Abstract: The skin (1) comprises at least a translucent elastomeric layer (5) composed of a pigmented plastic material and comprising at least one first portion (8) which is configured to be placed in front of a light source (9). The light of this light source (9) produces an image on this first portion (8) of the translucent layer due to the presence of a surface relief (17, 18) on the surface of the translucent layer (5). A clearly visible image can be obtained by providing even small differences in thickness of the translucent layer (5) when the pigmented plastic material thereof has an average spectral attenuation coefficient (?av) of between 1.0 and 25 mm?1. The difference in layer thickness (d2?d1) and the average spectral attenuation coefficient (?av) should moreover be large enough to meet the formula: ?av(d2?d1)>?In a, wherein a is equal to 0.50.

Abstract: The skin (1) comprises at least an outer elastomeric layer (5) with an inner surface and an outer surface and at least one operating element (8A) which is adhered to the inner surface of the outer skin layer (5). The operating element (8A) is intended to be connected to an electric or electronic component to enable to control the operation of this component. In order to indicate the location of the operating element (8A) in the skin (1) with a minimal distortion of the visual appearance of the skin, the operating surface (9) of the operating element (8A) extends in a first area (11) of the visible surface of said skin (1), which first area (11) has a first surface texture which is different from the surface texture of the surrounding area (12) of the visible surface of the skin. Both textures may in particular produce a different gloss and the first area (11) may further be provided with surface relief elements (16, 17).

Abstract: The skin (1) comprises at least a translucent elastomeric layer (5) composed of a pigmented plastic material and comprising at least one first portion (8) which is configured to be placed in front of a light source (9). The light of this light source (9) produces an image on this first portion (8) of the translucent layer due to the presence of a surface relief (17, 18) on the surface of the translucent layer (5). A clearly visible image can be obtained by providing even small differences in thickness of the translucent layer (5) when the pigmented plastic material thereof has an average spectral attenuation coefficient (?av) of between 1.0 and 25 mm?1. The difference in layer thickness (d2-d1) and the average spectral attenuation coefficient (?av) should moreover be large enough to meet the formula: ?av(d 2?d1)>-In a, wherein a is equal to 0.50.

