Abstract: The use of vegetable anthraquinone derivatives and vegetable polysaccharides for treating human immunodeficiency virus(HIV); the anthraquinone derivatives and polysaccharides were obtained by CO2 supercritical extraction from plants, then the vegetable anthraquinone derivatives and vegetable polysaccharides alone or the mixture thereof were subject to test for inhibiting HIV virus, HIV virus was added to the culture plate containing emodins and Rheum hotaoense polysaccharides good growth of cells and reduction of virus amount were observed. So said emodins and Rheum hotaoense polysaccharides can be used as active ingredient to preparing drugs or foods for treating AIDS.