Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions and methods of use of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) and its derivatives as one of the components for decreasing the viscosity of heavy oils, extra heavy oils, high asphaltene natural bitumen, and tar sands (i.e., heavy oils). The decrease in viscosity of heavy oils increases the ability of the heavy oil mixture to be piped, transported, stored and used. The present disclosure provides compositions containing at least one of anacardic acid, cardanol and cardol, and at least one of a surfactant, a co-solvent, and water. The present disclosure provides compositions that are useful as viscosity reducing agents, heavy oil upgrading agents, wellbore cleaning agents, enhanced oil recovery agents, and cleaning agents for asphaltene-containing materials. Biofuel compositions are also provided by the present disclosure.

Abstract: A conductive film includes a substrate, a first matrix layer, a first conductive layer, a second matrix layer, and a second conductive layer. The substrate includes a first surface and an oppositely arranged second surface. The first matrix layer is attached to the first surface. The first conductive layer is embedded in the first matrix layer. The second matrix layer is attached to a side of the first matrix layer away from the substrate. The second conductive layer is embedded in the second matrix layer. Due to the capacitor formed between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, it just needs to attach the conductive film to a glass panel when the conductive film is adopted to manufacture a touch screen, without bonding two pieces of conductive films.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a patterned transparent conductive film based on the random grid, wherein the surface of the conductive film can be divided into a conductive region and an insulating region, with the conductive region having the grid made of metal. The grid of the conductive region, composed of the grid line of the conductive region, is a random grid having an irregular shape, and can avoid periodic shielding generated by the opaque metal grid lines and the periodic pixel unit of LCD. The patterned transparent conductive film provided by the present invention is composed of the irregular random grid, and therefore will not generate the Moire stripe. Besides, finally by naked eyes observation, the conductive region and the insulating region have exactly the same or close transmittance, and therefore will not generate the grayscale contrast.

Abstract: A double-sided patterned transparent conductive film includes an upper surface conductive layer (12) and a lower surface conductive layer (12). The upper surface conductive layer is a patterned trench network; the lower surface conductive layer is a full-surface trench network. A trench of the upper surface conductive layer is filled with conductive material (13), and a trench of the lower surface conductive layer is intermittently filled with conductive material (13). The double-sided patterned transparent conductive film has a high resolution, transmittance, independently adjustable square resistance and many other advantages, such that the transparent conductive film saves a cost of PET. According to the manufacturing method, the alignment is not needed for double-sided imprinting of a single flexible substrate, thus the process is simple, low cost, advantageous for industrial production.

Abstract: A UV forming apparatus and method for roll to roll alignment is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an unrolling mechanism (101), a coating mechanism (102), a UV forming mechanism (100), a stripping mechanism (107) and a withdraw roll mechanism (110); wherein the apparatus further comprises an adjusting alignment mechanism (10) comprising a flat mold supporting apparatus (116) and an alignment probe (108), the flat mold supporting apparatus (116) is capable of adjusting the position of the flat mold at three degrees of freedom including horizontal, vertical, and angle; the mold (112) is disposed on the flat mold supporting apparatus, the UV forming mechanism (100) and the adjusting alignment mechanism (10) are fixed to the forming apparatus. The present disclosure eliminates the influence of the cumulative error and the bubbles to patterns in the alignment procedure during production.

Abstract: A transparent conductive film module is provided which includes a first transparent conductive film and a second transparent conductive film, which are transparent conductive films with metal embedded grids and have grid-like grooves evenly filled with conductive material. The slope of the grid metal lines in the first transparent conductive film has greater probability density in a lateral direction than that in a vertical direction; slope of the grid metal lines in the second transparent conductive film has greater probability density in a vertical direction than in a lateral direction.

Abstract: A UV forming apparatus and method for roll to roll alignment is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an unrolling mechanism (101), a coating mechanism (102), a UV forming mechanism (100), a stripping mechanism (107) and a withdraw roll mechanism (110); wherein the apparatus further comprises an adjusting alignment mechanism (10) comprising a flat mold supporting apparatus (116) and an alignment probe (108), the flat mold supporting apparatus (116) is capable of adjusting the position of the flat mold at three degrees of freedom including horizontal, vertical, and angle; the mold (112) is disposed on the flat mold supporting apparatus, the UV forming mechanism (100) and the adjusting alignment mechanism (10) are fixed to the forming apparatus. The present disclosure eliminates the influence of the cumulative error and the bubbles to patterns in the alignment procedure during production.

Abstract: A conductive film includes a substrate, a first matrix layer, a first conductive layer, a second matrix layer, and a second conductive layer. The substrate includes a first surface and an oppositely arranged second surface. The first matrix layer is attached to the first surface. The first conductive layer is embedded in the first matrix layer. The second matrix layer is attached to a side of the first matrix layer away from the substrate. The second conductive layer is embedded in the second matrix layer. Due to the capacitor formed between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, it just needs to attach the conductive film to a glass panel when the conductive film is adopted to manufacture a touch screen, without bonding two pieces of conductive films. Therefore, the touch screen using the conductive film has a smaller thickness. In addition, a method for manufacturing the conductive film and a touch screen including the conductive film are also provided by the present disclosure.

