Abstract: Metals, such as mercury, may be removed from aqueous, hydrocarbon, or mixed oilfield or refinery fluids by: applying a sulfur compound having the general formula HS-X, wherein X is a heteroatom substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, and/or alkylaryl group either alone or in combination with or as a blend with at least one demulsifier, a buffering agent, a pour point depressant, and/or a water clarifier to chelate the at least one metal and form a chelate complex of the sulfur compound with the at least one metal and then separating the chelate complex from the fluid.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to the use of a portable Surface Enhance Raman Spectroscopy method to detect, quantify, and/or monitor corrosion inhibitors that are present in fluids in a wide range of concentrations in order to manage corrosion treatment in oil and gas production and refining systems or other industrial systems and to reduce the amount of time spent in obtaining data that is reliable and useful for corrosion control.

Abstract: A method of preventing or mitigating corrosion on a metallic surface exposed to a supercritical fluid is disclosed. The method includes adding a corrosion inhibitor composition to a supercritical fluid comprising a supercritical carbon dioxide; and contacting the supercritical fluid with a metallic surface, wherein the corrosion inhibitor composition comprises a corrosion inhibitor that has a solubility of greater than 5,000 ppm in the supercritical fluid at 48.9° C. and 2,200 psi.

Abstract: Techniques are described for wireless communication. A first method may include classifying feedback received for a first downlink transmission over a shared radio frequency spectrum band; identifying an interference parameter for a subsequent downlink transmission; and scheduling the subsequent downlink transmission based at least in part on feedback classified in a feedback category associated with the identified interference parameter for the subsequent downlink transmission. The feedback may be classified in one of a plurality of feedback categories, and the classifying may be based at least in part on an interference parameter for the first downlink transmission. A second method may include identifying an interference parameter for a first downlink transmission received over a shared radio frequency spectrum band; generating feedback for the first downlink transmission; and sending, to a base station, the feedback along with an indication of the interference parameter.

Abstract: Techniques are described for wireless communication. A first method may include classifying feedback received for a first downlink transmission over a shared radio frequency spectrum band; identifying an interference parameter for a subsequent downlink transmission; and scheduling the subsequent downlink transmission based at least in part on feedback classified in a feedback category associated with the identified interference parameter for the subsequent downlink transmission. The feedback may be classified in one of a plurality of feedback categories, and the classifying may be based at least in part on an interference parameter for the first downlink transmission. A second method may include identifying an interference parameter for a first downlink transmission received over a shared radio frequency spectrum band; generating feedback for the first downlink transmission; and sending, to a base station, the feedback along with an indication of the interference parameter.

Abstract: Pitting corrosion of stainless steel occurs in solutions of organic acid, such as tartaric acid, in an electrolyte solution with methanol. However, methanolic solutions containing at least one organic halide and at least one organic hydroxyl-acid and some water provide reduced pitting corrosion of stainless steel. The organic hydroxyacid may be a hydroxy acid containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms with at least one hydroxyl group and at least one carboxylic acid group, in a non-limiting example, glycolic acid. The pH of the methanolic solution may range from about 3.5 to about 8.

Abstract: The embodiments relates to garden blower, including: an enclosure, including a main body part located on back end and a blowing pipe located on front end and extending axially, the enclosure disposed with an air inlet and an air outlet communicated with external environment; a power device, connected to the enclosure; a fan component, driven by the power device and generating airflows; the fan component includes at least two-level fans, further includes a first-level fan and a second-level fan axially disposed front and back, the garden blower includes a first air inlet passage allowing entrance of the airflows generated by the first-level fan and a second air inlet passage allowing entrance of the airflows generated by the second-level fan, and the airflows entering the first air inlet passage and the airflows entering the second air inlet passage are converged into the blowing pipe and are blown to the outside.

Abstract: Corrosion to a metal surface in contact with corrosion forming components within an aqueous-based fluid system may be decreased, prevented, and/or inhibited by contacting the metal surface(s) with apatite forming components and forming at least one apatite species on the surface with the apatite forming components. The apatite forming components may be or include phosphates, organophosphates and combinations thereof. In a non-limiting embodiment, the apatite forming components may further include fluorides, chlorides, calcium, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Transfer of Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS) over a Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) service and idle mode unicast service for a mobile entity from a source base station to a target base station may be managed by a base station or mobile entity of a cellular wireless communications system (WCS). Operations related to the transfer may include obtaining an MBMS status of the mobile entity, and/or obtaining MBMS support information for the base station. A network entity may facilitate MBMS discovery by a mobile entity, by transmitting a data element to the mobile entity including service identifiers mapped to corresponding cell identifiers to indicate respective MBMS services to be broadcast in an WCS area on adjacent cells identified by respective ones of the cell identifiers. The MBMS services may be broadcast within the WCS area using the adjacent cells previously indicated in the data element.

