Abstract: The solar cell of embodiments includes a transparent first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer mainly containing cuprous oxide on the first electrode, an n-type layer on the photoelectric conversion layer, and a transparent second electrode on the n-type layer. A mixed region or/and a mixed layer are present on the n-type layer side of the photoelectric conversion layer, and the mixed region and the mixed layer contain elements belonging to a first group, a second group, and a third group. The first group is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Zn and Sn, the second group is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Y, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zr, B, Al, Ga, Nb, Mo, Ti, F, Cl, Br, and I, and the third group is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ge and Si.

Abstract: A solar cell of an embodiment includes: a transparent substrate; a p-electrode on the substrate, the p-electrode including a first p-electrode containing an Sn-based metal oxide, a second p-electrode having an opening and consisting of a wiring containing a metal or graphene, and a third p-electrode containing an In-based metal oxide; a p-type light absorbing layer in direct contact with a surface of the first p-electrode on a side opposite to the second p-electrode side; an n-type layer provided on the p-type light absorbing layer; and an n-electrode provided on the n-type layer. The third p-electrode is provided to be present between the first p-electrode and the second p-electrode and to be in direct contact with an upper surface of the second p-electrode. An entire side surface of the second p-electrode is in direct contact with the first p-electrode.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a multilayered thin film, includes: forming a photovoltaic conversion layer, comprising Cu2O as a main component, on a first transparent electrode; and placing, under a first atmosphere at an oxygen level of from 5.0×10?8 [g/L] to 5.0×10?5 [g/L] for 1 h to 1600 h, a member having the photovoltaic conversion layer formed on the first transparent electrode.

Abstract: A solar cell module of an embodiment includes: a first solar panel having a plurality of first sub modules each including a plurality of first solar cells; and a second solar panel layered with the first solar panel, the second solar panel having a plurality of second solar cells. The first solar panel exists on the side where light is incident. The first solar panel and the second solar panel are electrically connected in parallel. The first solar cells included in the first submodules are electrically connected in series. The first submodules are electrically connected in parallel.

Abstract: A solar cell of an embodiment includes: a first electrode; a second electrode; a light-absorbing layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; a dot region interposed between the first electrode and the light-absorbing layer, the dot region including dots.

Abstract: The photoelectric conversion layer of an embodiment is based on Cu2O, contains at least one p-type dopant selected from the group consisting of Ge, Ta, and In, and has a band gap of equal to or more than 2.10 eV and equal to or less than 2.30 eV.

Abstract: A solar cell according to an embodiment includes a first electrode being transparent, a first semiconductor layer on the first electrode, a second semiconductor layer on the first semiconductor layer, and a second electrode being transparent on the second semiconductor layer, wherein grooves exist regularly on a surface of the first semiconductor layer facing a side of the second semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A solar cell of an embodiment includes: a substrate having a light transmitting property; a first electrode including a plurality of metal portions and having a light transmitting property; a light absorbing layer disposed on the first electrode and absorbing light; and a second electrode disposed on the light absorbing layer and having a light transmitting property.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a stacked thin film, includes forming a photoelectric conversion layer on a first transparent electrode by sputtering using a target mainly composed of copper in an oxygen containing atmosphere. An oxygen partial pressure of the sputtering is in a range of 0.01 [Pa] or more and 4.8 [Pa] or less, and 0.24×d [Pa] or more and 2.4×d [Pa] or less when a deposition rate is d [?m/min], in formation of the photoelectric conversion layer. A sputtering temperature is 300° C. or more and 600° C. or less, in formation of the photoelectric conversion layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a solar cell system includes a first solar cell including a first terminal and a second terminal, a second solar cell including a third terminal and a fourth terminal, and a voltage converter including a fifth terminal and a sixth terminal. The third terminal is electrically connected to the first terminal. The fifth terminal is electrically connected to the fourth terminal. The voltage converter causes a second absolute value to be smaller than a first absolute value. The first absolute value is of a difference between a first potential difference and a second potential difference. The first potential difference is between the first and second terminals. The second potential difference is between the first and fourth terminals. The second absolute value is of a difference between the first and third potential differences. The third potential difference is between the first and sixth terminals.