Abstract: A method for producing an elastomeric skin having visually spotted appearance may include providing a liquid skin forming composition having solid spot forming particles having a longest dimension that is at least 40 ?m and spraying the liquid skin forming composition in the form of a spray of droplets onto a mold surface. The provision of solid spot forming particles that are comparable in size to the droplet size may aid in projecting the solid spot forming particles forward upon impact on the mold surface such that a percentage thereof appear visible on the front face of the elastomeric skin after demolding thereby resulting in a front face with a spotted appearance without having to use multiple liquid skin forming compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing an elastomeric grained skin which comprises at least an elastomeric skin layer and a coating layer overlying the skin layer. The skin has at least a portion which hasa grained surface, which comprises at least one elastomeric skin layer and which has at least one coating layer overlying the skin layer. To produce the skin a coating composition is applied onto at least a portion of a mould surface, which portion is grained, to produce said coating layer; and the elastomeric skin layer is moulded at least against a back side of said coating layer to produce said portion of the elastomeric skin. In order to accent the grain texture so that it stands out more clearly and so that the visibility thereof is less dependent on the direction of the incident light and the position of the viewer use is made of a coating composition which comprises effect pigment particles contained in a transparent or translucent medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing an elastomeric grained skin which comprises at least an elastomeric skin layer and a coating layer overlying the skin layer. The skin has at least a portion which hasa grained surface, which comprises at least one elastomeric skin layer and which has at least one coating layer overlying the skin layer. To produce the skin a coating composition is applied onto at least a portion of a mould surface, which portion is grained, to produce said coating layer; and the elastomeric skin layer is moulded at least against a back side of said coating layer to produce said portion of the elastomeric skin. In order to accent the grain texture so that it stands out more clearly and so that the visibility thereof is less dependent on the direction of the incident light and the position of the viewer use is made of a coating composition which comprises effect pigment particles contained in a transparent or translucent medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of making an elastomeric skin (1) wherein droplets of at least one first skin forming composition (2) are applied onto a mould surface to form a layer of the first skin forming composition thereon and wherein one or more second skin forming compositions (4) are applied at least partially onto the back of the layer of said first skin forming composition (2) to produce the skin (1). In order to obtain a special visual appearance when using of differently colored first and second skin forming materials, or in order to reduce the effect of the first skin forming composition (2) on the overall physical properties of the skin (1), the droplets of the first skin forming composition (2) are applied onto the mould surface and are allowed to coalesce to form a non-continuous layer of the first skin forming composition which comprises a plurality of gaps (3).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a flexible elastomeric composite polyurethane skin wherein a polyurethane reaction mixture is sprayed onto a mold surface and the polyurethane reaction mixture is allowed to cure to produce the skin layer. The polyurethane reaction mixture is composed of components comprising at least an isocyanate component, isocyanate-reactive components and a catalyst component and the isocyanate component is composed of at least one isocyanate having at least two NCO-groups which are not directly attached to an aromatic group. The catalyst component is substantially free of lead, which leads to a lower flexibility. In accordance with the invention, the flexibility of the polyurethane skin is increased by means of at least one flexibiliser which reduces the flexural modulus of the skin and which comprises at least one isocyanate-reactive group. The flexibiliser is preferably a monofunctional flexibiliser which comprises only one isocyanate-reactive group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a flexible elastomeric composite polyurethane skin wherein a polyurethane reaction mixture is sprayed onto a mould surface and the polyurethane reaction mixture is allowed to cure to produce the skin layer. The polyurethane reaction mixture is composed of components comprising at least an isocyanate component, isocyanate-reactive components and a catalyst component and the isocyanate component is composed of at least one isocyanate having at least two NCO-groups which are not directly attached to an aromatic group. The catalyst component is substantially free of lead, which leads to a lower flexibility. In accordance with the invention, the flexibility of the polyurethane skin is increased by means of at least one flexibiliser which reduces the flexural modulus of the skin and which comprises at least one isocyanate-reactive group. The flexibiliser is preferably a monofunctional flexibiliser which comprises only one isocyanate-reactive group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a flexible elastomeric composite polyurethane skin comprising a first and a second flexible polyurethane layer obtained by spraying a first and a second polyurethane reaction mixture onto one another. The first reaction mixture is an aliphatic polyurethane reaction mixture which is free of lead and formulated to produce a polyurethane elastomer having a flexural modulus smaller than 35 MPa. The second reaction mixture is an aromatic polyurethane reaction mixture producing a polyurethane elastomer having a smaller flexural modulus. The thickness of the aliphatic polyurethane layer could be made so small with respect to the thickness of the aromatic polyurethane layer that the composite skin has an average flexural modulus smaller than 30 MPa.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of making an elastomeric skin (1) wherein droplets of at least one first skin forming composition (2) are applied onto a mould surface to form a layer of the first skin forming composition thereon and wherein one or more second skin forming compositions (4) are applied at least partially onto the back of the layer of said first skin forming composition (2) to produce the skin (1). In order to obtain a special visual appearance when using of differently coloured first and second skin forming materials, or in order to reduce the effect of the first skin forming composition (2) on the overall physical properties of the skin (1), the droplets of the first skin forming composition (2) are applied onto the mould surface and are allowed to coalesce to form a non-continuous layer of the first skin forming composition which comprises a plurality of gaps (3).

Abstract: The method according to the invention is a moulding method wherein a first layer (21), having a first colour, is produced against a first portion of a mould surface (10) and wherein, in a next step, a second layer (22), having a second colour, is produced against a second portion of the mould surface (10) and at least partially against the back of the first layer (21). The method is intended to obtain a qualitative transition between the colours of the two layers (21, 22) without having to hide the actual colour transition in a groove from view. This object is achieved by applying the material forming the first layer (21) in such a manner on the mould surface (10) that the edge (20) of the first layer (21), which will be situated on the mould surface underneath the second layer (22), is visually sharp and is produced without a mask.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a flexible elastomeric composite polyurethane skin comprising a first and a second flexible polyurethane layer obtained by spraying a first and a second polyurethane reaction mixture onto one another. The first reaction mixture is an aliphatic polyurethane reaction mixture which is free of lead and formulated to produce a polyurethane elastomer having a flexural modulus smaller than 35 MPa. The second reaction mixture is an aromatic polyurethane reaction mixture producing a polyurethane elastomer having a smaller flexural modulus. The thickness of the aliphatic polyurethane layer could be made so small with respect to the thickness of the aromatic polyurethane layer that the composite skin has an average flexural modulus smaller than 30 MPa.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a multi-layered moulded synthetic part comprising a preformed elastomeric moulded skin (5), a moulded carrier (8) of a thermoplastic material and optionally an intermediate foam layer (6). In this method, the elastomeric skin (5) is moulded in a first step and the thermoplastic material for the carrier (8) is subsequently moulded in molten state to the back of said moulded skin (5). According to the invention, the moulded skin is made of a thermosetting synthetic material. Compared to a thermoplastic skin, such a thermosetting skin is less subjected to visible defects, in particular in case it has been provided with a superficial texture such as a leather grain, when the thermoplastic carrier is moulded thereto. Moulding of the thermoplastic carrier can be done by an injection moulding, an injection pressure moulding or a low pressure moulding technique.

