Abstract: A display apparatus includes a plurality of light sources which emit light beams, a plurality of optical waveguides which guide the light beams, a plurality of scanning lines which are arranged so as to intersect with the optical waveguides, a plurality of light output elements which, at intersections of the optical waveguides and the scanning lines, output the light beams guided in the optical waveguides by electric signals from the scanning lines, and a scanning line driving unit which drives the scanning lines in a direction opposite to a direction in which the light beams are guided.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes: a plurality of light guide units; a light source; a support substrate; a first electrode transmissive to light provided on the second major surface; a counter substrate opposed to the second major surface and provided away from the first electrode; a second electrode transmissive to light provided on a surface of the counter substrate opposed to the second major surface; and a plurality of spacers provided between the support substrate and the counter substrate and arranged between adjacent ones of the plurality of light guide units when projected onto a plane parallel to the first direction and the second direction. Optical characteristics in a region which is surrounded by adjacent ones of the spacers, the first electrode and the second electrode are changed by a voltage which is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A light-emitting element includes: a light source; a light guide member having a columnar shape and comprising a plurality of side surfaces containing a pair of parallel total reflection principal surfaces and other surfaces than the total reflection principal surfaces, an upper bottom surface disposed so that light from the light source reaches the total reflection principal surfaces, and a lower bottom surface disposed opposite to the upper bottom surface; clad portions provided on the other side surfaces of the light guide member than the total reflection principal surfaces, the clad portions having a smaller refractive index than that of the light guide member; and a light extraction portion provided on one part of the total reflection principal surfaces.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes a light-guiding body, a light source, a wavelength selection transmission layer, and a light control layer. The light-guiding body has a first major surface, a second major surface opposite to the first major surface, and a side face connecting the first major surface and the second major surface. The wavelength selection transmission layer is provided on the second major surface. The first major surface has a plurality of concave portions having inclined faces inclined relative to the first major surface. A ratio of a total area of the plurality of the concave portions projected on the first major surface, relative to an area of the first major surface is 8% to 25%. The plurality of the concave portions is evenly provided in the first major surface.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes a main substrate, and a light control layer. The main substrate includes a main base having a main surface, a wavelength selective transmission layer provided on the main surface, and a circuit layer provided on the wavelength selective transmission layer. The light control layer is stacked with the main substrate and has variable optical characteristics. The wavelength selective transmission layer includes lower and upper reflecting layers, and first and second spacer layers. The upper reflecting layer is provided on the lower reflecting layer. The first spacer layer is provided between the lower and upper reflecting layers. The second spacer layer is provided between the lower and upper reflecting layers, and has a different thickness from the first spacer layer. The circuit layer includes first and second pixel electrodes, and first and second switching elements.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes a display unit, an imaging element, and a first reflecting unit. The display unit emits a light. The imaging element has a major surface and is configured to form a real image of an object at a symmetric position of the object with the major surface serving as a plane of symmetry. The imaging element includes a portion not overlapping the display unit as viewed along a normal direction of the major surface. The first reflecting unit includes a portion facing the major surface, and is configured to reflect the light emitted from the display unit and to cause the light to be incident on the portion of the imaging element not overlapping the display unit.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes a light-guiding body, a light source, a wavelength selection transmission layer, and a light control layer. The light-guiding body has a first major surface, a second major surface opposite to the first major surface, and a side face connecting the first major surface and the second major surface. The wavelength selection transmission layer is provided on the second major surface. The first major surface has a plurality of concave portions having inclined faces inclined relative to the first major surface. A ratio of a total area of the plurality of the concave portions projected on the first major surface, relative to an area of the first major surface is 8% to 25%. The plurality of the concave portions is evenly provided in the first major surface.

Abstract: A mobile telephone includes a touch panel, an acceleration sensor which detects an acceleration, and an operation detection unit which detects a predetermined operation in accordance with the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor while an instruction made by the touch panel is being detected. For this, it is possible to detect an operation to press the touch panel while a user finger is in contact with the touch panel.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method is disclosed for adjusting a display device. The device includes light sources, light guides, light extraction units, and a controller. The light guides have an incident portion, one other end portion, and a side surface. The light extraction units form pixels. The controller supplies an electrical signal to the light extraction units to form a light-extracting state and a non light-extracting state. The method can include light intensity acquisition processing, change amount calculation processing, and light intensity modification processing. The acquisition processing acquires first and second intensities of the light. The calculation processing calculates a ratio of a difference between the first and second intensities to a difference between a first previous intensity in the light-extracting state and a second previous intensity in the non light-extracting state. The modification processing reduces the intensity of the light in the light-extracting state.

Abstract: A display system is provided with a display apparatus including a plurality of display panels arranged in a line, and connected in series, and connectors to connect the display panels in series, an storage unit to store therein a plurality of area image data on a plurality of areas into which the image to be displayed on the display apparatus is divided, a detection unit to detect a number of connections of the display panels on the basis of a connection state of the connectors, a selection unit to select area image data corresponding to the number from the storage unit, and an output unit to output the selected area image data to the display panels.

