Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a computer-implemented method for use in an electronic design. Embodiments may include performing, using a processor, a simulation of a multi-layered electronic structure and extracting a circuit model of the multi-layered electronic structure, wherein the circuit model includes at least two plates. Embodiments may also include extracting one or more parasitic parameters of at least one via associated with the circuit model and calculating a coupling coefficient associated with a controlled source of the circuit model. Embodiments may further include extracting a transmission line mode from the circuit model and linking the circuit model, at least one via, and the transmission line mode to an external circuit to generate a modeled system. Embodiments may also include solving the modeled system using a modified nodal analysis.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a computer-implemented method for use in an electronic design. Embodiments may include receiving, using at least one processor, an electronic design and linking a printed circuit board (PCB) block to a physical layout associated with the electronic design. Embodiments may further include receiving, at a layout environment, at least one simulation parameter and performing, using a finite difference time domain (“FDTD”) simulator, a time-domain simulation, based upon, at least in part, the at least one simulation parameter.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate and a photovoltaic power module incorporating the semiconductor substrate. The substrate includes one or more bypass diodes formed integrally in the semiconductor substrate, each bypass diode corresponding to a respective one or more photovoltaic cells, and metallised zones being electrically and thermally coupled to the bypass diodes. The substrate enables photovoltaic cells to be placed close together, and has low thermal resistance. Methods of manufacturing the substrate and module are provided.

Abstract: A protective circuit for an electrically floating photovoltaic array including a plurality of strings, each string including one or more photovoltaic modules connected in series, the plurality of strings being connected in parallel to supply electrical power from the photovoltaic modules to a load. A first string of the plurality of strings further includes two diodes connected in series, with one or more of the photovoltaic modules connected in series between the two diodes, to prevent a harmful reverse cur rent through at least one photovoltaic module in the event of a multiple earth fault.

Abstract: A method of imaging an object contained in a medium, having a specific impedance which is different from the specific impedance of the medium, comprising applying current to the medium at various locations at a surface of the medium, extracting current at other locations, detecting voltages produced by the current which has passed through the medium from the surface of the medium at various other locations, successively determining a location and shape and conductivity of the object with increasing accuracy by processing values of the detected voltages, determining a region in the medium in which the object is located from values of the detected voltages which are within upper and lower threshold values, applying acceleration procedures to the conductivities within the region in the course of iterative refinement of these values in the course of an imaging procedure, subsequently restricting further determination of the location of the object with increasing accuracy to voltages obtained from the region of th

Abstract: A method of imaging an object contained in a medium, having a specific impedance which is different from the specific impedance of the medium, comprising applying current to the medium at various locations at a surface of the medium, extracting current at other locations, detecting voltages produced by the current which has passed through the medium from the surface of the medium at various other locations, successively determining a location and shape and conductivity of the object with increasing accuracy by processing values of the detected voltages, determining a region in the medium in which the object is located from values of the detected voltages which are within upper and lower threshold values, applying acceleration procedures to the conductivities within the region in the course of iterative refinement of these values in the course of an imaging procedure, subsequently restricting further determination of the location of the object with increasing accuracy to voltages obtained from the region of th

Abstract: A method of imaging an object contained in a medium, having a specific impedance which is different from the specific impedance of the medium, comprising applying current to the medium at various locations at a surface of the medium, extracting current at other locations, detecting voltages produced by the current which has passed through the medium from the surface of the medium at various other locations, successively determining a location and shape and conductivity of the object with increasing accuracy by processing values of the detected voltages, determining a region in the medium in which the object is located from values of the detected voltages which are within upper and lower threshold values, applying acceleration procedures to the conductivities within the region in the course of iterative refinement of these values in the course of an imaging procedure, subsequently restricting further determination of the location of the object with increasing accuracy to voltages obtained from the region of th