Abstract: A solar module of an embodiment includes: a first solar panel having a plurality of first submodules each including a plurality of first solar cells; and a second solar panel layered with the first solar panel, the second solar panel having a plurality of second submodules each including a plurality of second solar cells. The first solar panel is provided on a side where light is incident. The first solar panel and the second solar panel are electrically connected in parallel. The plurality of first solar cells included in each of the plurality of first submodules is electrically connected in series. The plurality of first submodules is electrically connected in parallel. The plurality of second solar cells included in each of the plurality of second submodules is electrically connected in series. The plurality of second submodules is electrically connected in parallel.

Abstract: A multi-junction solar cell module of an embodiment includes: a first solar cell module disposed on a light incident side and including a plurality of first solar cells and a first connection wiring electrically connecting the plurality of the first solar cells; a second solar cell module including a plurality of second solar cells and a second connection wiring electrically connecting the plurality of the second solar cells; and an adhesive layer between the first solar cell module and the second solar cell module.

Abstract: A solar cell of an embodiment includes: a p-electrode in which a first p-electrode and a second p-electrode are laminated; a p-type light-absorbing layer in direct contact with the first p-electrode; an n-type layer in direct contact with the p-type light-absorbing layer; and an n-electrode. The first p-electrode is disposed between the p-type light-absorbing layer and the second p-electrode. The p-type light-absorbing layer is disposed between the n-type layer and the first p-electrode. The n-type layer is disposed between the p-type light-absorbing layer and the n-electrode. The first p-electrode includes a metal oxide containing Sn as a main component.

Abstract: A solar cell of an embodiment includes: a substrate; an n-electrode; an n-type layer; a p-type light absorption layer which is a semiconductor of a Cu-based oxide; and a p-electrode. The n-electrode is disposed between the substrate and the n-type layer. The n-type layer is disposed between the n-electrode and the p-type light absorption layer. The p-type light absorption layer is disposed between the n-type layer and the p-electrode. The n-type layer is disposed closer to a light incident side than the p-type light absorption layer. The substrate is a single substrate included in the solar cell.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a solar cell includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a plurality of insulants. The photoelectric conversion layer is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode. The plurality of insulants is disposed on a face of the first electrode. The face faces the second electrode. Any adjacent two of the plurality of insulants are disposed with a void interposed between the adjacent two.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a solar cell includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a light-absorbing layer, and a plurality of metal parts. The light-absorbing layer is interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The metal parts are present on a surface of the first electrode opposing the second electrode. A void is provided in at least a part between the metal parts.

Abstract: A solar cell of an embodiment includes a first electrode, a light absorption layer, an n-type layer, and a second electrode. The light absorption layer exists between the first electrode and the n-type layer. The n-type layer exists between the light absorption layer and the second electrode. The light absorption layer contains Cu2O. The n-type layer contains a sulfide.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a solar cell system includes a first solar cell including a first terminal and a second terminal, a second solar cell including a third terminal and a fourth terminal, and a voltage converter including a fifth terminal and a sixth terminal. The third terminal is electrically connected to the first terminal. The fifth terminal is electrically connected to the fourth terminal. The voltage converter causes a second absolute value to be smaller than a first absolute value. The first absolute value is of a difference between a first potential difference and a second potential difference. The first potential difference is between the first and second terminals. The second potential difference is between the first and fourth terminals. The second absolute value is of a difference between the first and third potential differences. The third potential difference is between the first and sixth terminals.

Abstract: A solar cell of an embodiment includes: a substrate having a light transmitting property; a first electrode including a plurality of metal portions and having a light transmitting property; a light absorbing layer disposed on the first electrode and absorbing light; and a second electrode disposed on the light absorbing layer and having a light transmitting property.

Abstract: A solar module of an embodiment includes: a first solar panel having a plurality of first submodules each including a plurality of first solar cells; and a second solar panel layered with the first solar panel, the second solar panel having a plurality of second submodules each including a plurality of second solar cells. The first solar panel is provided on a side where light is incident. The first solar panel and the second solar panel are electrically connected in parallel. The plurality of first solar cells included in each of the plurality of first submodules is electrically connected in series. The plurality of first submodules is electrically connected in parallel. The plurality of second solar cells included in each of the plurality of second submodules is electrically connected in series. The plurality of second submodules is electrically connected in parallel.