Abstract: A camera system includes a camera body including a photometering device and an external operating device, and a photographing lens which is detachably attached to the camera body, the photographing lens including an aperture setting device for selecting an auto aperture setting and at least one fixed aperture setting. A full-aperture photometering operation is performed when the aperture setting device is positioned at the auto aperture setting, and a stop-down photometering operation is performed in response to an operation of the external operating device when the aperture setting device is positioned at the fixed aperture setting.

Abstract: A battery check device for a portable electronic apparatus, such as a digital camera, for example, can selectively use a plurality of types of batteries. The battery check device comprises a battery determining processor that determines a type of battery, when the battery is mounted in the portable electronic apparatus. A battery check processor is provided for checking the residual battery power in accordance with the determined battery type for the mounted battery. An indicating processor indicates the plurality of types of batteries that can be mounted in the portable electronic apparatus. The indicating processor further indicates the determined battery type.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of treating movement disorders by administering an effective amount of one or more adenosine A2A receptor antagonists to a patient in need thereof. The present invention also provides methods of decreasing the adverse effects of L-DOPA in patients receiving L-DOPA therapy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The present invention further provides methods and compositions for treating Parkinson's disease patients with sub-clinically effective doses of L-DOPA by combining L-DOPA treatment with an effective amount of one or more adenosine A2A receptor antagonists (i.e., L-DOPA sparing effect). The present invention further provides methods of effective treatment of Parkinson's disease by co-administering at least one adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, L-DOPA and a dopamine agonist and/or a COMT inhibitor and/or a MAO inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of treating movement disorders by administering an effective amount of one or more adenosine A2A receptor antagonists to a patient in need thereof. The present invention also provides methods of decreasing the adverse effects of L-DOPA in patients receiving L-DOPA therapy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The present invention further provides methods and compositions for treating Parkinson's disease patients with sub-clinically effective doses of L-DOPA by combining L-DOPA treatment with an effective amount of one or more adenosine A2A receptor antagonists (i.e., L-DOPA sparing effect). The present invention further provides methods of effective treatment of Parkinson's disease by co-administering at least one adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, L-DOPA and a dopamine agonist and/or a COMT inhibitor and/or a MAO inhibitor.

Abstract: A flash case, in which a flash is provided, is automatically moved to an up position, when a user selects a flash mode in a state where the flash case is at a down position, when a user begins to forcibly raise the flash case by hand in a state where the flash case is at the down position, or when the flash case is at the down position in a state where a photometric operation starts in an auto-flash mode. The flash case is automatically moved to the down position, when an external force is added to the flash case at the up position.

Abstract: A digital camera includes an image pickup device which converts incident light of an object image into an electrical signal during an exposure operation; a processor which captures the electrical signal, and thereafter generates a digital image from the electrical signal; a battery checking device which performs a battery check process for determining whether a battery voltage of the digital camera is lower than a predetermined voltage level; a controller which forcibly terminates the exposure operation when the battery checking device determines that the battery voltage drops below the predetermined voltage level during the exposure operation, and subsequently makes the processor start capturing the electrical signal in order to generate a backup digital image; and a warning device which warns a user that the exposure operation is forcibly terminated due to a shortage of the battery voltage and that the backup digital image is underexposed, in the case where the exposure is forcibly terminated.

Abstract: A camera system includes a camera body including a photometering device and an external operating device, and a photographing lens which is detachably attached to the camera body, the photographing lens including an aperture setting device for selecting an auto aperture setting and at least one fixed aperture setting. A full-aperture photometering operation is performed when the aperture setting device is positioned at the auto aperture setting, and a stop-down photometering operation is performed in response to an operation of the external operating device when the aperture setting device is positioned at the fixed aperture setting.

Abstract: A flash case, in which a flash is provided, is automatically moved to an up position, when a user selects a flash mode in a state where the flash case is at a down position, when a user begins to forcibly raise the flash case by hand in a state where the flash case is at the down position, or when the flash case is at the down position in a state where a photometric operation starts in an auto-flash mode. The flash case is automatically moved to the down position, when an external force is added to the flash case at the up position.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of treating movement disorders by administering an effective amount of one or more adenosine A2A receptor antagonists to a patient in need thereof. The present invention also provides methods of decreasing the adverse effects of L-DOPA in patients receiving L-DOPA therapy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The present invention further provides methods and compositions for treating Parkinson's disease patients with sub-clinically effective doses of L-DOPA by combining L-DOPA treatment with an effective amount of one or more adenosine A2A receptor antagonists (i.e., L-DOPA sparing effect). The present invention further provides methods of effective treatment of Parkinson's disease by co-administering at least one adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, L-DOPA and a dopamine agonist and/or a COMT inhibitor and/or a MAO inhibitor.