Abstract: Transfer of Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS) over a Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) service and idle mode unicast service for a mobile entity from a source base station to a target base station may be managed by a base station or mobile entity of a cellular wireless communications system (WCS). Operations related to the transfer may include obtaining an MBMS status of the mobile entity, and/or obtaining MBMS support information for the base station. A network entity may facilitate MBMS discovery by a mobile entity, by transmitting a data element to the mobile entity including service identifiers mapped to corresponding cell identifiers to indicate respective MBMS services to be broadcast in an WCS area on adjacent cells identified by respective ones of the cell identifiers. The MBMS services may be broadcast within the WCS area using the adjacent cells previously indicated in the data element.

Abstract: Additional improvements to the design of enhanced physical random access channel (ePRACH) procedures are disclosed for communications systems having contention-based shared spectrum including unlicensed frequency bands. The additional improvements address the uncertainty of transmission in listen before talk (LBT)-based communications and cooperation with other radio access technologies competing for the same frequency spectrum.

Abstract: Transfer of Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS) over a Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) service and idle mode unicast service for a mobile entity from a source base station to a target base station may be managed by a base station or mobile entity of a cellular wireless communications system (WCS). Operations related to the transfer may include obtaining an MBMS status of the mobile entity, and/or obtaining MBMS support information for the base station. A network entity may facilitate MBMS discovery by a mobile entity, by transmitting a data element to the mobile entity including service identifiers mapped to corresponding cell identifiers to indicate respective MBMS services to be broadcast in an WCS area on adjacent cells identified by respective ones of the cell identifiers. The MBMS services may be broadcast within the WCS area using the adjacent cells previously indicated in the data element.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor additive is circulated in a system with a corrosion environment to inhibit metal corrosion. The corrosion inhibitor additive includes a first component and a second component. The second component includes without limitation, imidazolines, amides, quaternary amines, carboxylic acid reaction products, organophosphates, phenathradine derivatives, heterocyclic molecules containing one or both of nitrogen and sulfur, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided that include counting devices for broadcast data services. The devices can be counted based on registrations received from the devices. This registration count can additionally or alternatively be used to determine whether further counting is desired. In addition, base stations can transmit counting requests to the devices using a paging message or other message such that idle mode devices can receive the counting requests. The idle mode devices can respond to the requests or send autonomous counting report by switching to an active mode for the purpose of responding or another purpose.

Abstract: A non-polar blue light LED epitaxial wafer based on an LAO substrate comprises the LAO substrate, and a buffer layer, a first non-doped layer, a first doped layer, a quantum well layer, an electron barrier layer and a second doped layer that are sequentially arranged on the LAO substrate. A preparation method of the non-polar blue light LED epitaxial wafer includes: a) adopting the LAO substrate, selecting a crystal orientation, and cleaning a surface of the LAO substrate; b) annealing the LAO substrate, and forming an AlN seed crystal layer on the surface of the LAO substrate; and c) sequentially forming a non-polar m face GaN buffer layer, a non-polar non-doped u-GaN layer, a non-polar n-type doped GaN film, a non-polar InGaN/GaN quantum well, a non-polar m face AlGaN electron barrier layer and a non-polar p-type doped GaN film on the LAO substrate by adopting metal organic chemical vapor deposition.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided that include counting devices for broadcast data services. The devices can be counted based on registrations received from the devices. This registration count can additionally or alternatively be used to determine whether further counting is desired. In addition, base stations can transmit counting requests to the devices using a paging message or other message such that idle mode devices can receive the counting requests. The idle mode devices can respond to the requests or send autonomous counting report by switching to an active mode for the purpose of responding or another purpose.

Abstract: A composition for inhibiting corrosion of a metal is provided. The corrosion inhibitor composition comprises 5-amino-2-mercaptobenzimidazole. The corrosion inhibitor composition can also comprise a 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivative selected from the group consisting of 2-mercapto-5-methylbenzimidazole, 5-Ethoxy-2-mercaptobenzimidazole, 5-(difluoromethoxy)-2-mercapto-1H-benzimidazole 1-Methyl-1H-benzimidazole-2-thiol and 2-mercapto-5-nitrobenzimidazole. The corrosion inhibitor composition outperforms many other sulfur-containing corrosion inhibitors in kettle testing.

Abstract: A composition for inhibiting corrosion of a metal is provided. The corrosion inhibitor composition comprises 5-amino-2-mercaptobenzimidazole. The corrosion inhibitor composition outperforms many other sulfur-containing corrosion inhibitors in kettle testing.

Abstract: Techniques and apparatuses for wireless communication are described herein. According to some possible aspects, a base station may determine a random number to be used in association with performing a clear channel assessment (CCA) in a licensed assisted access (LAA) network. The base station may determine the random number in coordination with one or more other random numbers determined by one or more other base stations. The base station may determine, based on the random number, a time to perform the CCA to reduce or prevent conflicts with the one or more other base stations.

Abstract: Pitting corrosion of stainless steel occurs in solutions of organic acid, such as tartaric acid, in an electrolyte solution with methanol. However, methanolic solutions containing at least one organic halide and at least one organic hydroxyacid and some water provide reduced pitting corrosion of stainless steel. The organic hydroxyacid may be a hydroxy acid containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms with at least one hydroxyl group and at least one carboxylic acid group, in a non-limiting example, glycolic acid. The pH of the methanolic solution may range from about 3.5 to about 8.