Abstract: An electromagnetic relay includes a base, a spool provided on the base, a coil wound on the spool, a yoke inserted into a hole formed in the spool, an armature movably disposed on the base, a movable contact fixed on the base, a static contact fixed on the base, a driving member connected between the armature and the movable contact, and an elastic pressing member fixed on the base. The elastic pressing member is pressed against an outer side of the armature so as to position the armature on the base and provide an auxiliary thrust to the armature.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay includes a base, a spool provided on the base, a coil wound on the spool, a yoke inserted into a hole formed in the spool, an armature movably provided on the base, a movable contact fixed on the base, a static contact fixed on the base, and a driving member connected between the armature and the movable contact. The yoke is L-shaped. The yoke and the armature form a rectangular magnetic loop.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay includes a base, a spool provided on the base, a coil wound on the spool, a yoke inserted into a hole formed in the spool, an armature movably provided on the base, a movable contact fixed on the base, a static contact fixed on the base, and a driving member connected between the armature and the movable contact. The yoke is L-shaped. The yoke and the armature form a rectangular magnetic loop.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay includes a base, a spool provided on the base, a coil wound on the spool, a yoke inserted into a hole formed in the spool, an armature movably disposed on the base, a movable contact fixed on the base, a static contact fixed on the base, a driving member connected between the armature and the movable contact, and an elastic pressing member fixed on the base. The elastic pressing member is pressed against an outer side of the armature so as to position the armature on the base and provide an auxiliary thrust to the armature.

Abstract: A dual-motor power system or a dual-motor hybrid power system for a vehicle comprises a first motor, a second motor, an intermediate shaft, a first gear set disposed between a first driving shaft, and an intermediate shaft. The first driving shaft couples with the intermediate shaft via the first gear set, a second gear set disposed between the second driving shaft and the intermediate shaft, and a single synchronizer disposed around the second driving shaft. The synchronizer can be switched between a neutral position, a first-speed-ratio position, and a second-speed-ratio position. In the neutral position, the second driving shaft is decoupled from the first and second gear sets. In the first-speed-ratio position, the synchronizer couples the second driving shaft with the intermediate shaft via the first gear set. In the second-speed-ratio position, the synchronizer couples the second driving shaft with the intermediate shaft via the second gear set.

Abstract: A hybrid-power driving system (HPDS) (100, 200) includes an engine, a motor, and a transmission. The HPDS may include a single clutch and the transmission can provide at least five forward speed ratios and can provide for at least one reverse speed ratio. The transmission can include three synchronizers and multiple gearwheels that are used in multiple speed ratios. In addition to a pure engine driving mode and a pure motor driving mode, the HPDS can operate using a hybrid-power driving mode (HDM). In the HDM, the HPDS can provide for shifting of gears without power interruption to the output shaft or half-axles and wheels of a vehicle. In the HDM, the continuous power being output can be achieved by keeping a synchronizer engaged with a gearwheel for two consecutive speed ratios.

Abstract: A hybrid-power driving system (HPDS) (110) includes an engine, a motor, and a transmission. The HPDS may include a single clutch and the transmission can provide at least six forward speed ratios and can provide for a reverse speed ratio. The transmission can include three synchronizers and multiple gearwheels that are used in multiple speed ratios. In addition to a pure engine driving mode and a pure motor driving mode, the HPDS can operate using a hybrid-power driving mode (HDM). In the HDM, the HPDS can provide for shifting of gears without power interruption to the half-axles and wheels of a vehicle. In the HDM, the continuous power being output can be achieved by keeping a synchronizer engaged to a gearwheel for two consecutive speed ratios.

Abstract: A start-up method for a hybrid powertrain in which hydraulic pressure is generated in a casual start-up by an electric oil pump motor where certain predetermined conditions are satisfied and the casual start-up is abandoned and hydraulic pressure is generated by an engine where the predetermined conditions are not satisfied. The casual start-up is also abandoned where a vehicle operator seeks propulsion shortly after start-up and before an oil pump is rotating within a predetermined threshold of an oil pump target RPM.

Abstract: A dual-motor power system or a dual-motor hybrid power system for a vehicle comprises a first motor, a second motor, an intermediate shaft, a first gear set disposed between a first driving shaft, and an intermediate shaft. The first driving shaft couples with the intermediate shaft via the first gear set, a second gear set disposed between the second driving shaft and the intermediate shaft, and a single synchronizer disposed around the second driving shaft. The synchronizer can be switched between a neutral position, a first-speed-ratio position, and a second-speed-ratio position. In the neutral position, the second driving shaft is decoupled from the first and second gear sets. In the first-speed-ratio position, the synchronizer couples the second driving shaft with the intermediate shaft via the first gear set. In the second-speed-ratio position, the synchronizer couples the second driving shaft with the intermediate shaft via the second gear set.

