Abstract: A piezoelectric fiber composite that includes a substrate having a first expansion and contraction rate, a piezoelectric fiber assembly having piezoelectric fibers that generate electrical charges upon application of external energy and has a second expansion and contraction rate different from the first expansion and contraction rate of the substrate, and a joint portion that joins the substrate and the piezoelectric fiber assembly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toner for electrophotography which has a small particle size and is excellent in all of low-temperature fusing ability, anti-hot offset property and image characteristics and a process for producing the toner, as well as to a dispersion of crosslinked resin particles which is used for production of the toner for electrophotography and a process for producing the dispersion of crosslinked resin particles. The dispersion of crosslinked resin particles having a volume median particle size (D50) of from 0.05 to 0.7 ?m according to the present invention is produced by a process including the steps of (A) neutralizing a resin containing an acid group-containing polyester in an aqueous medium to obtain a dispersion of resin particles; and (B) mixing the dispersion of resin particles obtained in the step (A) with an oxazoline group-containing polymer at a temperature of from 60 to 100° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toner for electrophotography which exhibits an excellent heat-resistant storage property and a wide fusing temperature range, and a process for producing the toner for electrophotography.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a toner for electrophotography which includes the steps of (A) forming resin-containing core particles having a volume median particle size (D50) of from 1 to 10 ?m in an aqueous medium; (B) adding composite fine particles containing a polyester-containing resin and a charge control agent, or composite fine particles containing “fine particles of the charge control agent” and “fine particles of the polyester-containing resin”, to the core particles obtained in the step (A) to allow the composite fine particles to adhere onto the core particles, thereby obtaining “composite fine particle-adhering core particles”; and (C) heating the “composite fine particle-adhering core particles” obtained in the step (B), to obtain coalesced particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toner for electrophotography which exhibits an excellent heat-resistant storage property and a wide fusing temperature range, and a process for producing the toner for electrophotography.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toner for electrophotography which has a small particle size and is excellent in all of low-temperature fusing ability, anti-hot offset property and image characteristics and a process for producing the toner, as well as to a dispersion of crosslinked resin particles which is used for production of the toner for electrophotography and a process for producing the dispersion of crosslinked resin particles. The dispersion of crosslinked resin particles having a volume median particle size (D50) of from 0.05 to 0.7 ?m according to the present invention is produced by a process including the steps of (A) neutralizing a resin containing an acid group-containing polyester in an aqueous medium to obtain a dispersion of resin particles; and (B) mixing the dispersion of resin particles obtained in the step (A) with an oxazoline group-containing polymer at a temperature of from 60 to 100° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a toner for electrophotography, including: (a) a step of aggregating resin particles containing a resin binder in an aqueous medium; and (b) a step of unifying the aggregated resin particles, the step (a) including: (a-1) a step of adding a monovalent salt as an aggregating agent; and (a-2) a step of adding at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkylethersulfates represented by the formula (1): R—O—(CH2CH2O)nSO3M??(1) wherein R is an alkyl group; n represents an average molar number of addition and is a number of more than 0 and not more than 15 (0<n?15), and M is a monovalent cation, alkylsulfates and linear alkylbenzenesulfonates. The toner of the present invention has a small particle size which is controlled with a high accuracy, and a sharp particle size distribution, and a particle shape of the toner is readily controlled even at a low temperature, and further the obtained toner exhibits a high circularity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a toner for electrophotography, including: (a) a step of aggregating resin particles containing a resin binder in an aqueous medium; and (b) a step of unifying the aggregated resin particles, the step (a) including: (a-1) a step of adding a monovalent salt as an aggregating agent; and (a-2) a step of adding at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkylethersulfates represented by the formula (1): R—O—(CH2CH2O)nSO3M ??(1) wherein R is an alkyl group; n represents an average molar number of addition and is a number of more than 0 and not more than 15 (0<n?15), and M is a monovalent cation, alkylsulfates and linear alkylbenzenesulfonates. The toner of the present invention has a small particle size which is controlled with a high accuracy, and a sharp particle size distribution, and a particle shape of the toner is readily controlled even at a low temperature, and further the obtained toner exhibits a high circularity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a toner for electrophotography which includes the steps of (A) forming resin-containing core particles having a volume median particle size (D50) of from 1 to 10 ?m in an aqueous medium; (B) adding composite fine particles containing a polyester-containing resin and a charge control agent, or composite fine particles containing “fine particles of the charge control agent” and “fine particles of the polyester-containing resin”, to the core particles obtained in the step (A) to allow the composite fine particles to adhere onto the core particles, thereby obtaining “composite fine particle-adhering core particles”; and (C) heating the “composite fine particle-adhering core particles” obtained in the step (B), to obtain coalesced particles.

