Abstract: A method for producing double-component modified molecular sieve comprises adding molecular sieve to an aqueous solution containing phosphorus to form a mixture, allowing the mixture to react at pH of 1-10, temperature of 70-200° C. and pressure of 0.2-1.2 MPa for 10-200 min, and then filtering, drying and baking the resultant to obtain phosphorus-modified molecular sieve, and then adding the phosphorus-modified molecular sieve to an aqueous solution containing silver ions, allowing the phosphorus-modified molecular sieve to react with silver ions at 0-100° C. in dark condition for 30-150 min, and then filtering, drying and baking. The obtained double-component modified molecular sieve contains 88-99 wt % molecular sieve with a ratio of silica to alumina between 15 and 60, 0.5-10 wt % phosphorus (based on oxides) and 0.01-2 wt % silver (based on oxides), all based on dry matter. A catalyst produced from the double-component modified molecular sieve has improved hydrothermal stability and microactivity.

Abstract: A method for producing double-component modified molecular sieve comprises adding molecular sieve to an aqueous solution containing phosphorus to form a mixture, allowing the mixture to react at pH of 1-10, temperature of 70-200° C. and pressure of 0.2-1.2 MPa for 10-200 min, and then filtering, drying and baking the resultant to obtain phosphorus-modified molecular sieve, and then adding the phosphorus-modified molecular sieve to an aqueous solution containing silver ions, allowing the phosphorus-modified molecular sieve to react with silver ions at 0-100° C. in dark condition for 30-150 min, and then filtering, drying and baking. The obtained double-component modified molecular sieve contains 88-99 wt % molecular sieve with a ratio of silica to alumina between 15 and 60, 0.5-10 wt % phosphorus (based on oxides) and 0.01-2 wt % silver (based on oxides), all based on dry matter. A catalyst produced from the double-component modified molecular sieve has improved hydrothermal stability and microactivity.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for improving data transfers between a network and a network device is provided. The apparatus comprising a data input, a programmable counter adapted to counting the number of data packets received, an interrupt generator for signaling a microprocessor upon a signal from said programmable counter, a data processing block for examining the contents of data packets for an end-of-packet flag, and an output.

Abstract: A communication method is based on a communications standard such as, for example, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), that defines a cell format 110 with a standard header 5 of a standard length M (for ATM, five octets). The method involves forming an abbreviated header 2 of length m<M, and sending a cell 100 including the abbreviated header 2 over a communications medium. In one example, the length of the abbreviated header 2 is two octets, which is substantially less than the five-octet length of a conventional ATM header 5, thus substantially reducing the proportion of cell overhead and increasing communications throughput capability.

Abstract: A dual damascene process flow for forming interconnect lines and vias in which at least part of the via (116) is etched prior to the trench etch. A low-k material such as a thermoset organic polymer is used for the ILD (106) and IMD (110). After the at least partial via etch, a BARC (120) is deposited over the structure including in the via (116). Then, the trench (126) is patterned and etched. Although at least some of the BARC (120) material is removed during the trench etch, the bottom of the via (116) is protected.

Abstract: A dual active scan technique (100) helps reduce the problem of losing a preferred Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) in a congested environment, and also allows the communication device (202) to become aware of other WLANs that may be available for use by a communication device (202). The dual active scan (100) performs an active scan with preferred SSID followed by an active scan with broadcasting SSID.

Abstract: An improved ADSL system and system for downloading and uploading data packets between a server and a client is provided by the client having a normal first-in-first-out queue for sending uploading data to said server and a separate priority first-in-first-out queue for sending acknowledgments back to said server to enable the server to send more download data. The client determines if the priority queue is empty and sends the data packets only when the priority queue is empty.

Abstract: A method (40) of determining a best focus for an integrated circuit stepper (10). The method repeats various steps for a plurality of different focus levels. The repeated steps include forming a first element group (C1) on a wafer (30F1), where the first element group comprises one or more elements and each of the one or more elements in the first element group has a shape. The repeated steps further include defining a first reference point (CC1) for the first element group at a position relative to the shape of the one or more elements in the first element group. Similarly, the repeated steps include forming a second element group (C2) on the wafer, where the second group comprises one or more elements and each of the one or more elements in the second element group has a shape, and defining a second reference point (CC2) for the second element group at a position relative to the shape of the one or more elements in the second element group.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for improving data transfers between a network and a network device is provided. Said apparatus comprising a data input, a programmable counter adapted to counting the number of data packets received, an interrupt generator for signaling a microprocessor upon a signal from said programmable counter, a data processing block for examining the contents of data packets for an end-of-packet flag, and an output.