Abstract: The present invention provides an optical film having a liquid crystal layer having excellent durability, and a liquid crystal film. The optical film of the present invention has an organic base material and a liquid crystal layer disposed on the organic base material, the liquid crystal layer contains a photo-alignment compound, and in the liquid crystal layer, the photo-alignment compound is unevenly distributed on a side of the organic base material.

Abstract: A method of assembling a grand piano, an outer rim for a grand piano and a manufacturing method thereof, an arm for a grand piano and a fabricating method thereof, and a keyboard musical instrument are provided. The method of assembling a grand piano comprises an outer rim forming step of forming an outer rim, and a part mounting step of mounting to the outer rim, as a base, a plurality of other parts in order to assemble a grand piano. The outer rim of the grand piano is composed of a left flat plate forming a left front linear portion of a grand piano, a right flat plate forming a right front linear portion of the grand piano, and a plurality of arcuate plates mutually having the same radius r, wherein the arcuate plates are joined to connect rear ends of the left flat plate and the right flat plate therethrough to form a curved portion of the grand piano.

Abstract: A water-dispersible organic clay complex in which a quaternary ammonium ion having both an oxypropylene unit and an oxyethylene unit is present in interlamellar space of an expansible phyllosilicate. This complex is excellent in dispersibility in an aqueous medium and generates excellent water resistance of the resulting coated film when used as a rheology control agent for an aqueous coating composition.