Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a perovskite of A2BX4, where A includes an R-form of a chiral molecule of at least one of and/or an S-form of the chiral molecule, B includes a cation, X includes an anion, R1 includes a first carbon chain having between 2 and 5 carbon atoms, R2 includes at least one of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a carboxylic acid group, an alkoxy group, and/or a second carbon chain, and R3 includes a third carbon chain.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a perovskite of A2BX4, where A includes an R-form of a chiral molecule of at least one of and/or an S-form of the chiral molecule, B includes a cation, X includes an anion, R1 includes a first carbon chain having between 2 and 5 carbon atoms, R2 includes at least one of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a carboxylic acid group, an alkoxy group, and/or a second carbon chain, and R3 includes a third carbon chain.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting apparatus includes an organic light-emitting device and a magnetic field-applying member that applies a magnetic field to the organic light-emitting device. The organic light-emitting device includes a host and a dopant.

Abstract: In one aspect, field effect transistors are described herein employing channels formed of hybrid halide perovskite materials. For example, a field effect transistor comprises a source terminal, a drain terminal and a gate terminal wherein a dielectric layer is positioned between the gate terminal and the source and drain terminals. A channel layer is in electrical communication with the source terminal and the drain terminal, the channel layer comprising an organic-inorganic perovskite in contact with a polymeric surface of the dielectric layer.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device including a magnetoresistive element including a first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer, and a separation layer disposed between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer, an organic light-emitting element electrically connected to the magnetoresistive element, wherein the organic light-emitting element comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic light-emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, a magnetic field applying unit configured to apply a magnetic field to at least the magnetoresistive element, and optionally, to the organic light-emitting element, a power source configured to supply a current between the magnetoresistive element and the organic light-emitting element, and a current source configured to apply a current between both terminals of the organic light-emitting element, wherein light-emission characteristics of the organic light-emitting device are changed depending on a direction and

Abstract: In one aspect, field effect transistors are described herein employing channels formed of hybrid halide perovskite materials. For example, a field effect transistor comprises a source terminal, a drain terminal and a gate terminal wherein a dielectric layer is positioned between the gate terminal and the source and drain terminals. A channel layer is in electrical communication with the source terminal and the drain terminal, the channel layer comprising an organic-inorganic perovskite in contact with a polymeric surface of the dielectric layer.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device including a magnetoresistive element including a first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer, and a separation layer disposed between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer, an organic light-emitting element electrically connected to the magnetoresistive element, wherein the organic light-emitting element comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic light-emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, a magnetic field applying unit configured to apply a magnetic field to at least the magnetoresistive element, and optionally, to the organic light-emitting element, a power source configured to supply a current between the magnetoresistive element and the organic light-emitting element, and a current source configured to apply a current between both terminals of the organic light-emitting element, wherein light-emission characteristics of the organic light-emitting device are changed depending on a direction and

Abstract: Spin-polarized organic light-emitting diodes are provided. Such spin-polarized organic light-emitting diodes incorporate ferromagnetic electrodes and show considerable spin-valve magneto-electroluminescence and magneto-conductivity responses, with voltage and temperature dependencies that originate from the bipolar spin-polarized space charge limited current.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting apparatus includes an organic light-emitting device and a magnetic field-applying member that applies a magnetic field to the organic light-emitting device. The organic light-emitting device includes a host and a dopant.

Abstract: A polymer mixture emits a broad spectrum of visible light that appears white or near-white in the aggregate. The polymer mixture comprises two (or more) components in the active layer. A heavy atom, such as platinum and/or iridium, present in the backbone of the mixture acts via a spin-orbit coupling mechanism to cause the ratio of fluorescent to phosphorescent light emission bands to be of approximately equal strength. These two broad emissions overlap, resulting in an emission spectrum that appears to the eye to be white.

Abstract: Spin-polarized organic light-emitting diodes are provided. Such spin-polarized organic light-emitting diodes incorporate ferromagnetic electrodes and show considerable spin-valve magneto-electroluminescence and magneto-conductivity responses, with voltage and temperature dependencies that originate from the bipolar spin-polarized space charge limited current.

Abstract: An organic spintronic photovoltaic device having an organic electron active layer functionally associated with a pair of electrodes. The organic electron active layer can include a spin active molecular radical distributed in the active layer which increases spin-lattice relaxation rates within the active layer. The increased spin lattice relaxation rate can also influence the efficiency of OLED and charge mobility in FET device.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) uses a ?-conjugated polymer emissive layer (MEH-PPV) sandwiched between two semitransparent electrodes. The preferred embodiment utilizes an optically thin gold film anode, whereas the cathode was in the form of an optically thick aluminum (Al) film with patterned periodic subwavelength 2D hole array that showed anomalous transmission in the spectral range of the polymer photoluminescence band. At similar current densities we obtained a seven-fold electroluminescence efficiency enhancement with the patterned Al device compared with a control device based on unperforated Al electrode.

Abstract: A class of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) emit light tailored to the absorption spectra of growing plants. Upon photoexcitation, the OLEDs generate light in both the blue-green and red regions of the visible spectrum. A heavy metal atom present in the ?-conjugated polymer chain (such as platinum and/or iridium) acts via the spin-orbit coupling mechanism to cause an enhancement of the ratio of fluorescent to phosphorescent emission to be of approximately equal strength. These two emission bands overlap the absorption spectra of common plants grown under hydroponic conditions.

Abstract: A polymer mixture emits a broad spectrum of visible light that appears white or near-white in the aggregate. The polymer mixture comprises two (or more) components in the active layer. A heavy atom, such as platinum and/or iridium, present in the backbone of the mixture acts via a spin-orbit coupling mechanism to cause the ratio of fluorescent to phosphorescent light emission bands to be of approximately equal strength. These two broad emissions overlap. resulting in an emission spectrum that appears to the eye to be white.