Abstract: Hydrocarbons, e.g., ethylene, are steady-state catalytically oxychlorinated into chlorocarbons, e.g., 1,2-dichloroethane, by fluidizing a fluidizable charge by directing a gaseous feedstream containing a hydrocarbon therethrough and therein oxychlorinating such hydrocarbon, the gaseous feedstream further comprising an oxygen-containing gas and gaseous hydrochloric acid and the fluidizable charge comprising immixture of a catalytically effective amount of an oxychlorination catalyst and particles of a catalytically and chemically inert solid substance, and which further comprises introducing a solution or suspension of a catalytically active copper compound into such fluidized charge during the oxychlorination reaction.

Abstract: A thermal process for cracking 1,2-dichloroethane to form vinyl chloride comprising heating 1,2-dichloroethane in a reaction zone at a temperature between 300.degree. and 650.degree. C. under an absolute pressure between 1 and 40 bars; said heating being conducted in the presence of hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the alcoholysis of carbon tetrachloride which consists in simultaneously sending, on the one hand, carbon tetrachloride and, on the other hand, an alcohol ROH, over a catalytic composition, characterized in that the said catalytic composition comprises an aqueous solution of a metal halide.

Abstract: Vinyl chloride monomer is selectively prepared by intimately contacting, in the absence of steam, a feedstream of 1,2-dichloroethane with a flow of fluid or solid particulates heated to such elevated temperature and for such minim period of time, e.g., 0.010 to 0.5 second, as to flash transfer a dehydrochlorinating amount of thermal energy to the 1,2-dichloroethane and thereby ultrapyrolyzing at least a fraction of same into vinyl chloride and HCl, and recovering the vinyl chloride from the medium of ultrapyrolysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst comprising a rare metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements which has been deposited on an inert support and which has been used to dehalogenate .alpha.-halogenated carboxylic acids in the presence of hydrogen, and a rare metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements which has been deposited on an inert support and which is such that the granulometry of b) is very much lower than that of a) to form a homogeneous mixture as a result of the action of currents of .alpha.-halogenated carboxylic acid and hydrogen wherein said invention is particularly useful for regenerating palladium catalyst used in the purification of crude monochloroacetic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst formed of an active charcoal support in the form of particles or of cylinders having a diameter from 0.3 to 1.5 mm and a length of 0.3 to 5 mm or spheres having a diameter from 0.3 to 2 mm, the said particles being loaded with a precious metal from group 8. Advantageously, palladium on active charcoal is used.The invention is particularly useful for purifying monochloroacetic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst formed of an active charcoal support in the form of particles or of cylinders having a diameter from 0.3 to 1.5 mm and a length of 0.3 to 5 mm or spheres having a diameter from 0.3 to 2 mm, the said particles being loaded with a precious metal from group 8. Advantageously, palladium on active charcoal is used.The invention is particularly useful for purifying monochloroacetic acid.

Abstract: Chloroacetic acids and essentially pure hydrochloric acid are prepared by chlorinating acetic acid in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of acetic anhydride, acetyl chloride, or admixture thereof, whereby byproducing a gaseous stream of crude hydrochloric acid, contacting such gaseous stream with active charcoal to remove the chlorine values therefrom, separating (i) pure hydrochloric acid and (ii) remaining products from the gaseous stream thus purified, and recycling such remaining products (ii) to the medium of chlorination.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the purification of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluorethane.To remove unsaturated impurities such as 1,1-dichloroethylene and dichloracetylene the crude 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane is subjected to the action of chlorine and/or of a hydracid. This treatment is carried out in the presence of a Lewis acid, or, only in the case of chlorine, by photochemical catalysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst comprising a rare metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements which has been deposited on an inert support and which has been used to dehalogenate .alpha.-halogenated carboxylic acids in the presence of hydrogen, and a rare metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements which has been deposited on an inert support and which is such that the granulometry of b) is very much lower than that of a) to form a homogeneous mixture as a result of the action of currents of .alpha.-halogenated carboxylic acid and hydrogen.It is particularly useful for regenerating palladium catalysts used in the purification of crude monochloroacetic acid.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process to remove the unsaturated impurities (in particular vinylidene chloride) present in a crude 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane. This process comprises subjecting the product to be purified, in the liquid phase, in the presence of oxygen, to an irradiation by short wavelength UV rays (200 to 360 nm), then washing with an alkaline and/or reducing solution, and drying.

