Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the optical resolution of (RS)-?-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid with a chiral amine in a mixed solvent of aromatics and alkyl alcohol of C4-C8 to produce (S)-?-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid. The (S)-?-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid is converted to (S)-?-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetamide.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the optical resolution of (RS)-?-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid with a chiral amine and an optically inactive amine to form an ionic liquid in a solvent to produce (S)-?-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid. The (S)-?-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid is converted to (S)-?-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetamide.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the optical resolution of (RS)-?-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid with a chiral amine in a solvent comprising an alkyl alcohol of C4-C6 to produce (S)-?-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid. The (S)-?-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid is converted to (S)-?-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetamide.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a display panel, a display device, and a method for manufacturing a display panel. The display panel includes a pixel unit. The pixel unit includes a plurality of sub-pixel units. Each of the plurality of sub-pixel units includes at least one transparent film layer. Each of the plurality of sub-pixel units is divided into a light-emitting area and a light-transmitting area, and the quantity of the transparent film layer in the light-transmitting area is smaller than the quantity of the transparent film layer in the light-emitting area.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the production of levetiracetam by crystallizing levetiracetam in an aqueous solution, optionally in the presence of a water-soluble solvent. The product of levetiracetam contains no residual organic solvent.

Abstract: An electrode assembly short circuit identification method includes: during charging, according to preset sampling time points, sequentially acquiring a voltage of an electrode assembly at each of the sampling time points; judging whether the electrode assembly has a continuous voltage drop according to the voltage acquired at each of the sampling time points; and determining whether the electrode assembly has a short circuit according to a judgment result.

Abstract: A composite ceramic including: a lithium garnet major phase; and a grain growth inhibitor minor phase, as defined herein. Also disclosed is a method of making composite ceramic, pellets and tapes thereof, a solid electrolyte, and an electrochemical device including the solid electrolyte, as defined herein.

Abstract: A display substrate having a plurality of subpixels is provided. A respective one of the plurality of subpixels includes a light emitting element; a first thin film transistor configured to driving light emission of the light emitting element; and a light emitting brightness value detector. The light emitting brightness value detector includes a second thin film transistor; and a photosensor electrically connected to the second thin film transistor and configured to detect a light emitting brightness value. The display substrate further includes a silicon organic glass layer on a side of at least one of the first thin film transistor or the second thin film transistor away from a base substrate; and the photosensor is on a side of the silicon organic glass layer away from the base substrate.

Abstract: An array substrate includes: a base; light shield layers and a first auxiliary electrode that are disposed on the base; at least one insulating layer covering the light shield layers and the first auxiliary electrode; first electrodes that are disposed on the at least one insulating layer, a conductive connection portion; a pixel definition layer defining light-emitting regions and covering the conductive connection portion; organic light-emitting layers disposed on the first electrodes and located in the light-emitting regions defined by the pixel definition layer; and at least one second electrode covering the pixel definition layer and the organic light-emitting layers. A second electrode is electrically connected to the conductive connection portion through a via that penetrates through the pixel definition layer. The conductive connection portion is electrically connected to the first auxiliary electrode through a via that penetrates through the at least one insulating layer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the production of brivaracetam by converting an intermediate of the formula: to an intermediate of the formula: and then to brivaracetam; wherein R1 and R2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkali, alkaline earth metal, alkyl, and a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A display substrate, includes a plurality of subpixels arranged in a matrix. Each subpixel is provided with a pixel driver circuit that includes a plurality of thin film transistors and a storage capacitor. The storage capacitor of a present subpixel among the plurality of subpixels and the storage capacitor of an adjacent subpixel adjacent to the current subpixel are disposed in a shared capacitance region of the present subpixel and the adjacent subpixel, and the storage capacitor of the present subpixel and the storage capacitor of the adjacent subpixel are stacked.

Abstract: An array substrate includes a base substrate and a pixel defining layer on the base substrate. The pixel defining layer includes a plurality of thickness thinning regions. The thickness thinning regions have a smaller height than other areas of the pixel define layer on the base substrate. The plurality of the thickness thinning regions is configured to guide flow of fillers to form an encapsulating layer on the pixel defining layer.

