Abstract: A method for making a prediction regarding a malady in a retina of a subject, the method including: (a) receiving at least one retinal image of the retina; (b) calculating a prediction about the retina based on the at least one retinal image of the retina using at least one specialized machine learning (ML) model, the prediction pertaining to whether the malady will develop or manifest or progress in the retina within a time-period.

Abstract: A method for detecting abnormalities or suspicious artifacts in a retinal image and training a learning machine on retinal images, the method including: acquiring data features from the retinal image; mapping a structure of a retinal blood vessel network from the retinal image; analyzing the structure to compute blood vessel features; and analyzing a set of the data features from the retinal image vis-à-vis a corresponding set of the blood vessel features. All these features are used to train a learning machine mechanism to improve statistical models.