Abstract: A method is provided for monitoring a flow of a fluid in a vessel of a body of a living being is provided. The method comprises obtaining a first image data set representing the vessel filled with a first fluid, the first image data set comprising at least one first image frame and the first fluid contrasting with matter surrounding the vessel and obtaining a second image data set representing the vessel substantially void of the first fluid, the second image data set comprising at least one second image frame. Based on the first image data set and the second image set, an estimated location of the vessel in the second image set is estimated; and monitoring presence in the second data set of contrasting image data at the estimated location of the vessel is monitored.

Abstract: The device is used for taking photographs of the fundus of the eye (fundus oculi). It comprises: A) an illumination source (1); B) illumination optics (1; 2; 4; 8; 9; 10), which generate light in at least two different frequency bands and which can sequentially direct the light onto the fundus; C) focusing optics (2; 3; 14; 15; 16), which can sequentially generate images of the fundus that is illuminated with different frequency bands; and D) a photographic camera (3), which can record the generated images. The device makes it possible, with minimal illumination intensity and without medicinally induced dilation of the patient's pupils, to generate high-quality colour images and, moreover, to record spectrally resolved images. The device also makes it possible to determine different blood values, particularly the haemoglobin concentration, and the opacity of the crystalline lens.

Abstract: To perform end-to-end authentication between a customer premises network termination (CPNT1) of a user and a network access server (NAS1) of a service provider at set-up of a label switched connection in a label switched data packet system, end-to-end authentication information is transported over label distribution signaling channels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the ability to set up connections on demand between subscribers and service providers and allows network capacity to be best shared among users. Whenever a service terminal (ST) requests a service (S) from a service provider (SP), an authentication server (AUTH) checks whether the service terminal can access the requested service. If so, a network controller (CTRL) set up a connection (C) to deliver the requested service with the required quality of service, said connection being established between the network termination (NT), to which the service terminal is coupled, and the access server (AS), to which the service provider is coupled. The authentication server supplies transport requirements of the requested service for establishing the connection.

Abstract: To perform end-to-end authentication between a customer premises network termination (CPNT1) of a user and a network access server (NAS1) of a service provider at set-up of a label switched connection in a label switched data packet system, end-to-end authentication information is transported over label distribution signaling channels.

Abstract: A fuel injection supply circuit including a main filter situated between a low pressure pump and a high pressure pump, and a fuel metering device for supplying a metered flow of fuel to the fuel injectors, is provided with a self-cleaning filter downstream of the high pressure pump such that a first portion of the fuel flow received by the self-cleaning filter is filtered to provide a clean flow of fuel to the fuel metering device and the excess portion of the received fuel flow passes through the center of the self-cleaning filter and is returned, via a control valve, to the circuit upstream of the main filter.

Abstract: A digital frequency demodulator includes a first counter and a second counter measuring the instantaneous and mean values of the period of a frequency modulated signal. A comparator compares the values measured and creates a binary signal of the same frequency as the modulation signal. The measurement of the instantaneous value of the frequency modulated signal is effected by counting the number of reference clock pulses during a period of the modulated signal, and the measurement of the mean value is effected by counting the number of pulses of a clock signal of frequency N times lower than the reference clock during N periods of the modulated signal.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic apparatus for repeated optical or photometric examination of the fundus or another portion of a patient's eye has an illuminating unit with a light source for a microscope. The optical axis of the microscope can be repeatedly moved to one and the same position relative to a beam of radiation issuing from the center of curvature of the external surface of the cornea in a patient's eye with assistance from a positive field lens which is adjustable with the microscope and acts not unlike an ophthalmoscopic lens for indirect ophthalmoscopy. The lens projects for the microscope a real intermediate image of the selected portion of a patient's eye in an intermediate plane adjacent that focal point of the lens which is remote from the patient's eye. An illuminated or radiation emitting marker is provided at that side of the intermediate plane which faces away from the lens and close to the optical axis of the microscope.

Abstract: The ophthalmological instrument serves for examining the background (7) of the eye with simultaneous determination of intraocular pressure. A transparent contact member (1) has a concavely curved surface (13) adapted to the curvature of the cornea (11) of the eye (6). In the center of this curved surface (13), a transparent pressure transmitting element (25) is arranged which acts on a pressure sensor (23) by way of a cavity (19) filled with a liquid (26). The contact member (1) is designed as an imaging optical component forming together with the observation optic (9) an observation device for examination of the eye background (7).

