Abstract: 1-chloro-3,3-dimethylbutane is oxidized by dimethyl sulfoxide, in the presence of an effective amount of inorganic bromide or iodide, and in the present of an effective amount of base, to produce 3,3-dimethylbutyraldehyde.

Abstract: A pneumatic impacting mechanism comprising a first cylinder and a piston with a rear air distributing bar and a front air distributing bar which simultaneously acts as an impacting head of the same, said rear distributing bar having an axially extending air inlet channel, which in turn can be connected, through a radial air channel in the piston, alternatively with a pair of air inlet channels leading to a second cylinder of a plunger valve, said plunger valve being provided with two annular grooves at both ends for alternatively controlling two air inlet channels and two air exhaust channels. In this manner, the quantities of compressed air entering into the first cylinder during forward and backward strokes are determined by the lengths of the two distributing bars. Moreover, two air buffer chambers are provided at both ends of the first cylinder so that the compressed air doing work within said first cylinder can expand to approximately atmosphere.