Abstract: The alpha-halogenated carboxylic acids/esters are dehalogenated by reaction with hydrogen in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of (i) a Group VIII precious metal catalyst and (ii) either sulfur or a sulfur compound, or (iii) a novel precious metal/sulfur solid phase catalyst; the subject dehalogenation is especially adapted for enriching the monochloroacetic acid content of MCAA/DCAA mixtures.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons, e.g., ethylene, are steady-state catalytically oxychlorinated into chlorocarbons, e.g., 1,2-dichloroethane, by fluidizing a fluidizable charge by directing a gaseous feedstream containing a hydrocarbon therethrough and therein oxychlorinating such hydrocarbon, the gaseous feedstream further comprising an oxygen-containing gas and gaseous hydrochloric acid and the fluidizable charge comprising immixture of a catalytically effective amount of an oxychlorination catalyst and particles of a catalytically and chemically inert solid substance, and which further comprises introducing a solution or suspension of a catalytically active copper compound into such fluidized charge during the oxychlorination reaction.

Abstract: A major amount of 1,2-dichloroethane (D12) and lesser amounts of trichloroethane and tetrachloroethane are prepared by contacting carbon tetrachloride, ethylene and oxygen (or an oxygen-containing gas, notably air) with an oxychlorination catalyst at a temperature sufficient to produce D12, and thereafter separating such D12 from the products of reaction.

Abstract: The alpha-halogenated carboxylic acids/esters are dehalogenated by reaction with hydrogen in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of (i) a Group VIII precious metal catalyst and (ii) either sulfur or a sulfur compound, or (iii) a novel precious metal/sulfur solid phase catalyst; the subject dehalogenation is especially adapted for enriching the monochloroacetic acid content of MCAA/DCAA mixtures.

Abstract: Chlorinated hydrocarbons, e.g., 1,2-dichloroethane, are prepared by heterogeneously oxychlorinating a hydrocarbon with an oxygen-containing gas and gaseous hydrochloric acid in a fluidized bed containing admixture of (i) a catalytically effective amount of an oxychlorination catalyst, (ii) diluent particles of at least one catalytically and chemically inert solid material, and (iii) copper powder or a powdered copper compound.

Abstract: The highly chlorinated methanes, e.g., carbon tetrachloride, are improvedly dechlorinated by reacting same with hydrogen in the presence of oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas, e.g., air, and a catalytically effective amount of a metal of the copper or precious metal Groups of the Periodic Table, typically in the form of a fixed or fluidized bed thereof, and advantageously in the gaseous phase.

Abstract: Chlorinated hydrocarbons, e.g., 1,2-dichloroethane, are prepared by heterogenously oxychlorinating a hydrocarbon with an oxygen-containing gas and gaseous hydrochloric acid in a fluidized bed containing admixture of (i) a catalytically effective amount of an oxychlorination catalyst, (ii) diluent particles of at least one catalytically and chemically inert solid material, and (iii) copper powder or a powdered copper compound.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is functional chlorofluoro compounds of general formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.F denotes a perfluoroalkyl radical, n is equal to 0 or 1, X denotes a chlorine or fluorine atom or a trichloromethyl or trifluoromethyl radical, and Y denotes a chlorine atom, an optionally salified or esterified hydroxyl group or an optionally substituted amino group, the arrangement R.sub.F --CCl.sub.2 --(CCl.sub.2 --O).sub.n containing at least 3 carbon atoms.By photochlorination of the esters R.sub.F --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --O--CO--X, the compounds I (n=1) are obtained, which are then rearranged to acid chlorides I (n=0, Y.dbd.Cl) from which the corresponding acids, salts, esters and amides are optionally formed (formula I with n=0 and Y=optionally salified or esterified hydroxyl or optionally substituted amino).

Abstract: Oxalyl chloride is prepared by (i) first esterifying ethylene glycol with trichloroacetyl chloride, (ii) next photochemically chlorinating the ester which results from the step (i), i.e., ethylene glycol bis-trichloroacetate, and (iii) then decomposing the tetrachloroethylene glycol bis-trichloroacetate thus formed into the desired oxalyl chloride and trichloroacetyl chloride, said steps (i) and (iii) being conducted in the absence of any reaction solvent, other than the trichloroacetyl chloride, and the chlorination step (ii) being conducted at a temperature of from about 50.degree. to 200.degree. C.