Abstract: A conductive film includes a substrate, a first conductive layer, a matrix layer, and a second conductive layer. The substrate includes a first surface and an oppositely arranged second surface. The first conductive layer is embedded in the substrate. The matrix layer is set on the first surface of the substrate. The matrix layer is formed by solidified jelly coating. The second conductive layer embedded in the matrix layer. The second conductive layer is insulated from the first conductive layer. Due to the capacitor formed between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, it just needs to attach the conductive film to a glass panel when the conductive film is adopted to manufacture a touch screen, without bonding two pieces of conductive films. In addition, the matrix layer, formed by solidifying the jelly painted on the substrate, is with a much smaller thickness than the substrate. Therefore, the touch screen using the conductive film has a smaller thickness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to to a metal mesh conductive layer and touch panel having the conductive layer. A surface of the conductive layer includes a transparent electrode region and an electrode lead region, the transparent electrode region having a mesh made of metal; the electrode lead region having a mesh made of conductive material containing metal. The mesh is made of conductive material containing metal filled in a trench. The transparent electrode region of present invention uses mesh to more uniformly fill the conductive material into the trench, as well as a better bonding to the outside conductive material. The transparent electrode region made of irregular mesh can prevent the generation of Moire.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a conductive structure of a transparent conductive film, the transparent conductive film and a preparation method thereof, wherein the transparent conductive film has a single-sided double-layer conductive structure, which includes a first metal embedded layer embossed on the substrate or on the polymer layer on the surface of the substrate, and a second metal embedded layer embossed on the polymer material applied onto the surface of the first metal embedded layer. The first and second layers of the conductive structure have a grid recess structure, with all the recesses filled with the conductive material. The single-sided double-layer graphic transparent conductive film provided by the present invention has a high resolution, a high transmittance, an independently adjustable sheet resistance, and many other advantages. The transparent conductive film can reduce the cost as well as weight and thickness of the touch panel.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a patterned transparent conductive film based on the random grid, wherein the surface of the conductive film can be divided into a conductive region and an insulating region, with the conductive region having the grid made of metal. The grid of the conductive region, composed of the grid line of the conductive region, is a random grid having an irregular shape, and can avoid periodic shielding generated by the opaque metal grid lines and the periodic pixel unit of LCD. The patterned transparent conductive film provided by the present invention is composed of the irregular random grid, and therefore will not generate the Moire stripe. Besides, finally by naked eyes observation, the conductive region and the insulating region have exactly the same or close transmittance, and therefore will not generate the grayscale contrast.

Abstract: We have established and studied a colony of mice with a unique trait of host resistance to both ascites and solid cancers induced by transplantable cells. One dramatic manifestation of this trait is age-dependent spontaneous regression of advanced cancers. This powerful resistance segregates as a single-locus dominant trait, is independent of tumor burden and is effective against cell lines from multiple types of cancer. During spontaneous regression or immediately following exposure, cancer cells provoke a massive infiltration of host leukocytes which form aggregates and rosettes with tumor cells. The cytolytic destruction of cancer cells by innate leukocytes is rapid and specific without apparent damage to normal cells. The mice are healthy, cancer-free and have a normal life span. These observations suggest a previously unrecognized mechanism of immune surveillance that may have potential for therapy or prevention of cancer.

Abstract: A method of treating cancer comprises: (a) providing allogenic or autologous white blood cells from a suitable donor; and then (b) administering the white blood cells to the subject in an amount effective to treat the cancer. Preferably the white blood cells comprise innate immune cells. Preferably the white blood cells comprise less than 10% by number of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Preferably the white blood cells, or more particularly the innate immune cells, are preselected in vitro to kill cancer cells in vitro (for example, by collecting white blood cells from the patient and determining that the white blood cells kill cancer cells in vitro before and thereby pre-selecting the donor, before collecting a subsequent population of cells from the donor for administration).

Abstract: A method of treating cancer comprises: (a) providing allogenic or autologous white blood cells from a suitable donor; and then (b) administering the white blood cells to the subject in an amount effective to treat the cancer. Preferably the white blood cells comprise innate immune cells. Preferably the white blood cells comprise less than 10% by number of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Preferably the white blood cells, or more particularly the innate immune cells, are preselected in vitro to kill cancer cells in vitro (for example, by collecting white blood cells from the patient and determining that the white blood cells kill cancer cells in vitro before and thereby pre-selecting the donor, before collecting a subsequent population of cells from the donor for administration).

Abstract: We have established and studied a colony of mice with a unique trait of host resistance to both ascites and solid cancers induced by transplantable cells. One dramatic manifestation of this trait is age-dependent spontaneous regression of advanced cancers. This powerful resistance segregates as a single-locus dominant trait, is independent of tumor burden and is effective against cell lines from multiple types of cancer. During spontaneous regression or immediately following exposure, cancer cells provoke a massive infiltration of host leukocytes which form aggregates and rosettes with tumor cells. The cytolytic destruction of cancer cells by innate leukocytes is rapid and specific without apparent damage to normal cells. The mice are healthy, cancer-free and have a normal life span. These observations suggest a previously unrecognized mechanism of immune surveillance that may have potential for therapy or prevention of cancer.

Abstract: We have established and studied a colony of mice with a unique trait of host resistance to both ascites and solid cancers induced by transplantable cells. One dramatic manifestation of this trait is age-dependent spontaneous regression of advanced cancers. This powerful resistance segregates as a single-locus dominant trait, is independent of tumor burden and is effective against cell lines from multiple types of cancer. During spontaneous regression or immediately following exposure, cancer cells provoke a massive infiltration of host leukocytes which form aggregates and rosettes with tumor cells. The cytolytic destruction of cancer cells by innate leukocytes is rapid and specific without apparent damage to normal cells. The mice are healthy, cancer-free and have a normal life span. These observations suggest a previously unrecognized mechanism of immune surveillance that may have potential for therapy or prevention of cancer.