Abstract: A contacting member contacts a region of a contacted member to which a liquid composition has been applied. The contacting member has a substrate and a fluororesin fiber layer containing a fluororesin fiber. One side of the fluororesin fiber layer is directly or indirectly fixed to the substrate and another side of the fluororesin fiber layer contacts the contacted member. A ratio X/Y is less than 1.00, wherein X is a presence ratio of the fluororesin fiber in the fluororesin fiber layer on the side which is directly or indirectly fixed to the substrate and Y is a presence ratio of the fluororesin fiber in the fluororesin fiber layer on the other side which contacts the contacted member.

Abstract: A drying device includes a heating member for conveying and heating a heating subject in a contact manner on which a liquid composition has been applied, the heating member including a substrate, a surface layer disposed on the substrate, the surface layer including a supporting layer including sulfuric acid anodized aluminum film having concave portions and non-concave portions, and a fluororesin at least partially attached to the concave portions, and a heating device for heating the heating subject via the surface layer, and a temperature measuring member for measuring the temperature of a temperature measuring point in a region of the heating member that has contacted the heating subject in a non-contact manner.

Abstract: A printing device includes a liquid composition having a viscosity of from 2 to 15 mPa·s and a static surface tension of from 20 to 50 mN/m. A liquid composition container contains the liquid composition, a liquid composition applying device is configured to apply the liquid composition to a contact-target member, and a contact member is configured to make contact with a region to which the liquid composition has been applied in the contact-target member. The contact member includes a liquid composition holding layer configured to hold the liquid composition, an adhesive layer that fixes the liquid composition holding layer, and a core, in this order from a side that makes contact with the region. The liquid composition holding layer has a thickness of from 200 to 1,300 ?m.

Abstract: A contacting member contacts a region of a contacted member to which a liquid composition has been applied. The contacting member contains a substrate, a fluororesin fiber layer, an adhesive layer, and a mixed layer. The fluororesin fiber layer contains a fluororesin fiber and is configured to contact the contacted member. The adhesive layer contains an adhesive member directly or indirectly fixing the fluororesin fiber layer to the substrate. In the mixed layer, the fluororesin fiber in the fluororesin layer and the adhesive member in the adhesive layer are mixed. A thickness of the mixed layer is from 5% or more and 60% or less with respect to a thickness of the fluororesin fiber layer.

Abstract: A drying device includes a conveyer configured to convey a contacted member by contact with the contacted member, and a heater configured to heat the contacted member. The conveyer includes a surface layer that comes into contact with the contacted member. The surface layer includes a support layer having a surface having multiple recessed portions, and a fluororesin adhering to the recessed portions. The support layer contains alunite sulfate.

Abstract: A drying device includes a heating member for conveying and heating a heating subject in a contact manner on which a liquid composition has been applied, the heating member including a substrate, a surface layer disposed on the substrate, the surface layer including a supporting layer including sulfuric acid anodized aluminum film having concave portions and non-concave portions, and a fluororesin at least partially attached to the concave portions, and a heating device for heating the heating subject via the surface layer, and a temperature measuring member for measuring the temperature of a temperature measuring point in a region of the heating member that has contacted the heating subject in a non-contact manner.

Abstract: A printing device includes a liquid composition having a viscosity of from 2 to 15 mPa·s and a static surface tension of from 20 to 50 mN/m. A liquid composition container contains the liquid composition, a liquid composition applying device is configured to apply the liquid composition to a contact-target member, and a contact member is configured to make contact with a region to which the liquid composition has been applied in the contact-target member. The contact member includes a liquid composition holding layer configured to hold the liquid composition, an adhesive layer that fixes the liquid composition holding layer, and a core, in this order from a side that makes contact with the region. The liquid composition holding layer has a thickness of from 200 to 1,300 ?m.

Abstract: A contacting member contacts a region of a contacted member to which a liquid composition has been applied. The contacting member has a substrate and a fluororesin fiber layer containing a fluororesin fiber. One side of the fluororesin fiber layer is directly or indirectly fixed to the substrate and another side of the fluororesin fiber layer contacts the contacted member. A ratio X/Y is less than 1.00, wherein X is a presence ratio of the fluororesin fiber in the fluororesin fiber layer on the side which is directly or indirectly fixed to the substrate and Y is a presence ratio of the fluororesin fiber in the fluororesin fiber layer on the other side which contacts the contacted member.

Abstract: A contacting member contacts a region of a contacted member to which a liquid composition has been applied. The contacting member contains a substrate, a fluororesin fiber layer, an adhesive layer, and a mixed layer. The fluororesin fiber layer contains a fluororesin fiber and is configured to contact the contacted member. The adhesive layer contains an adhesive member directly or indirectly fixing the fluororesin fiber layer to the substrate. In the mixed layer, the fluororesin fiber in the fluororesin layer and the adhesive member in the adhesive layer are mixed. A thickness of the mixed layer is from 5% or more and 60% or less with respect to a thickness of the fluororesin fiber layer.

Abstract: A contacting member is provided that contacts a region of a contacted member to which a liquid composition has been applied. The contacting member has a fluororesin fiber layer containing a fluororesin fiber, which is disposed on a surface which contacts the contacted member. The fluororesin fiber layer has an average deformation amount of from 5.0 to 18.0 ?m/N, which is calculated from a displacement amount obtained when a circular indenter having a diameter of 5 mm is pushed into the fluororesin fiber layer.

