Abstract: A program startup method, an electronic system, and a non-transitory storage medium are disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The method includes detecting a startup requirement for a program, startup codes of the program being at least partially stored in an external memory, and a part of the startup codes stored in the external memory comprising a plurality of code segments; and performing an operation of loading one of the code segments of the external memory to a RAM and running the one of the code segments multiple times. The one of the code segments loaded each time is different with each other. A size of each code segment is less than or equal to a size of an area of the RAM capable of executing each code segment.

Abstract: A visible light positioning (VLP)-assisted multi-user optical communication system includes a micro base station and a user receiver; the micro base station includes a mounting plate, a visible light locator is provided at a middle of a bottom surface of the mounting plate, the bottom surface of the mounting plate is provided with a plurality of automatic tracking optical communication devices surrounding around the visible light locator; the visible light locator is connected to the plurality of automatic tracking optical communication devices through a serial bus; a micro base station ID and a current working status data of the automatic tracking optical communication devices are cyclically broadcast to a coverage area through the visible light locator; a user location coordinate and a user identification are sent to the visible light locator by the user receiver.

Abstract: A record of authorization including user information is received and appended to a blockchain. The record of authorization authorizes access by a third-party application to the user information for an access duration. The user information is encrypted by a group key and access duration is based on a change to the group key. The group key comprises a public/private key pair, and the access duration is implemented by an authorization group of nodes having the group key. The group key corresponds to either a valid group key at or near the start of the access duration, that enables decryption of a message in the record of authorization that includes the user information, or an incompatible group key at or after the end of the access duration, that does not enable decryption of the message in the record of authorization that includes the user information.

Abstract: A program startup method, an electronic system, and a non-transitory storage medium are disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The method includes detecting a startup requirement for a program, startup codes of the program being at least partially stored in an external memory, and a part of the startup codes stored in the external memory comprising a plurality of code segments; and performing an operation of loading one of the code segments of the external memory to a RAM and running the one of the code segments multiple times. The one of the code segments loaded each time is different with each other. A size of each code segment is less than or equal to a size of an area of the RAM capable of executing each code segment.

Abstract: A record of authorization including user information is received and appended to a blockchain. The record of authorization authorizes access by a third-party application to the user information for an access duration. The user information is encrypted by a group key and access duration is based on a change to the group key. The group key comprises a public/private key pair, and the access duration is implemented by an authorization group of nodes having the group key. The group key corresponds to either a valid group key at or near the start of the access duration, that enables decryption of a message in the record of authorization that includes the user information, or an incompatible group key at or after the end of the access duration, that does not enable decryption of the message in the record of authorization that includes the user information.

Abstract: A mechanism for managing a decentralized application functioning within an application shard in a decentralized network includes an access control mechanism and a resource control mechanism. The access control mechanism includes access logic that determines if a request to submit a transaction for execution by the decentralized application is valid. The request is received from an originator through the decentralized application. The resource control mechanism is called when a request is determined by the access control mechanism to be a valid request. The resource control mechanism includes resource logic that determines if a criterion is satisfied. The criterion may include one or more of a first criterion associated with the originator and a second criterion associated with the application shard. The resource control mechanism further includes forwarding logic that initiates a forwarding of the validated request to the application shard if the criterion is satisfied.

Abstract: A packet including a message intended for a smart contract associated with the second subchain and a node identifier is constructed at each of a plurality of nodes associated with the first subchain. The message constructed by the plurality of nodes are identical and may be a transaction request requesting the smart contract to execute on a blockchain. Each of the packets is sent to one or more nodes associated with the second subchain. The packets and messages received by one or more of a plurality of nodes associated with the second subchain are monitored and processed at the second subchain to determine if a consensus on request has been reached from the first subchain. If a consensus on request has been reached from the first subchain, the smart contract associated with the second subchain executes on the blockchain in accordance with the transaction request.

Abstract: A packet including a message intended for a smart contract associated with the second subchain and a node identifier is constructed at each of a plurality of nodes associated with the first subchain. The message constructed by the plurality of nodes are identical and may be a transaction request requesting the smart contract to execute on a blockchain. Each of the packets is sent to one or more nodes associated with the second subchain. The packets and messages received by one or more of a plurality of nodes associated with the second subchain are monitored and processed at the second subchain to determine if a consensus on request has been reached from the first subchain. If a consensus on request has been reached from the first subchain, the smart contract associated with the second subchain executes on the blockchain in accordance with the transaction request.

Abstract: A mechanism for managing a decentralized application functioning within an application shard in a decentralized network includes an access control mechanism and a resource control mechanism. The access control mechanism includes access logic that determines if a request to submit a transaction for execution by the decentralized application is valid. The request is received from an originator through the decentralized application. The resource control mechanism is called when a request is determined by the access control mechanism to be a valid request. The resource control mechanism includes resource logic that determines if a criterion is satisfied. The criterion may include one or more of a first criterion associated with the originator and a second criterion associated with the application shard. The resource control mechanism further includes forwarding logic that initiates a forwarding of the validated request to the application shard if the criterion is satisfied.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for updating navigation map are disclosed. The method includes: fusing captured three-dimensional (3D) data and two-dimensional data (2D) image data of a street view to generate 3D fused data representing the street view; and updating the navigation map in real time according to the 3D fused data. Thus, the disclosure provides a way to update the navigation map in real time.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for updating navigation map are disclosed. The method includes: fusing captured three-dimensional (3D) data and two-dimensional data (2D) image data of a street view to generate 3D fused data representing the street view; and updating the navigation map in real time according to the 3D fused data. Thus, the disclosure provides a way to update the navigation map in real time.