Abstract: Provided is a method for determining effective porosity of high clay-bearing rock core, comprising: acquiring a saturated sample NMR T2 spectrum of a high clay-bearing rock core sample, which is measured when temperature of saturated aqueous solution reaches a preset temperature after rock core sample saturated with water being immersed into the saturated aqueous solution and placed and heated in constant temperature and humidity environment; determining a nuclear magnetic total porosity of rock core sample according to the saturated sample NMR T2 spectrum; acquiring permeability and NMR T2 spectrum of the rock core sample placed in the constant temperature and humidity environment and dried until different time; generating cross-plot of permeability and nuclear magnetic porosity; determining first porosity and second porosity; and determining an effective porosity of the h rock core based on the first porosity, the second porosity, and the nuclear magnetic total porosity.

Abstract: Provided is a method for determining effective porosity of high clay-bearing rock core, comprising: acquiring a saturated sample NMR T2 spectrum of a high clay-bearing rock core sample, which is measured when temperature of saturated aqueous solution reaches a preset temperature after rock core sample saturated with water being immersed into the saturated aqueous solution and placed and heated in constant temperature and humidity environment; determining a nuclear magnetic total porosity of rock core sample according to the saturated sample NMR T2 spectrum; acquiring permeability and NMR T2 spectrum of the rock core sample placed in the constant temperature and humidity environment and dried until different time; generating cross-plot of permeability and nuclear magnetic porosity; determining first porosity and second porosity; and determining an effective porosity of the h rock core based on the first porosity, the second porosity, and the nuclear magnetic total porosity.

Abstract: A novel method suitable for commercially mass production of hollow microneedle with high quality for delivery of drugs across or into biological tissue is provided. It typically includes the following processes: (1) coating an elongated template of a first material with a second material to form a cover; (2) removing tips of the template and cover to form an opening in the cover; and (3) removing the template of the first material to obtain hollow microneedles of the second material. This simple, efficient and cost-effective fabrication method can mass produce hollow microneedle arrays involving no complicated and expensive equipments or techniques, which can be used in commercial fabrication of hollow needles for delivering drugs or genes across or into skin or other tissue barriers with advantages of minimal damage, painless, long-term and continuous usages.

Abstract: A novel method suitable for commercially mass production of hollow microneedle with high quality for delivery of drugs across or into biological tissue is provided. It typically includes the following processes: (1) coating an elongated template of a first material with a second material to form a cover; (2) removing tips of the template and cover to form an opening in the cover; and (3) removing the template of the first material to obtain hollow microneedles of the second material. This simple, efficient and cost-effective fabrication method can mass produce hollow microneedle arrays involving no complicated and expensive equipments or techniques, which can be used in commercial fabrication of hollow needles for delivering drugs or genes across or into skin or other tissue barriers with advantages of minimal damage, painless, long-term and continuous usages.