Abstract: Aspects of enhanced nanoscale gas chromatography are described. In one embodiment, a nano-scale gas chromatography (GC) module includes a light source, a light detector, and a sensor module having vertically-integrated photonic crystal slab (PCS) Fano resonance filter and GC channel layers. The PCS Fano resonance filter layer includes a hole lattice region, and the GC channel layer comprises a gas channel for separation of analytes in a gas mixture. The gas channel includes a coiled section and an extended length section, where the extended length section extends through a region in the GC channel layer that is stacked in proximity with the hole lattice region. The hole lattice region in the PCS Fano resonance filter layer provides local field enhancement of light generated by the light source for increased light-matter interaction with the analytes in the gas channel.

Abstract: In one aspect, optofluidic lasers are described herein. In some embodiments, an optofluidic laser described herein comprises a first liquid having a first refractive index, a second liquid having a second refractive index that is different than the first refractive index, and a liquid-liquid interface defined by the first and second liquids and disposed between the first and second liquids. Moreover, the first and second liquids are immiscible. Additionally, the optofluidic laser further comprises a layer of gain material disposed at the liquid-liquid interface between the first and second liquids.

Abstract: In one aspect, optofluidic lasers are described herein. In some embodiments, an optofluidic laser described herein comprises a first liquid having a first refractive index, a second liquid having a second refractive index that is different than the first refractive index, and a liquid-liquid interface defined by the first and second liquids and disposed between the first and second liquids. Moreover, the first and second liquids are immiscible. Additionally, the optofluidic laser further comprises a layer of gain material disposed at the liquid-liquid interface between the first and second liquids.

Abstract: Aspects of enhanced nanoscale gas chromatography are described. In one embodiment, a nano-scale gas chromatography (GC) module includes a light source, a light detector, and a sensor module having vertically-integrated photonic crystal slab (PCS) Fano resonance filter and GC channel layers. The PCS Fano resonance filter layer includes a hole lattice region, and the GC channel layer comprises a gas channel for separation of analytes in a gas mixture. The gas channel includes a coiled section and an extended length section, where the extended length section extends through a region in the GC channel layer that is stacked in proximity with the hole lattice region. The hole lattice region in the PCS Fano resonance filter layer provides local field enhancement of light generated by the light source for increased light-matter interaction with the analytes in the gas channel.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of detecting a target analyte, by binding the target analyte and a probe with at least one fluorophore to form a fluid composition. The fluid composition is excited within a laser cavity. The method comprises measuring a laser emission from the fluid composition based on an interaction between the target analyte and the probe. In certain aspects, the method provides hybridizing the target analyte and the probe, prior to the exciting. In certain variations, the methods comprise detecting a target analyte by measuring a laser emission from the fluid composition based on an interaction between the target analyte, where the interaction is probe energy transfer, intercalation, hybridization of the target analyte and the probe, or combinations thereof. The energy transfer can include fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), FRET with a molecular-beacon, or cavity-assisted radiative energy transfer, by way of non-limiting example.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of detecting a target analyte, by binding the target analyte and a probe with at least one fluorophore to form a fluid composition. The fluid composition is excited within a laser cavity. The method comprises measuring a laser emission from the fluid composition based on an interaction between the target analyte and the probe. In certain aspects, the method provides hybridizing the target analyte and the probe, prior to the exciting. In certain variations, the methods comprise detecting a target analyte by measuring a laser emission from the fluid composition based on an interaction between the target analyte, where the interaction is probe energy transfer, intercalation, hybridization of the target analyte and the probe, or combinations thereof. The energy transfer can include fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), FRET with a molecular-beacon, or cavity-assisted radiative energy transfer, by way of non-limiting example.