Abstract: The invention disclosed a method for conducting site-directed modification to a plant genome using non-inheritable materials. The method provided in the present invention specifically comprises the following steps: introducing a non-inheritable material into a cell or a tissue or a part of the plant of interest; wherein said non-inheritable material is a nuclease specific to said target fragment or an mRNA expressing said nuclease, thereby the target fragment is cleaved by said nuclease and site-directed modification to the target fragment is achieved through DNA repairing in the plant. By introducing a non-inheritable material of sequence-specific nuclease, site-directed mutation in a plant gene can be achieved, and no exogenous gene or nucleic acid fragments will be integrated into the plant as obtained. Therefore, the present invention can lead to more precise genome function study and higher biosafety in breeding.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for forming a graphene film on a substrate, the methods comprising depositing graphene on a surface of the substrate by a first vapor deposition step to form a discontinuous graphene crystal layer; depositing a graphene oxide layer on the discontinuous graphene crystal layer to form a composite layer; and depositing graphene on the composite layer by a second vapor deposition step, wherein the graphene oxide layer is substantially reduced to a graphene layer during the second vapor deposition step. Transparent coated substrates comprising such graphene films are also disclosed herein, wherein the graphene films have a resistance of less than about 10 K?/sq.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of detecting pancreatic cancer in a subject, the method comprising measuring in a sample from the subject a level of CA19-9 polysaccharide relative to a reference, and a level of a polynucleotide or polypeptide of at least one marker selected from the group consisting of: OPN, MIA, CEACAM-1, MIC-1, SPON1, HSP27, POSTN, and LGALS3BP relative to a reference, wherein an increased level of the CA19-9 polysaccharide relative to a reference and an increased level of the polynucleotide or polypeptide relative to a reference indicates presence of pancreatic cancer in the subject.

Abstract: A green tape composition includes at least one Li-garnet ceramic powder; at least one excess lithium source; at least one dispersant; at least one binder; and at least one plasticizer, such that a porosity of the green tape composition is <10 vol. %. A method includes dispersing at least one lithium garnet powder and at least one excess lithium source in a predetermined ratio in an organic solvent to form a garnet suspension; adding at least one dispersant, at least one binder, and at least one plasticizer to the garnet suspension; milling the garnet suspension; and de-airing under vacuum, such that a porosity of the green tape composition is <10 vol. %.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved process for the production of L-carnitine, comprising the steps of: (a) mixing an organic base with an acid solution comprised of L-carnitine to form an organic base salt of the acid, optionally in the presence of a solvent; (b) removing the organic base salt of step (a) to yield a solution comprised of L-carnitine; and (c) isolating the L-carnitine from the solution of step (b).

Abstract: A cathode for a lithium-sulfur battery includes a sulfur-based composite layer having a porosity in a range of 60% to 99%; and a conductive polymer disposed atop the composite layer and within pores of the composite layer. Moreover, a method of forming a cathode for a lithium-sulfur battery includes providing a substrate; disposing a sulfur-based slurry layer on the substrate; freeze-drying the slurry layer to form a sulfur-based composite layer having a porosity in a range of 60% to 99%; and disposing a conductive polymer atop the composite layer and within pores of the composite layer.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved process for the production of L-carnitine, comprising a step of decolorizing L-carnitinenitrile and removing residual alkali cyanide from a solution of L-carnitinenitrile with an oxidant, wherein the oxidant is preferably hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite.

Abstract: A cathode configured for a solid-state battery includes a body having grains of inorganic material sintered to one another, wherein the grains comprise lithium. A thickness of the body is from 3 ?m to 100 ?m. The first major surface and the second major surface have an unpolished granular profile such that the profile includes grains protruding outward from the respective major surface with a height of at least 25 nm and no more than 150 ?m relative to recessed portions of the respective major surface at boundaries between the respective grains.