Abstract: A downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus is disclosed, which includes a ground portion (10) and a downhole portion (20), the ground portion (10) is provided with an atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus (1) and a quantum detection device (2) from which quantum data is read, the downhole portion (20) includes an electromagnetic wave transmission system (3) configured for encoding a signal detected from a downhole and transmitting the signal through an electromagnetic wave. The apparatus has the characteristics of high detection sensitivity, wide operation temperature range, low operation energy consumption, small occupied volume, large channel width, high transmission rate and low cost, and has obvious advantages in terms of wireless transmission of downhole-to-ground data communication.