperature is defined. An intake air amount for the reference condition is determined as a reference intake air amount by referring to the map based on a current rotational speed, a current gauge pressure, a current lift amount and a current phase. The reference intake air amount is corrected with a ratio between an air density under a current condition of a current atmospheric pressure, a current intake air temperature and a current gauge pressure and an air density under the reference condition to calculate an intake air amount for the current condition.

Abstract: A control for an engine having a variable valve actuation mechanism is provided. A map indicating a correlation among a rotational speed, a gauge pressure of an intake manifold, a lift amount of an intake valve, a phase of the intake valve and an intake air amount of the engine under a reference condition of a predetermined reference atmospheric pressure and a predetermined reference intake air temperature is defined. An intake air amount for the reference condition is determined as a reference intake air amount by referring to the map based on a current rotational speed, a current gauge pressure, a current lift amount and a current phase. The reference intake air amount is corrected with a ratio between an air density under a current condition of a current atmospheric pressure, a current intake air temperature and a current gauge pressure and an air density under the reference condition to calculate an intake air amount for the current condition.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave shielding gasket comprising a gasket body integrated with an electroconductive non-woven fabric or woven fabric, a seal part being provided, while avoiding the area of the electroconductive non-woven fabric or woven fabric, where the gasket body, preferably a gasket body with a lip-shaped projection, is integrated at the edge with the electroconductive non-woven fabric or woven fabric, and particularly preferably an annular gasket body with a lip-shaped projection is integrated at the inner peripheral edge with the outer peripheral edge of the annular body of the electroconductive non-woven fabric or woven fabric.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave shielding gasket comprising a gasket body integrated with an electroconductive non-woven fabric or woven fabric, a seal part being provided, while avoiding the area of the electroconductive non-woven fabric or woven fabric, where the gasket body, preferably a gasket body with a lip-shaped projection, is integrated at the edge with the electroconductive non-woven fabric or woven fabric, and particularly preferably an annular gasket body with a lip-shaped projection is integrated at the inner peripheral edge with the outer peripheral edge of the annular body of the electroconductive non-woven fabric or woven fabric.

Abstract: A fluorine-based magnetic fluid, which comprises (A) fine magnetic particles as dispersed in (D) a perfluoropolyether base oil represented by the following general formula:F?CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O!mRfwhere Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group by means of general formulae:(B.sub.1){F?CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O!nCF(CF.sub.2) (Y)v(R)wO}tPO(OM)u,(B.sub.2)F?CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O!nCF(CF.sub.3)YRSO.sub.2 Mor(B.sub.3)F?CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O!nCF(CF.sub.3)X(RO)sCH.sub.2 COOMwhere R is a divalent organic group; Y is a COO group or CONH group; X is a COO group or CH.sub.2 O group; and M is a hydrogen group, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or an ammonium group and perfluoroether carboxylic acid amide compounds represented by the following general formulae:(C.sub.1)F?CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O!pCF(CF.sub.3)CONH(CH.sub.2)qNH.sub.2,(C.sub.2)F?CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O!pCF(CF.sub.3)CONH(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH)rHor(C.sub.3)F?CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O!pCF(CF.sub.3)CONH(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH)rCOCF(CF.sub.3)?OCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.

Abstract: A fluorine-based magnetic fluid, which comprises (A) fine magnetic particles dispersed in (D) a perfluoropolyether base oil represented by the following general formula:F(CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O).sub.m Rfwhere Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group, by means of (B) a perfluoroether carboxylic acid or salt thereof represented by the following general formula:F(CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O).sub.n CF(CF.sub.3)COOMwhere M is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal or an ammonium group, and (C) a perfluoroether compound represented by the following general formula:F(CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O).sub.p CF(CF.sub.3)X(RO).sub.q CH.sub.2 COOM',F(CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O).sub.p CF(CF.sub.3)(Y).sub.r R'OSO.sub.3 M' or(F(CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O).sub.p CF(CF.sub.3)(Y).sub.v (R).sub.w O).sub.t PO(OM').sub.u.Fluorine-based magnetic fluid has a high affinity of the fine magnetic particles toward the perfluoropolyether base oil and is effectively used as a sealing material for vacuum apparatus.

Abstract: A fluorine-based magnetic fluid, which comprises (A) fine magnetic particles as dispersed in (D) a perfluoropolyether base oil represented by the following general formula:F?CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O!mRfwhere Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group, by means of (B) a salt of perfluoroether carboxylic acid represented by the following general formula:F?CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O!nCF(CF.sub.3)COOMwhere M is an alkali metal or an ammonium group, and (C) amide compounds of perfluoroether carboxylic acid represented by the following general formula:F?CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O!pCF(CF.sub.3)CONH(CH.sub.2)qNH.sub.2,F?CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O!pCF(CF.sub.3)CONH(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH)rH orF?CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O!pCF(CF.sub.3)CONH(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH)rCOCF(CF.sub.3)?OCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)!pFhas a high affinity of the fine magnetic particles toward the perfluoropolyether base oil and is effectively used as a sealing material for vacuum apparatus.

Abstract: A magnetic fluid is produced by adding a solution of N-polyalkylenepolyamine-substituted alkenylsuccinimide in a hydrocarbon solvent to an aqueous suspension of fine particles of ferrites, thereby adsorbing the N-polyalkylenepolyamine-substituted alkenylsuccinimide onto the fine particles of ferrites, distilling off water and the hydrocarbon solvent therefrom, and dispersing the fine particles of N-polyalkylenepolyamine-substituted alkenylsuccinimide-adsorbed magnetites as residues into a base oil of low vapor pressure having a vapor pressure of not more than 0.1 mmHg at 25.degree. C.