Abstract: The ionic liquid-based coating is a coating for both porous and nonporous materials. As non-limiting examples, a porous substrate coated with the ionic liquid-based coating may be used to disinfect and remove microorganisms from air and water, to provide an antimicrobial surface for preventing microbial contamination, or to enhance filtration efficiency of the porous material for airborne and waterborne particulate matter without increasing flow resistance. As a further non-limiting example, a nonporous substrate coated with the ionic liquid-based coating may be used to form a surface capable of self-disinfection from microorganisms contacting surface. The ionic liquid-based coating includes at least one ionic liquid, an adhesive, and at least one additive, which may be a disinfectant, a viscosity modifier, a pH buffer, a fragrance, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: An example technique is provided for authenticating a first communication session. The technique includes receiving an indication that a first network device has established a first communication session with a user-side device. A second network device authenticates the first communication session by establishing a second communication session via session initiation protocol (SIP) or voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) communication with the user-side device before the user-side device directs a user password to the first network device in the first communication session. Also, private identification information of the user is retrieved from a database and sent to the user-side device in the second communication session. The user-side device compares the private identification information received in the second communication session to locally stored private identification information to determine whether the received private identification information matches.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is a method, apparatus, and a system using a CAMEL service. According to the method of the present invention, the method comprises the following steps during a process in which a called user equipment moves from an original visit mobile switch center (VMMSC) to a new VMSC: when receiving roaming retry information from the original VMSC, generating a first send routing information containing suppress Terminating CAMEL Subscription Information (TCSI) indicator of the CAMEL dialog service; sending the first send routing information to a home location register, so as to request a mobile station roaming number of the called user equipment in said new MSC.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is a method, apparatus, and a system using a CAMEL service. According to the method of the present invention, the method comprises the following steps during a process in which a called user equipment moves from an original visit mobile switch center (VMMSC) to a new VMSC: when receiving roaming retry information from the original VMSC, generating a first send routing information containing suppress Terminating CAMEL Subscription Information (TCSI) indicator of the CAMEL dialogue service; sending the first send routing information to a home location register, so as to request a mobile station roaming number of the called user equipment in said new MSC.

Abstract: A method, device and a system for verifying a communication session are provided. The method comprises: establishing another session with a user-side device at a network device or at another network device associated with the network device before providing proprietary information of a user in a communication session established between the user-side device and the network device; in the another session, sending private identification information of the user to the user-side device; wherein, the verification can be based on a determination by the user on the consistence between the received private identification information and private identification information previously set by the user.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a method for implementing a customized video service in IMS networks and a network element for controlling sessions between terminals, wherein a first terminal is calling a second terminal under the control of a first network element, and the second terminal has subscribed a customized video service provided by a second network element.