Abstract: A transformer includes a bobbin having a cavity, a primary winding wound around the bobbin, and a secondary winding wound around the bobbin and magnetically coupled with the primary winding. In the transformer, at least one of the primary winding and the secondary winding is divided into at least two portions which include a portion wound at an inside region of the transformer and a portion wound at an outside region of the transformer. Also, at least a portion of the other one of the primary winding and the secondary winding is wound between said at least two portions obtained by dividing the one of the primary winding and the secondary winding, and at least a portion of the cavity of the bobbin is used as a space to dispose another member therein.

Abstract: A speaker includes a disk-shaped base. A substantially hemispherical surface vibrator is fitted into a substantially circular groove formed in the base to be bonded therein. Terminals are attached to electrodes located on both surfaces of the vibrator. The edge portion of the vibrator is bonded with a first adhesive, and further, its circumference is bonded with a second adhesive. The first adhesive has a sufficient bonding strength between the vibrator and the base. The second adhesive has a lower elastic modulus than the first adhesive.

Abstract: A speaker includes a disk-shaped base. A substantially hemispherical surface vibrator is fitted into a substantially circular groove provided in the base and bonded therein. Terminals are attached to electrodes provided on both surfaces of the vibrator. The terminals, passing through the terminal grooves provided in the base, are led out in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the plane of the base. Further, a horn as a separate member may be attached to the outer surface side of the vibrator.

Abstract: A vibrating gyroscope 10 includes a vibrator 12 which has a regular triangular prism-shaped vibrating body 14 and piezoelectric elements 16a, 16b and 16c formed on side faces of the vibrating body 14. The piezoelectric elements 16a, 16b and 16c having approximately same temperature characteristics are used. An oscillation circuit 26 is connected between the piezoelectric elements 16a, 16b and the piezoelectric element 16c. The piezoelectric elements 16a and 16b are connected to a differential amplifying circuit 28, and the differential amplifying circuit 28 is connected to a detecting circuit 30. An output signal of the piezoelectric element 16c for feedback is half-wave rectified by a half-wave rectification circuit 32, and smoothed by a smoothing circuit 34. An output signal of the smoothing circuit 34 is supplied to an automatic gain control circuit 36, and a gain of the detecting circuit 30 is controlled according to the input signal of the automatic gain control circuit 36.

Abstract: A switchgear comprises in a housing containing an arc extinguishing gas, a pair of separable contacts defining therebetween an arcing region in which an electric arc is generated when the contacts are separated. A cylindrical wall and an insulating nozzle are provided for defining a gas storage chamber around the stationary contact communicated with the arcing region for storing the arc extinguishing gas increased in pressure by heat from the arc. The insulating nozzle defines an opening through which the movable contact movably extends and through which the pressurized arc extinguishing gas flows. Around the arcing region a magnet is disposed for generating a magnetic field in the opening of the gas storage chamber for rotating and elongating the electric arc generated in the arcing region upon current interruption.

Abstract: A discharge lamp comprises a high pressure arc tube for high pressure and a low pressure arc tube for low pressure which is electrically connected in parallel to said high pressure arc tube in an outer tube.A lighting equipment comprises a high pressure arc tube for high pressure discharge and a low pressure arc tube for low pressure which is electrically connected in parallel to said high pressure arc tube; and a high frequency lighting starter having 1 KHz to 100 KHz for starting the discharge of said high pressure arc tube.