Abstract: A hybrid-power driving system (HPDS) (100, 200) includes an engine, a motor, and a transmission. The HPDS may include a single clutch and the transmission can provide at least five forward speed ratios and can provide for at least one reverse speed ratio. The transmission can include three synchronizers and multiple gearwheels that are used in multiple speed ratios. In addition to a pure engine driving mode and a pure motor driving mode, the HPDS can operate using a hybrid-power driving mode (HDM). In the HDM, the HPDS can provide for shifting of gears without power interruption to the output shaft or half-axles and wheels of a vehicle. In the HDM, the continuous power being output can be achieved by keeping a synchronizer engaged with a gearwheel for two consecutive speed ratios.

Abstract: A hybrid-power driving system (HPDS) (110) includes an engine, a motor, and a transmission. The HPDS may include a single clutch and the transmission can provide at least six forward speed ratios and can provide for a reverse speed ratio. The transmission can include three synchronizers and multiple gearwheels that are used in multiple speed ratios. In addition to a pure engine driving mode and a pure motor driving mode, the HPDS can operate using a hybrid-power driving mode (HDM). In the HDM, the HPDS can provide for shifting of gears without power interruption to the half-axles and wheels of a vehicle. In the HDM, the continuous power being output can be achieved by keeping a synchronizer engaged to a gearwheel for two consecutive speed ratios.

Abstract: A method for assisting a transmission oil pump in a hybrid electric powertrain to generate transmission oil pressure rapidly during vehicle start. An electric motor is initially utilized to provide momentary torque to rotate an oil pump and rapidly generate transmission oil pressure. After initial assistance is provided by the electric motor, an oil pump electric motor powers the oil pump and maintains oil pressure within the hybrid powertrain.

Abstract: A start-up method for a hybrid powertrain in which hydraulic pressure is generated in a casual start-up by an electric oil pump motor where certain predetermined conditions are satisfied and the casual start-up is abandoned and hydraulic pressure is generated by an engine where the predetermined conditions are not satisfied. The casual start-up is also abandoned where a vehicle operator seeks propulsion shortly after start-up and before an oil pump is rotating within a predetermined threshold of an oil pump target RPM.

Abstract: A method for assisting a transmission oil pump in a hybrid electric powertrain to generate transmission oil pressure rapidly during vehicle start. An electric motor is initially utilized to provide momentary torque to rotate an oil pump and rapidly generate transmission oil pressure. After initial assistance is provided by the electric motor, an oil pump electric motor powers the oil pump and maintains oil pressure within the hybrid powertrain.

Abstract: A pump drive for a vehicle transmission pump. A transmission input torque member is operable to carry prime mover torque. A source of pump torque includes a pump input torque member circumscribing the transmission input torque member to apply torque to the transmission pump. An overrunning clutch is interposed between the pump input torque member and the transmission input torque member to carry the prime mover torque from the transmission input torque member to the pump torque output member.

Abstract: A method for testing electric motor shut-off including injecting current into an electric motor, applying at least one of a short or an open to the electric motor for a predetermined length of time, calculating the rate of decay of the current and comparing rate of the decay with a predetermined decay criteria. In one implementation, a predefined sequence of opening and short circuiting the electric motor is used, and the shut-off path tests for the motor three phases can be verified with one test.

Abstract: A method of controlling a brushless direct current motor without a position sensor. The motor includes a plurality phase windings adapted to be energized by an active inverter circuit that synchronously applies drive voltages through a plurality of phases to produce drive currents in the phase windings. Back electromotive force voltages are detected when the inverter circuit is inactive for sensorless detection of motor position.

Abstract: A method for testing electric motor shut-off including injecting current into an electric motor, applying at least one of a short or an open to the electric motor for a predetermined length of time, calculating the rate of decay of the current and comparing rate of the decay with a predetermined decay criteria. In one implementation, a predefined sequence of opening and short circuiting the electric motor is used, and the shut-off path tests for the motor three phases can be verified with one test.

Abstract: A method of controlling a brushless direct current motor without a position sensor. The motor includes a plurality phase windings adapted to be energized by an active inverter circuit that synchronously applies drive voltages through a plurality of phases to produce drive currents in the phase windings. Back electromotive force voltages are detected when the inverter circuit is inactive for sensorless detection of motor position.

Abstract: A pump drive for a vehicle transmission pump. A transmission input torque member is operable to carry prime mover torque. A source of pump torque includes a pump input torque member circumscribing the transmission input torque member to apply torque to the transmission pump. An overrunning clutch is interposed between the pump input torque member and the transmission input torque member to carry the prime mover torque from the transmission input torque member to the pump torque output member.