Abstract: The method according to the invention is a moulding method wherein a first layer (21), having a first colour, is produced against a first portion of a mould surface (10) and wherein, in a next step, a second layer (22), having a second colour, is produced against a second portion of the mould surface (10) and at least partially against the back of the first layer (21). The method is intended to obtain a qualitative transition between the colours of the two layers (21, 22) without having to hide the actual colour transition in a groove from view. This object is achieved by applying the material forming the first layer (21) in such a manner on the mould surface (10) that the edge (20) of the first layer (21), which will be situated on the mould surface underneath the second layer (22), is visually sharp and is produced without a mask.

Abstract: For manufacturing the composite automotive trim part a flowable skin material is applied onto a first mould surface (4), a flowable substrate material is applied onto a second mould surface (7), the mould (5, 8) is closed and a foamable material (3) is applied in the gap between the flexible skin layer (1) and the rigid substrate layer (2). Both the flexible skin layer and the rigid substrate layer can be manufactured by spraying a polyurethane reaction mixture. Advantages are that no positioning of the rigid substrate layer nor of the flexible skin layer is required and that especially the rigid substrate layer doesn't have to be manufactured separately, so that the production costs are reduced and the quality of the trim part is increased. The sealing of the mould cavity for producing the foam layer is achieved by providing a sufficiently thick layer of flexible skin material in the zone of contact with the substrate layer.

Abstract: A process for the production by a moulding process of a micro-cellular or non-cellular elastomeric polyurethane skin layer or, more generally, to a process for the production of a composite comprising a first layer shaped part, which is made by a moulding process from a polyurethane reaction mixture, and a second layer shaped part which is adhered to the first part to form the composite. In order to avoid the use of release agents on the back side of the first layer shaped part, and thus the negative effect on the adhesion of the second layer shaped part, and the penetration of reaction mixture on this back side between the slides (9–10) of the mould, the mould surface (4) is covered on the back side of the moulding with a removable flexible covering (12), with a removable rigid pre-shaped covering or with a permanent non-stick coating layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a multi-layered moulded synthetic part comprising a preformed elastomeric moulded skin (5), a moulded carrier (8) of a thermoplastic material and optionally an intermediate foam layer (6). In this method, the elastomeric skin (5) is moulded in a first step and the thermoplastic material for the carrier (8) is subsequently moulded in molten state to the back of said moulded skin (5). According to the invention, the moulded skin is made of a thermosetting synthetic material. Compared to a thermoplastic skin, such a thermosetting skin is less subjected to visible defects, in particular in case it has been provided with a superficial texture such as a leather grain, when the thermoplastic carrier is moulded thereto. Moulding of the thermoplastic carrier can be done by an injection moulding, an injection pressure moulding or a low pressure moulding technique.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a multi-layered molded synthetic part comprising a preformed elastomeric molded skin (5), a molded carrier (8) of a thermoplastic material and optionally an intermediate foam layer (6). In this method, the elastomeric skin (5) is molded in a first step and the thermoplastic material for the carrier (8) is subsequently molded in molten state to the back of said molded skin (5). According to the invention, the molded skin is made of a thermosetting synthetic material. Compared to a thermoplastic skin, such a thermosetting skin is less subjected to visible defects, in particular in case it has been provided with a superficial texture such as a leather grain, when the thermoplastic carrier is molded thereto. Molding of the thermoplastic carrier can be done by an injection molding, an injection pressure molding or a low pressure molding technique.

Abstract: A process for the production by a moulding process of a micro-cellular or non-cellular elastomeric polyurethane skin layer or, more generally, to a process for the production of a composite comprising a first layer shaped part, which is made by a moulding process from a polyurethane reaction mixture, and a second layer shaped part which is adhered to the first part to form the composite. In order to avoid the use of release agents on the back side of the first layer shaped part, and thus the negative effect on the adhesion of the second layer shaped part, and the penetration of reaction mixture on this back side between the slides (9-10) of the mould, the mould surface (4) is covered on the back side of the moulding with a removable flexible covering, such as a film (12) or a membrane, with a removable rigid pre-shaped covering or with a permanent non-stick coating layer.