Abstract: In one embodiment, in an optical device, a bar-shaped optical waveguide has either a polygonal or circular cross-sectional shape. A light entry portion is formed in a circumferential area of a first-end surface of the optical waveguide. The light entry portion includes a sloping surface having a normal vector containing a component in a circumferential direction of the first-end surface. An incident light beam travels towards a second-end surface of the optical waveguide while repeating total reflections on a side surface of the optical waveguide. The incident light beam travels without passing through a central portion in a cross section of the optical waveguide. A light exit portion is formed in the side surface of the optical waveguide. The light exit portion is configured to let the light beam in the optical waveguide out of the optical waveguide.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an interference filter includes a base body, a lower semi-transmissive layer, and an upper semi-transmissive layer. The base body includes a major surface. The lower semi-transmissive layer is provided on the major surface. The upper semi-transmissive layer is provided on the lower semi-transmissive layer. The base body, the lower and upper semi-transmissive layers form a first region to selectively transmit blue light, a second region to selectively transmit green light, and a third region to selectively transmit red light, arranged in a plane parallel to the major surface. A distance between the lower semi-transmissive layer and the upper semi-transmissive layer in the second region is shorter than a distance between the lower semi-transmissive layer and the upper semi-transmissive layer in the first region, and shorter than a distance between the lower semi-transmissive layer and the upper semi-transmissive layer in the third region.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes light sources, light guides, interconnects, first electrodes, a second electrode, an insulating layer and a drive unit. The light guides extend in a first direction. The interconnects extend in a second direction. Each of the first electrodes is connected to each of the interconnects. Slits are provided in each of the first electrodes. The second electrode is provided between the first electrodes and the light guides. The insulating layer is provided between the first and second electrodes. The drive unit is connected to the interconnects and the second electrode. The drive unit creates first and second states by changing a voltage between the first and second electrodes. The light is extracted from the light guides in the first state. An intensity of the light extracted in the second state is lower than that in the first state.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a light guide body includes a light guide plate and a prism array unit. The light guide plate has a major surface, a first side surface, and a second side surface on an opposite side to the first side surface. The prism array unit is provided on the major surface to be in contact with the major surface. The prism array unit includes a plurality of prism bodies. Each of the prism bodies extends along a first direction from the first side surface to the second side surface. The prism bodies are disposed to align along a second direction parallel to the major surface and perpendicular to the first direction. A vertex angle of the prism bodies is a substantially right angle. A refractive index of the prism bodies is higher than a refractive index of the light guide plate.

Abstract: A backlight includes a case having plural apertures in a main face thereof and a light source disposed in the case. A total area of the plural apertures is not less than 8% and not more than 15% of an area of the main face.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes a light source, a light guide, a light extraction unit, and a drive circuit. The light guide is configured to guide light emitted by the light source from one end side of the light guide toward one other end side of the light guide. The light extraction unit is provided on a surface of the light guide, and includes a liquid crystal dispersion layer, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The liquid crystal dispersion layer includes liquid crystal droplets, and the first and second electrodes are configured to cause an electric field to occur in the liquid crystal dispersion layer. The drive circuit is configured to apply a voltage between the electrodes. Liquid crystal molecules included in the liquid crystal droplets are configured to have an orientation parallel to the surface of the light guide in the electric field.

Abstract: A backlight includes a case having plural apertures in a main face thereof and a light source disposed in the case. A total area of the plural apertures is not less than 8% and not more than 15% of an area of the main face.

Abstract: The present application provides a method for producing organic acid, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, or another high-quality raw material designed for methane fermentation and obtained by converting waste paper and other forms of cellulose-based biomass to organic acid, wherein said method comprising a step for reacting rumen fluid collected from a ruminant animal with cellulose-containing waste matter. This method provides the effective use of cellulose-containing waste matter, which is a high-quality fermentation resource.

Abstract: A display element includes a light source, an optical waveguide, a light-extracting portion. The optical waveguide has two ends and a side surface. One of the two ends is near the light source. The other of the two ends is far from the light source. The side surface extends from the one end to the other end. The light-extracting portion is provided near the side surface to extract light out of the optical waveguide. In addition, the other end changes a light path of forth-traveling light so that an incident angle of back-traveling light is smaller than the incident angle of the forth-traveling light.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a substrate with an interference filter layer includes a plate-like first substrate and a filter layer. The filter layer includes optically semi-transparent first and second reflective layers and a light-transmitting layer, the light-transmitting layer being formed of first, second, and third spacer layers, the first, second, and third spacer layers being optically transparent, the light-transmitting layer including first, second, and third areas which include the first spacer layer in common, the first, second, and third areas having different optical film thicknesses due to the second and the third spacer layers, the first, second, and the third areas transmitting light with different wavelengths.