Abstract: A lithography system includes an immersion lithographic apparatus, a fluid supply device, and a sensor. The fluid supply is configured to supply fluid to the immersion lithographic apparatus. The fluid supply device includes at least one liquid storage tank, an upper liquid pipe and a lower liquid pipe connected to the liquid storage tank. The sensor includes at least one hydraulic pressure gauge. The at least one hydraulic pressure gauge is arranged near a lower part of the liquid storage tank and connected to the lower liquid pipe and the upper liquid pipe so as to measure the hydraulic pressure at a bottom of the liquid storage tank. The height of the liquid level in the liquid storage tank is calculated from the hydraulic pressure.

Abstract: A method and a memory controller for accessing a plurality of memories are provided. The method includes sorting a plurality of blocks of a plurality of memories to correspond to a plurality of disk logical addresses that are sequentially sorted. The plurality of blocks of the plurality of memories include M first blocks of a first memory and N second blocks of a second memory, where M and N are each an integer greater than 1, and the M first blocks of the first memory and the N second blocks of the second memory in the plurality of disk logical addresses are sorted in a non-sequential successive order.

Abstract: A lithography system includes an immersion lithographic apparatus, a fluid supply device, and a sensor. The fluid supply is configured to supply fluid to the immersion lithographic apparatus. The fluid supply device includes at least one liquid storage tank, an upper liquid pipe and a lower liquid pipe connected to the liquid storage tank. The sensor includes at least one hydraulic pressure gauge. The at least one hydraulic pressure gauge is arranged near a lower part of the liquid storage tank and connected to the lower liquid pipe and the upper liquid pipe so as to measure the hydraulic pressure at a bottom of the liquid storage tank. The height of the liquid level in the liquid storage tank is calculated from the hydraulic pressure.

Abstract: A method and a memory controller for accessing a plurality of memories are provided. The method includes sorting a plurality of blocks of a plurality of memories to correspond to a plurality of disk logical addresses that are sequentially sorted. The plurality of blocks of the plurality of memories include M first blocks of a first memory and N second blocks of a second memory, where M and N are each an integer greater than 1, and the M first blocks of the first memory and the N second blocks of the second memory in the plurality of disk logical addresses are sorted in a non-sequential successive order.

Abstract: Disclosed are a storage device and a method for sudden power off recovery thereof. The method includes: performing a first snapshot operation on the storage device to obtain system information, and storing the system information and a first tag into a non-volatile memory when the storage device in an idle state; performing a second snapshot operation on the storage device to obtain system information of the storage device, and storing the system information and a second tag into the non-volatile memory when at least one of the following conditions occurring: updating a logical-to-physical mapping table in the non-volatile memory, executing a garbage collection operation, and programming a new block; searching the latest system information in the non-volatile memory when recovering supply of power; when determining that the searched system information includes the first tag, performing a lightweight sudden power off recovery operation in the storage device.

Abstract: Disclosed are a storage device and a method for sudden power off recovery thereof. The method includes: performing a first snapshot operation on the storage device to obtain system information, and storing the system information and a first tag into a non-volatile memory when the storage device in an idle state; performing a second snapshot operation on the storage device to obtain system information of the storage device, and storing the system information and a second tag into the non-volatile memory when at least one of the following conditions occurring: updating a logical-to-physical mapping table in the non-volatile memory, executing a garbage collection operation, and programming a new block; searching the latest system information in the non-volatile memory when recovering supply of power; when determining that the searched system information includes the first tag, performing a lightweight sudden power off recovery operation in the storage device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for processing a hotline. The present invention introduces a client-customer service relationship correspondence table in a multiple line hunt group. When a client dials a hotline for the first time for a problem, the multiple line hunt group will select a customer service and save a correspondence relationship between the client and the customer service. When the client dials the hotline again, the multiple line hunt group will first query whether records of the client exist in the client-customer service relationship correspondence table; if yes, obtains a corresponding customer service to establish a call. If not, one is selected from idle customer services. By using the present method, when the client needs to dial the hotline for multiple times for a problem, it may be guaranteed that it is the same customer service who serves the client.

Abstract: A foaming cement (1), cooperates with the steel member (5), forms the fender structure (111), which could solely resist the load in horizontal or vertical direction, or cooperate with the columniation (222). The whole lightweight steel (5) is embedded in the foaming cement or the floor slabs. The fender structure (111) cooperates with the roof board, the ceiling (555) and the various floor slabs (333) in forming the structural system, which is capable of preserving heat and bearing the load and beautifying the environment.

Abstract: A foaming cement (1), cooperates with the steel member (5), forms the fender structure (111), which could solely resist the load in horizontal or vertical direction, or cooperate with the columniation (222). The whole lightweight steel (5) is embedded in the foaming cement or the floor slabs. The fender structure (111) cooperates with the roof board, the ceiling (555) and the various floor slabs (333) in forming the structural system, which is capable of preserving heat and bearing the load and beautifying the environment.

Abstract: A foaming cement (1), cooperates with the steel member (5), forms the fender structure (111), which could solely resist the load in horizontal or vertical direction, or cooperate with the columniation (222). The whole lightweight steel (5) is embedded in the foaming cement or the floor slabs. The fender structure (111) cooperates with the roof board, the ceiling (555) and the various floor slabs (333) in forming the structural system, which is capable of preserving heat and bearing the load and beautifying the environment.

Abstract: A foaming cement (1), cooperates with the steel member (5), forms the fender structure (111), which could solely resist the load in horizontal or vertical direction, or cooperate with the columniation (222). The whole lightweight steel (5) is embedded in the foaming cement or the floor slabs. The fender structure (111) cooperates with the roof board, the ceiling (555) and the various floor slabs (333) in forming the structural system, which is capable of preserving heat and bearing the load and beautifying the environment.

Abstract: A foaming cement (1), cooperates with the steel member (5), forms the fender structure (111), which could solely resist the load in horizontal or vertical direction, or cooperate with the columniation (222). The whole lightweight steel (5) is embedded in the foaming cement or the floor slabs. The fender structure (111) cooperates with the roof board, the ceiling (555) and the various floor slabs (333) in forming the structural system, which is capable of preserving heat and bearing the load and beautifying the environment.

Abstract: A method for processing a substrate comprising the formation of a metal nitride/metal stack suitable for use as a barrier/liner for sub-0.18 &mgr;m device fabrication. After a metal nitride layer is deposited upon a metal layer, the metal nitride layer is exposed to a treatment step in a nitrogen-containing environment, e.g., a plasma. The plasma treatment modifies the entire metal nitride layer and a top portion of the underlying metal layer. The plasma adds nitrogen to the top portion of the metal layer, resulting in the formation of a nitrated-metal layer. Aside from reducing the microstructure mismatch across the nitride-metal interface, the plasma treatment also densifies and reduces impurities from the deposited nitride layer. The resulting nitride/metal stack exhibits improved film properties, including enhanced adhesion and barrier characteristics. A composite nitride layer of a desired thickness can also be formed by repeating the deposition and treatment cycles of thinner component nitride layers.

Abstract: An optical collector head comprises a beam splitting device (5) capable of producing at least three output beams (9) in different directions; a single objective lens (4) to provide a collimated beam to the beam splitting device (5); and an assembly of: (a) a quarter wave plate (6), or plate producing a similar effect; (b) a polarizer acting as an analyzing element; (c) a lens; and (d) a recording device (3/1, 3/2, 3/4) for the simultaneous capture of phase-stepped images from each output beam. The invention also includes a polarimetric device comprising an optical collector head as defined above and a source (12) of polarized light; and a polarimetric device comprising an optical collector head as defined above and a source (12) of polarized light.