Abstract: Electrochemical systems and methods involving gas generation and/or consumption are generally described. In some aspects, an electrochemical system (e.g., an electrochemical cell) including a first electrode (e.g., an intercalation electrode) and a second electrode (e.g., for gas generation and/or consumption) is provided. Generation and/or consumption of gaseous species may be accomplished in some instances via application of voltages, and in some instances generated gas can deform components of the electrochemical system (e.g., compliant surfaces). The electrode materials may be chosen such that gas generation and/or consumption can be accomplished reversibly, controllably, and/or with relatively small energy input. Such properties may be useful in fluid pumping and/ or valving applications.

Abstract: Electrochemical actuators including a sealed electrolytic chamber with two or more electrodes disposed therein and associated reservoirs are described. In some embodiments, the electrochemical actuators include one or more rigid structures that are overmolded onto one or more electrodes to form the electrolytic chambers. In some embodiments, multiple rigid structures that are overmolded onto two or separate electrodes may be connected to form one or more electrolytic chambers with a desired configuration of electrodes contained therein. Manufacturing methods and structures related to the formation of an array of electrochemical actuators are also described.

Abstract: Infusion pumps including a plurality of reservoirs arranged either serially and/or in parallel with one another are described. In some embodiments, flow channels with a desired arrangement of flow resistances, bypass flow paths, pressure sensors, and/or meniscus control structures may be included in the infusion pump to provide a desired flow of one or more therapeutic compounds into and/or out from an infusion pump.

Abstract: An electroporation device with a volume of varying cross sectional area that as a fast assay device for determining the optimal conditions for plasma membrane electroporation.

Abstract: An electroporation device with a volume of varying cross-sectional area that be used as a fast assay device for determining the optimal conditions for plasma membrane electroporation.

Abstract: A flexible patch pump for controllable accurate subcutaneous delivery of one or more medicaments to a patient includes a laminated layered structure. The pump may have a rigid reservoir layer including a number of rigid reservoirs disposed in a flexible material; a flexible microfluidic layer including a compliant membrane for sealing the rigid reservoirs, a network of microfluidic channels connecting the rigid reservoirs, and a number of inlet and/or outlet valves corresponding to the rigid reservoirs; and a flexible-rigid electronic circuit layer including a number of individually-addressable actuators. In operation, the rigid reservoirs may contain medicament that is dispensed in precise volumes at appropriate times due, for example, to a pressure change in an addressed reservoir caused by displacement of the compliant membrane or other actuation element.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for cell electroporation are provided. An apparatus includes a fluid transport structure, such as a pipette, that includes an electroporation structure defining a flow path having a constriction. The fluid transport structure also includes at least two conductive elements configured to produce an electric field in the flow path. The conductive elements are in operative arrangement with each other and are configured to expose cells contained within a cell suspension flowing through the fluid transport structure to an electric field that is sufficient to electroporate at least a subset of the cells in the flow path.

Abstract: A flexible patch pump for controllable accurate subcutaneous delivery of one or more medicaments to a patient includes a laminated layered structure. The pump may have a rigid reservoir layer including a number of rigid reservoirs disposed in a flexible material; a flexible microfluidic layer including a compliant membrane for sealing the rigid reservoirs, a network of microfluidic channels connecting the rigid reservoirs, and a number of inlet and/or outlet valves corresponding to the rigid reservoirs; and a flexible-rigid electronic circuit layer including a number of individually-addressable actuators. In operation, the rigid reservoirs may contain medicament that is dispensed in precise volumes at appropriate times due, for to example, to a pressure change in an addressed reservoir caused by displacement of the compliant membrane or other actuation element.

Abstract: An electroporation device with a volume of varying cross sectional area that as a fast assay device for determining the optimal conditions for plasma membrane electroporation.

Abstract: A flexible patch pump for controllable accurate subcutaneous delivery of one or more medicaments to a patient includes a laminated layered structure. The pump may have a rigid reservoir layer including a number of rigid reservoirs disposed in a flexible material; a flexible microfluidic layer including a compliant membrane for sealing the rigid reservoirs, a network of microfluidic channels connecting the rigid reservoirs, and a number of inlet and/or outlet valves corresponding to the rigid reservoirs; and a flexible-rigid electronic circuit layer including a number of individually-addressable actuators. In operation, the rigid reservoirs may contain medicament that is dispensed in precise volumes at appropriate times due, for example, to a pressure change in an addressed reservoir caused by displacement of the compliant membrane or other actuation element.

Abstract: A flexible patch pump for controllable accurate subcutaneous delivery of one or more medicaments to a patient includes a laminated layered structure. The pump may have a rigid reservoir layer including a number of rigid reservoirs disposed in a flexible material; a flexible microfluidic layer including a compliant membrane for sealing the rigid reservoirs, a network of microfluidic channels connecting the rigid reservoirs, and a number of inlet and/or outlet valves corresponding to the rigid reservoirs; and a flexible-rigid electronic circuit layer including a number of individually-addressable actuators. In operation, the rigid reservoirs may contain medicament that is dispensed in precise volumes at appropriate times due, for to example, to a pressure change in an addressed reservoir caused by displacement of the compliant membrane or other actuation element.