Abstract: Provided is a wire grid polarizing element excellent in heat dissipation and excellent in transmissivity and polarization splitting properties for oblique incident light at wide-range incident angles. A wire grid polarizing element 1 includes a substrate 10 made of an inorganic material, a grid structural body 20 made of an organic material and including a base part 21 provided on the substrate 10 and a plurality of ridge portions 22, the base part and the ridge portions being integrally formed, and a functional film 30 made of a metal material and covering part of the ridge portion 22. The base part has a thickness (TB) of less than or equal to 0.15 mm. The ridge portion 22 has an upward narrowing shape that narrows in width with distance from the base part 21. The functional film 30 covers and wraps the top of the ridge portion 22, and does not cover a bottom side of the ridge portion 22 and the base part 21.

Abstract: An outboard motor includes an oil cooler, an engine cooling water passage, an oil cooling water passage, and a water discharge passage. The oil cooler is disposed forward of a crankshaft. The engine cooling water passage is disposed inside an engine. The oil cooling water passage is connected to the oil cooler and branches from the engine cooling water passage. The water discharge passage is connected to the oil cooler. The water discharge passage is disposed lower than the oil cooler and forward of a center axis of the crankshaft.

Abstract: A vehicular head-lighting system includes: an identification unit that from a plurality of zones defined in front of a driver's vehicle identifies a zone in which a frontward vehicle is located; and a selection unit that in accordance with the zone identified by the identification unit selects from the plurality of light distribution patterns a light distribution pattern that is to be formed. The selection unit selects the low beam light distribution pattern when the identification unit identifies the frontward vehicle as being located in the first zone, selects the adaptive high beam light distribution pattern when the identification unit identifies the frontward vehicle as being located in the second zone, and maintains the currently selected light distribution pattern when the identification unit identifies the frontward vehicle as being located in the transitional zone.

Abstract: An outboard motor includes an oil cooler, an engine cooling water passage, an oil cooling water passage, and a water discharge passage. The oil cooler is disposed forward of a crankshaft. The engine cooling water passage is disposed inside an engine. The oil cooling water passage is connected to the oil cooler and branches from the engine cooling water passage. The water discharge passage is connected to the oil cooler. The water discharge passage is disposed lower than the oil cooler and forward of a center axis of the crankshaft.

Abstract: A curvature estimation unit estimates the curvature of the road on which a vehicle is driving. A swivel angle setting unit is configured to perform a first mode in which a swivel angle of a lamp unit is set such that a light distribution pattern follows the travelling direction of the vehicle based on the curvature estimated by the curvature estimation unit, and perform a second mode in which a swivel angle of the lamp unit is set such that a shielded area created in a light distribution pattern follows the position of the vehicle detected by a vehicle position detector. A pattern determination unit determines a light distribution pattern such that the position of the vehicle detected by the vehicle position detector remains in the shielded area. A swivel angle setting unit performs the first mode when it is determined that the road is a curved road based on the curvature estimated by the curvature estimation unit, and performs the second mode when it is determined that the road is a straight road.

Abstract: A vehicular head-lighting system includes: an identification unit that from a plurality of zones defined in front of a driver's vehicle identifies a zone in which a frontward vehicle is located; and a selection unit that in accordance with the zone identified by the identification unit selects from the plurality of light distribution patterns a light distribution pattern that is to be formed. The selection unit selects the low beam light distribution pattern when the identification unit identifies the frontward vehicle as being located in the first zone, selects the adaptive high beam light distribution pattern when the identification unit identifies the frontward vehicle as being located in the second zone, and maintains the currently selected light distribution pattern when the identification unit identifies the frontward vehicle as being located in the transitional zone.

Abstract: To provide a D/A converter including a sampling circuit capable of suppressing a high-frequency component in an input signal without obstructing downsizing of electronic equipment. A D/A converter includes a first capacitative element unit including plural sampling capacitors, a second capacitative element unit including plural sampling capacitors, a first switch unit including the plural switches configured to store charges in the plural sampling capacitors of the first capacitative element unit and to transfer the charge, and a second switch unit including the plural switches configured to store charges in the plural sampling capacitors of the second capacitative element unit and to transfer the charge. The first and the second switch units operate alternately.

