Abstract: A turbocharger turbine wastegate assembly can include a bushing with a stepped bore that includes an axial face; a wastegate where a shaft includes an end portion, a first axial face, a journal portion, a second axial face and a shoulder portion, where the first axial face is defined at least in part by an end portion diameter and a journal portion diameter, and where the second axial face is defined at least in part by the journal portion diameter and a shoulder portion diameter; a mesh spacer disposed radially about an axial length of the end portion of the shaft; and a shim disposed radially about an axial length of the end portion of the shaft between the axial face of the stepped bore of the bushing and the first axial face of the shaft.

Abstract: A turbocharger turbine wastegate assembly can include a bushing with a stepped bore that includes an axial face; a wastegate where a shaft includes an end portion, a first axial face, a journal portion, a second axial face and a shoulder portion, where the first axial face is defined at least in part by an end portion diameter and a journal portion diameter, and where the second axial face is defined at least in part by the journal portion diameter and a shoulder portion diameter; a mesh spacer disposed radially about an axial length of the end portion of the shaft; and a shim disposed radially about an axial length of the end portion of the shaft between the axial face of the stepped bore of the bushing and the first axial face of the shaft.

Abstract: A combined exhaust gas noise silencer consisting of a system of hollow elements with a mutual housing comprising a front face of the silencer connected to the supply pipe of exhaust gases, and a rear face of the silencer with an outlet from the rear face of the silencer, where the original—inlet exhaust gas (?p) carrying a noise wave is divided into at least two flows—an exhaust gas flow (?z) carrying a shifted noise wave with delayed wave length, and an exhaust gas flow (?n) carrying a non-shifted noise wave, which are subsequently combined into a common exhaust gas flow (?s).