Abstract: A contact member (4) includes a surface containing a fluororesin fiber layer containing a fluororesin fiber, wherein the surface contacts a contact-target member (6) having an area to which a liquid composition is applied and the fluororesin fiber layer has a thickness of 500 pm or more.

Abstract: A contact member (4) includes a surface containing a fluororesin fiber layer containing a fluororesin fiber, wherein the surface contacts a contact-target member (6) having an area to which a liquid composition is applied and the fluororesin fiber layer has a thickness of 500 ?m or more.

Abstract: A contacting member is provided that contacts a region of a contacted member to which a liquid composition has been applied. The contacting member has a fluororesin fiber layer containing a fluororesin fiber, which is disposed on a surface which contacts the contacted member. The fluororesin fiber layer has an average deformation amount of from 5.0 to 18.0 ?m/N, which is calculated from a displacement amount obtained when a circular indenter having a diameter of 5 mm is pushed into the fluororesin fiber layer.

Abstract: A cleaning blade includes a support and an elastic member with a flat shape. The elastic member has a secured end secured to the support and a free end. A ridgeline of the free end contacts a cleaning target to remove substances adhering to a surface of the cleaning target. The elastic member includes a base and a surface layer made of a cured product of a curable composition. The surface layer is disposed on at least a part of an opposite face disposed to oppose a downstream side of the cleaning target downstream from a contact portion of the elastic member with the cleaning target in a direction of movement of the cleaning target. A thickness of the surface layer progressively decreases toward the secured end along a cross section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the surface layer.

Abstract: A cleaning blade including an elastic member configured to be in contact with a surface of a cleaning-target member to remove deposited matter deposited on the surface of the cleaning-target in member, wherein the elastic member includes a base and a surface layer formed of a cured product of a curable composition, the surface layer is formed on at least part of a bottom surface of the base including a contact part to be in contact with the cleaning-target member, where the bottom surface of the base is a surface of the base facing a downstream side along a traveling direction of the cleaning-target member relative to the contact part, and an average film thickness of the surface layer at the contact part is 10 ?m or greater but 100 ?m or less.

Abstract: A cleaning blade includes a support and an elastic member with a flat shape. The elastic member has a secured end secured to the support and a free end. A ridgeline of the free end contacts a cleaning target to remove substances adhering to a surface of the cleaning target. The elastic member includes a base and a surface layer made of a cured product of a curable composition. The surface layer is disposed on at least a part of an opposite face disposed to oppose a downstream side of the cleaning target downstream from a contact portion of the elastic member with the cleaning target in a direction of movement of the cleaning target. A thickness of the surface layer progressively decreases toward the secured end along a cross section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the surface layer.

Abstract: An active-energy-ray-curable composition, a cured material of the active-energy-ray-curable composition satisfying a critical load of 5.0 g or more but 25.0 g or less, the critical load being obtained by a continuous loading test method using a variable normal load friction and wear measurement device, the cured material having an average thickness of 10 ?m and being formed by coating the active-energy-ray-curable composition on a substrate and by irradiating and curing the active-energy-ray-curable composition with active energy rays having illuminance of 1.5 W/cm2 and an amount of irradiation of 200 mJ/cm2.

Abstract: An active-energy-ray-curable composition including active-energy-ray-polymerizable compounds, wherein the active-energy-ray-polymerizable compounds include a monofunctional monomer, a bifunctional monomer, and a trifunctional monomer, and wherein the monofunctional monomer, the bifunctional monomer, and the trifunctional monomer satisfy conditions (1) and (2) below: (1) [number of functional groups derived from the monofunctional monomer]>[number of functional groups derived from the bifunctional monomer]>[number of functional groups derived from the trifunctional monomer]; and (2) a standard deviation of functional group ratios is from 0.003 through 0.030, the functional group ratios being expressed by [number of functional groups derived from N-functional monomer]/([number of functional groups derived from the monofunctional monomer]+[number of functional groups derived from the bifunctional monomer]+[number of functional groups derived from the trifunctional monomer]), the N being mono, bi, or tri.

Abstract: Active-energy-ray-curable composition including: monofunctional monomers; and polymerization initiator, cured material of the composition satisfying 0.30?D?0.85, where D is difference between peak-area-ratios A and B in infrared-ATR and obtained by: the composition is coated on polycarbonate substrate to form coated film having average thickness of 10 ?m; the film is irradiated with active energy rays having light quantity of 500 mJ/cm2 at UV intensity of 1.

Abstract: A cleaning blade including an elastic member configured to be in contact with a surface of a cleaning-target member to remove deposited matter deposited on the surface of the cleaning-target in member, wherein the elastic member includes a base and a surface layer formed of a cured product of a curable composition, the surface layer is formed on at least part of a bottom surface of the base including a contact part to be in contact with the cleaning-target member, where the bottom surface of the base is a surface of the base facing a downstream side along a traveling direction of the cleaning-target member relative to the contact part, and an average film thickness of the surface layer at the contact part is 10 ?m or greater but 100 ?m or less.