Abstract: To provide a D/A converter including a sampling circuit capable of suppressing a high-frequency component in an input signal without obstructing downsizing of electronic equipment. A D/A converter includes a first capacitative element unit including plural sampling capacitors, a second capacitative element unit including plural sampling capacitors, a first switch unit including the plural switches configured to store charges in the plural sampling capacitors of the first capacitative element unit and to transfer the charge, and a second switch unit including the plural switches configured to store charges in the plural sampling capacitors of the second capacitative element unit and to transfer the charge. The first and the second switch units operate alternately.

Abstract: For a substrate sheet having a transparent electrode made of an electroconductive polymer and metal wiring connecting this transparent electrode and a connector junction on a translucent base and provided with a protective layer covering the transparent electrode and the metal wiring, a substrate sheet is provided that has its transparent electrode protected and its metal wiring protected from corrosion. The protective layer was made up of a laminate having a sulfuration-resistant resist layer that prevents the metal wiring from being sulfurated and a lightfast resist layer that absorbs ultraviolet light stacked on the base, and the sulfuration-resistant resist layer was a polyurethane-polyurea-based plastic layer.

Abstract: A light distribution control system for a vehicular headlamp includes a headlamp configured such that light distribution of the headlamp can be controlled based on a plurality of modes of light distribution control, and a light distribution control electronic control unit configured to control the light distribution of the headlamp based on at least one of the plurality of modes of light distribution control. The light distribution control electronic control unit is configured such that a common unit commonly used in the plurality of modes of the light distribution control and a dedicated unit exclusively used in at least one of the plurality of modes of the light distribution control can be mounted.

Abstract: An A/D converter comprising: a sampling circuit including a continuous section, a sampling and holding section for intermittently sampling an input signal based on an analog signal input from the continuous section to hold and transfer the sampled signal, and a digital section for outputting a signal transferred from the sampling and holding section as a digital signal; and a control circuit for supplying a clock signal in which jitter is not added to the continuous section and supplying a clock signal in which the jitter is added to the sampling and holding section.

Abstract: A sampling circuit includes a continuous section which is a circuit for transmitting a continuous signal; a digital section for transmitting a signal which is sampled and quantized; and a sampling and holding section for transmitting a signal which is sampled but not quantized between the continuous section and the digital section. The sampling and holding section includes capacitors for accumulating charge generated by an input signal and plural switches for accumulating the charge in the capacitors. The plural switches receive plural clock signals having different operation timings and perform an ON/OFF operation in response to the supplied clock signals.

Abstract: A vehicle head lamp light distribution controller includes an ADB controller configured to: detect a position of a vehicle present ahead of a subject vehicle; determine whether the vehicle ahead of the subject vehicle is a preceding vehicle or an oncoming vehicle; set a threshold vehicle position based on whether the vehicle ahead of the subject vehicle is a preceding vehicle or an oncoming vehicle; compare the threshold vehicle position and the detected vehicle position; and switch light distribution of head lamps of the subject vehicle based on the comparison between the threshold vehicle position and the detected vehicle position.

Abstract: An A/D converter comprising: a sampling circuit including a continuous section, a sampling and holding section for intermittently sampling an input signal based on an analog signal input from the continuous section to hold and transfer the sampled signal, and a digital section for outputting a signal transferred from the sampling and holding section as a digital signal; and a control circuit for supplying a clock signal in which jitter is not added to the continuous section and supplying a clock signal in which the jitter is added to the sampling and holding section.

Abstract: A sampling circuit includes a continuous section which is a circuit for transmitting a continuous signal; a digital section for transmitting a signal which is sampled and quantized; and a sampling and holding section for transmitting a signal which is sampled but not quantized between the continuous section and the digital section. The sampling and holding section includes capacitors for accumulating charge generated by an input signal and plural switches for accumulating the charge in the capacitors. The plural switches receive plural clock signals having different operation timings and perform an ON/OFF operation in response to the supplied clock signals.

Abstract: A saddle-type vehicle has an engine-fastening structure which stabilizes a seating face contact between a collar and a vehicle body frame on one side, and between the collar and an engine on the other side. The vehicle includes a vehicle body frame having an engine-supporting portion, and an engine block having a female threaded portion formed therein for alignment with the engine-supporting portion. The collar is interposed between the engine-supporting portion and the engine block. The engine-supporting portion of the frame, the collar and the engine side female threaded portion are fastened together by a bolt. A gap is provided at least at locations between the collar and the bolt which oppose a boundary between the collar and the engine-supporting portion, and another boundary between the collar and the engine side female threaded portion.