Abstract: A remote control auto-focus camera system includes a camera body; a transmitter provided separately from the camera body, wherein the transmitter transmits a remote control signal; a focusing device, a photometering device and an exposure device, provided in the camera body; a photographing operation member, provided on the camera body, which is adapted to operate both the photometering device and the focusing device upon a first operation thereof and to operate the exposure device upon a second operation thereof; and a controller adapted to operate the photometering device and the exposure device in this order without operating the focusing device upon receipt of the remote control signal transmitted.

Abstract: A data-imprinting camera includes a winding mechanism for manually winding a film loaded in a camera body, a data imprinting device for imprinting patterns of data onto the film, the data imprinting device having a plurality of light emitting elements arranged such that light dots formed on the film are aligned in the direction perpendicular to the winding direction of the film, and a controlling device for controlling the emissions of the light emitting elements in synchronism with the winding of the film by the winding mechanism, the controlling device including a function to detect condition of the data imprinting and a function to repeat the data imprinting in one picture frame of the film when the detected result is faulty.

Abstract: A roll-film camera for receiving a roll-film is disclosed which includes: a pair of spool compartments, each of which the roll-film can be placed in; a reversible film winding mechanism which rotates a spool placed in one of the pair of spool compartments in which the roll-film is not placed to wind a film of the roll-film onto the spool when the roll-film is placed in the other of the pair of spool compartments, wherein a film winding direction of the reversible film winding mechanism can be reversed depending on which one of the first and second spool compartments the roll film is loaded into; a photographic-data imprinting device for imprinting photographic data on the film; and a controller for controlling the photographic-data imprinting device to imprint the photographic data on the film in different arrangements depending on the winding direction of the film.

Abstract: A setting apparatus for a camera includes a first switch having a plurality of stop positions; a second switch; and a shutter speed setting device which can select a desired shutter speed from a plurality of shutter speeds set at predetermined steps in accordance with the stop positions of the first switch. The shutter speed setting device can modify the shutter speed (which has been selected via the stop positions of the first switch) by a step smaller than the predetermined steps via the operation of the second switch.

Abstract: A camera having a cocking mechanism for a shutter and/or mirror, and a lithium battery supplying power to the cocking mechanism. The cocking operating of the mechanism is controlled to be executed intermittently if the cocking operation is not completed within a first predetermined time interval due to low power of the lithium battery.

Abstract: In representing a depth of field in a camera, the depth of field is displayed on the basis of the magnitude of a field depth feeling Df which corresponds to human feeling. The field depth feeling Df is obtained by processing at least one of a depth of field on calculation, an object distance, a lens hypen-focal length, a diameter of permissible circle of confusion, a lens aperture value and a lens focal length.

Abstract: In representing a depth of field in a camera, the depth of field is displayed on the basis of the magnitude of a field depth feeling Df which corresponds to human feeling. The field depth feeling Df is obtained by proccesing at least one of a depth of field on calculation, an object distance, a lens hypen-focal length, a diameter of permissible circle of confusion, a lens aperture value and a lens focal length.

Abstract: A method for performing data communication between two circuits is provided. The method comprises the steps of: serially transmitting information between two circuits, determining a first level change in one direction of a pulse signal output from one of the circuits to the other as a reference time, judging whether a first data bit is "1" or "0" in accordance with a time period from the reference time to a second level change in the one direction following the reference time, and determining the second level change in the one direction as the reference time relative to the next bit of data in the pulse signal, whereby data of a predetermined number of bits are continuously transmitted.

Abstract: A method for performing data communication between two circuits. Information is serially transmitted between two circuits. A first level change in one direction of a pulse signal output from one of the circuits to the other is determined as a reference time. A first data bit is determined to be a "1" or "0" in accordance with a time period from the reference time to a second level change in the one direction following the reference time. The second level change in the one direction as the reference time relative to the next bit of data in the pulse signal is then determined, whereby data of a predetermined number of bits are continuously transmitted.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for performing data communication between a pair of circuits. The data communication is established by serially transmitting information which includes pulse signals. In executing the method, a reference time is determined as an instant of a first level change in a first direction of a pulse signal output from one of the circuits to the other. A judgement is made as to whether a first bit of data is a "1" or a "0" in accordance with a time period extending from the reference time to an instant of a subsequent level change in the first direction following the reference time. The instant of the subsequent level change in the first direction is determined as a reference time relative to the next bit of data in the pulse signal. The data of a predetermined number of bits is continuously transmitted by repeatedly establishing reference times and judging the value of a bit based on the time period which extends from the reference time to a subsequent level change.

Abstract: A flash device for a photographing camera comprising an ordinary flash mechanism, an improved flash mechanism including a part of the ordinary flash mechanism, an operation mode controller which selectively switches the operation mode of the flash mechanisms and a control terminal which is provided in addition to terminals electrically connecting the ordinary flash mechanism to the photography camera, the control terminal electrically coupling the operation mode controller to the camera, and with the switching of operation modes of the ordinary flash mechanism and the improved flash mechanism being changed by the operation mode controller in response to an input signal to the control terminal.