Abstract: Disclosed is a composite damping lightweight sound insulation wall, including lightweight sound insulation layers, composite damping layers and a sound absorption matching layer, the composite damping layers are positioned on both sides of the sound absorption matching layer, and the lightweight sound insulation layers are positioned on outer surfaces of the composite damping layers; each of the composite damping layers includes damping layers, shear columns and an air layer, the damping layers are respectively arranged on both ends of the shear columns, the shear columns are periodically distributed along the damping layers, and the air layer is located between the adjacent damping layers; and the sound absorption matching layer includes porous sound-absorbing material, Helmholtz resonant cavities and light steel furring, the light steel furring are snap-fitted on both sides of the porous sound-absorbing material, and the Helmholtz resonant cavities are embedded inside the porous sound-absorbing material.