Abstract: A seagrass planting system that includes a planting spike. The planting spike includes: a tine end feature having a converging portion and a base portion having disposed thereon a seagrass securing mechanism for securing a seagrass segment; an alignment guide feature extending from the base portion, spanning from a first end to second end, and including a first alignment edge and a second alignment edge disposed on an area located between the first end and the second end; and force receiving feature extending at an angle relative to the second end.

Abstract: An apparatus for receiving an analyte comprises two opposing housings that clamp onto a substrate. One of the housings includes passageways that deliver the analyte and optical signals to the substrate. Another one of the housings includes passageways that allow optical signals, which have passed through the substrate, to travel to photometric sensors which may be used to study the analyte or its effects. The apparatus may include a light guide that uniformly distributes light from a plurality of point emitters to multiple areas of the substrate. The apparatus may include an actuator assembly that opens and closes the two housing to allow for installation and removal of the substrate. The substrate may be carried in a cartridge that is removable from the two housings.