Abstract: A microscope, whose ocular tubes receive light that is reflected by the blind spot or another selected portion in the innermost part of a human eye in response to illumination by a flash unit or a slit lamp, contains an ocular-like casing which replaces one of the oculars and contains a photodiode located in the respective image plane and generating signals denoting the intensity of light in the respective image plane. Such signals are transmitted to one input of a dividing circuit which further receives signals denoting the intensity of light which is emitted by the light source of the flash unit or slit lamp. The signal at the output of the dividing circuit is displaced and/or recorded and is indicative of reflectivity of the selected portion. The other ocular tube of the microscope contains a customary ocular with a marker located in the respective image plane.

Abstract: In a system for decantation treating of liquid containing therein suspended material, the liquid to be treated is pulsatingly introduced into the bottom of a sludge bed and pulsated therein. The liquid is passed upwardly through the sludge bed at a predetermined speed whereby the suspended material is agglomerated and removed from the liquid. The liquid is forced through the sludge bed from the bottom to the top thereof in paths which are inclined both to the horizontal and to the vertical. Specifically, the liquid passes generally upwardly through an assembly of inclined flow control devices which are positioned within the sludge bed throughout substantially the entire height thereof. Sludge settles within the inclined passageways between the flow control devices for a slight distance until the sludge contacts an inclined bottom wall. The sludge then slides downwardly in an inclined manner along the bottom wall in a concentrated path or current.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the measurement of the movement of colloidal particles in suspensions or solutions. The apparatus used in this method comprises an electrophoresis tank equipped with two electrodes between which an electrical field can be applied.A beam of radiation produced at the outside of the tank having a thickness of not more than 1000.mu. as viewed in the direction of the lines of force of the electrical field set up between the electrodes is directed so as to skim the electrode away from which the particles move under the effect of the electrical field.In order to determine the mobility of the particles the optical density of the liquid is measured a first time without applying the electrical field, and a second time after having applied the field during not more than 10 seconds.

Abstract: Device for fixing a vehicle wheel on a balancing machine comprising a platen to be fixed at its center on the rotary shaft of the balancing machine. A series of passages having axes parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft are formed in the platen, the axes being located at the angles of at least two regular polygons. There is provided a set of cranks each having a journal for engagement in a corresponding one of the passages and a stud eccentric with respect to the journal for engagement in one of the fixing operations of the wheel. A mechanism simultaneously drives all the cranks upon rotation of one of the cranks so that the studs of the cranks are at a distance from the center of the platen which is equal to the distance between the fixing apertures and the center of the wheel. One of the passages constitutes an angle common to all the polygons and all the passages are located on the same circumference on the platen.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved method and apparatus for the measurement of the movement of colloidal particles in suspensions or solutions, wherein an electrophoresis tank is equipped with two electrodes and a filtering membrane positioned substantially parallel and equidistant to the electrodes.A flat beam of radiation produced at the outside of the tank having a thickness of not more than 1000 .mu. as viewed in the direction of the lines of force of the electrical field set up between the electrodes is directed so as to skim the side of the membrane from which the particles move under the effect of the electric field.With this improved arrangement the influence of secondary interfering phenomena appearing essentially when measuring the movement of colloidal particles in highly mineralized waste waters, can be eliminated.

Abstract: Vincamine and/or its stereoisomers, a known drug, is made from vincaminol and/or its stereoisomers by successive conversion of the latter into apovincaldehyde, apovincamine, and 16-methoxycarbonyl-eburnane, followed by conversion of the last into vincamine either directly by introduction of a 16-hydroxyl group or by hydrolysis, introduction of a 16-hydroxyl group, and re-esterification.

Abstract: The invention provides vincaminic acid esters of formula ##SPC1##Wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or hydroxy, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 form an additional bond between the two carbon atoms to which they are attached, and R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are hydrogen or methyl, and their salts. The esters are useful in treatment of cardiac-circulatory, cerebal-vascular or respiratory insufficiency.

Abstract: The pincers is of the vice-pincers type and comprises a main lever and a fixed jaw integral with the main lever. A pivotable jaw is pivoted to the main lever and a toggle device connects the pivotable jaw to another part of the main lever. The feature of the pincers is that the toggle device comprises an auxiliary lever pivoted to the pivotable jaw and performing the function of a lever for locking the pincers and a lever of adjustable length which is pivoted at one end to the auxiliary lever and at the opposite end to the main lever.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula ##SPC1##Wherein R.sub.1 is H or OH and R.sub.2 is H or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together represent an additional double bond between the two carbon atoms to which they are attached and m and n are integers of 1 to 5 and 2 to 7 respectively; and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof. The compounds are useful for the treatment of vascular disorders in mammals.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of cis-vincamine by oxidising trans-vincamine with tertiary butyl hypochlorite to obtain dehydrovincamine chloride, reducing the dehydrovincamine chloride with a metal in an aqeous acidic medium and neutralising the product, and separating cis-vincamine from the resulting mixture of cis- and trans-vincamines. Cis-vincamine is useful for the treatment of circulatory disorders.